深层块状稠油油藏转重力火驱研究
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摘要
本文针对辽河油田蒸汽吞吐后的深层块状稠油油藏，平面和纵向动用程度已经较高、稠油井面临低产、低油气比、低效和剩余油分布零散的开发局面，还没有实现真正的开采方式转换的状况，提出应用重力火驱作为下一步转换的开发方式。
本文通过对世界上火烧油层和重力火驱开发技术调研分析，目前重力火驱—THAI技术主要应用在块状浅层超稠油油藏上。而对辽河油田已经经过多轮次吞吐开发的深层块状普通稠油藏，储层非均质性都很严重，所以重力火驱是否适合以及参数设置如何优化都是需要面临的问题。本文通过对重力火驱油藏适应性研究，从油层厚度、油藏类型、油藏物性以及油藏非均质性和隔夹层特征方面，论述了适合重力火驱的稠油油藏特征，并最终得到适合重力火驱稠油油藏筛选标准。在火驱室内试验研究基础上，应用物模和热采数值模拟相结合的方法，建立了重力火驱数模模型，对重力火驱的参数优化和调整进行研究。研究结果指出侧向重力火驱较THAI技术更适应于已吞吐开发的块状稠油油藏，并且根据跟踪数模研究结果，指出对重力火驱过程中湿烧段塞是比干烧更好的燃烧模式，同时证实重力火驱的焦炭模式燃烧更充分。
通过对多轮次吞吐后厚层块状稠油油藏直井火烧油层先导试验的评价，指出在火烧过程中油层内燃烧前缘推进沿着井距小、储层物性好、地层亏空大的方向推进速度快。火线平面上推进速度不均匀，纵向上气窜、气体超覆导致火线波及效率低。进一步为重力火驱在该类油藏实施指明方向。
通过对侧向重力火驱先导实验井组实施分析，水平井平均日产液7.3t，平均日产油4.4t，见到良好效果并对重力火驱监测技术进行分析研究。说明高轮次蒸汽吞吐后厚层块状稠油油藏转重力火驱是一个有效的开发方式，它可以提高油井产量和区块采收率。
综上所述本文在对现有重力火驱技术分析基础上，建立了适合重力火驱的稠油油藏筛选标准，并应用物理模拟和热采数值模拟方法对重力火驱参数优化调整进行研究，为已吞吐开发的厚层块状稠油藏转侧向重力火驱奠定基础，必将为下一步辽河油田稠油藏转换开发方式做出贡献。
In this paper for the deep and massive heavy oil reservoirs of Liaohe oilfield afterCSS(cycle steam stimulation) development, the reservoir development condition was faced withthe high developed ratios in the plane and vertical oil zones and the existing heavy oil well withlow production, low OSR, low effect and high dispersed remaining oil,and moreover in theheavy oil reservoir the converted development pattern was not made true really, So the GravityFire Flooding(GFF) was put forward as the next development pattern converted.
In this paper by the technology survey of the in-situ combustion and the GFF, the gravityfire flooding-THAI was mainly used in the matrix shallow ultra heavy oil reservoirs. So there aremany issues faced that the GFF was suitable or not for the deep and massive heavy oil reservoirsin Liaohe oilfield after CSS development which have very heavy heterogeneity in the reservoirsand how to optimize the development parameters was done in the DFF.In this paper by thereservoir adaptability study of the GFF, the property of the heavy oil reservoirs that was suitablefor the GFF was discussed from the oil zones thickness,the type of the reservoirs,the physicsproperty and heterogeneity of the reservoirs,the characteristics of the interlayers in the oil zones,and the screening criterion of the heavy oil reservoirs for the GFF was obtained. The numericalmodel of the GFF was build up by use of the methods of physics model and the thermalnumerical modeling combined,and the parameters optimimum and adjustment of the GFF wasstudied on basis of the indoors lab test research on the fire flooding. The result of the study wasshowed that the lateral GFF was more suitable than THAI technology for the deep and massiveheavy oil reservoirs after CSS development and furthermore in terms of the methods used bytrailing research of the numerical modeling, it was pointed out that the wet combustion sectionwas a better burning pattern than the dry combustion and at same time it was convinced that thehard coke combustion pattern could make the oil zones burned more completely during theheavy oil combustion.
In term of the vertical wells fire flooding pilot evaluation on the deep and massive heavy oilreservoirs after CSS development, it was pointed that in the high heterogeneity heavy reservoirconverted to fire flooding development, the combustion front was pushed quickly along thedirection of good reservoir property, low well space and the lower formation pressure.The firefront pushed non uniform in the plane and the gas channeling and gas overlapped made the volume sweep coefficient lower which was showed that the GFF could be further utilized in thiskind of the heavy oil reservoirs.
By the analysis on the lateral GFF pilot well group, the GFF pilot well groups got goodeffect in Gao3-6-18block with the average daily liquids7.3t and the average daily oil rate4.4tfor the horizontal production well and the monitoring technique of the GFF was studied. It wasconviced that it was a good development pattern for the deep and massive heavy oil reservoirsafter CSS development converted to the GFF development and it could improve oil wellsproduction and the block recovery.
In general on the basis of the analysis on the existing technology of the GFF, the screeningcriterion of the heavy oil reservoirs for the GFF was bulid up and the parameters optimimumand adjustment of the GFF was studied by use of the methods of physics model and the thermalnumerical modeling combined which would be set on basis of the thick and massive heavy oilreservoir converted to the GFF after CSS development, and it would give more contribution onthe next heavy oil reservoir converted development pattern in Liaohe oil field.
