日本韩国中小企业融资研究
摘要
中小企业在一国经济发展中占有举足轻重的地位，它是推动本国社会、经济发展及参与国际经济活动的主体力量。其不仅能在国民经济的循环过程中促进经济的稳定增长