本文通过对世界上火烧油层和重力火驱开发技术调研分析，目前重力火驱—THAI技术主要应用在块状浅层超稠油油藏上。而对辽河油田已经经过多轮次吞吐开发的深层块状普通稠油藏，储层非均质性都很严重，所以重力火驱是否适合以及参数设置如何优化都是需要面临的问题。本文通过对重力火驱油藏适应性研究，从油层厚度、油藏类型、油藏物性以及油藏非均质性和隔夹层特征方面，论述了适合重力火驱的稠油油藏特征，并最终得到适合重力火驱稠油油藏筛选标准。在火驱室内试验研究基础上，应用物模和热采数值模拟相结合的方法，建立了重力火驱数模模型，对重力火驱的参数优化和调整进行研究。研究结果指出侧向重力火驱较THAI技术更适应于已吞吐开发的块状稠油油藏，并且根据跟踪数模研究结果，指出对重力火驱过程中湿烧段塞是比干烧更好的燃烧模式，同时证实重力火驱的焦炭模式燃烧更充分。
通过对多轮次吞吐后厚层块状稠油油藏直井火烧油层先导试验的评价，指出在火烧过程中油层内燃烧前缘推进沿着井距小、储层物性好、地层亏空大的方向推进速度快。火线平面上推进速度不均匀，纵向上气窜、气体超覆导致火线波及效率低。进一步为重力火驱在该类油藏实施指明方向。
通过对侧向重力火驱先导实验井组实施分析，水平井平均日产液7.3t，平均日产油4.4t，见到良好效果并对重力火驱监测技术进行分析研究。说明高轮次蒸汽吞吐后厚层块状稠油油藏转重力火驱是一个有效的开发方式，它可以提高油井产量和区块采收率。
综上所述本文在对现有重力火驱技术分析基础上，建立了适合重力火驱的稠油油藏筛选标准，并应用物理模拟和热采数值模拟方法对重力火驱参数优化调整进行研究，为已吞吐开发的厚层块状稠油藏转侧向重力火驱奠定基础，必将为下一步辽河油田稠油藏转换开发方式做出贡献。
In this paper for the deep and massive heavy oil reservoirs of Liaohe oilfield afterCSS(cycle steam stimulation) development, the reservoir development condition was faced withthe high developed ratios in the plane and vertical oil zones and the existing heavy oil well withlow production, low OSR, low effect and high dispersed remaining oil,and moreover in theheavy oil reservoir the converted development pattern was not made true really, So the GravityFire Flooding(GFF) was put forward as the next development pattern converted.
In this paper by the technology survey of the in-situ combustion and the GFF, the gravityfire flooding-THAI was mainly used in the matrix shallow ultra heavy oil reservoirs. So there aremany issues faced that the GFF was suitable or not for the deep and massive heavy oil reservoirsin Liaohe oilfield after CSS development which have very heavy heterogeneity in the reservoirsand how to optimize the development parameters was done in the DFF.In this paper by thereservoir adaptability study of the GFF, the property of the heavy oil reservoirs that was suitablefor the GFF was discussed from the oil zones thickness,the type of the reservoirs,the physicsproperty and heterogeneity of the reservoirs,the characteristics of the interlayers in the oil zones,and the screening criterion of the heavy oil reservoirs for the GFF was obtained. The numericalmodel of the GFF was build up by use of the methods of physics model and the thermalnumerical modeling combined,and the parameters optimimum and adjustment of the GFF wasstudied on basis of the indoors lab test research on the fire flooding. The result of the study wasshowed that the lateral GFF was more suitable than THAI technology for the deep and massiveheavy oil reservoirs after CSS development and furthermore in terms of the methods used bytrailing research of the numerical modeling, it was pointed out that the wet combustion sectionwas a better burning pattern than the dry combustion and at same time it was convinced that thehard coke combustion pattern could make the oil zones burned more completely during theheavy oil combustion.
In term of the vertical wells fire flooding pilot evaluation on the deep and massive heavy oilreservoirs after CSS development, it was pointed that in the high heterogeneity heavy reservoirconverted to fire flooding development, the combustion front was pushed quickly along thedirection of good reservoir property, low well space and the lower formation pressure.The firefront pushed non uniform in the plane and the gas channeling and gas overlapped made the volume sweep coefficient lower which was showed that the GFF could be further utilized in thiskind of the heavy oil reservoirs.
By the analysis on the lateral GFF pilot well group, the GFF pilot well groups got goodeffect in Gao3-6-18block with the average daily liquids7.3t and the average daily oil rate4.4tfor the horizontal production well and the monitoring technique of the GFF was studied. It wasconviced that it was a good development pattern for the deep and massive heavy oil reservoirsafter CSS development converted to the GFF development and it could improve oil wellsproduction and the block recovery.
In general on the basis of the analysis on the existing technology of the GFF, the screeningcriterion of the heavy oil reservoirs for the GFF was bulid up and the parameters optimimumand adjustment of the GFF was studied by use of the methods of physics model and the thermalnumerical modeling combined which would be set on basis of the thick and massive heavy oilreservoir converted to the GFF after CSS development, and it would give more contribution onthe next heavy oil reservoir converted development pattern in Liaohe oil field.
引文
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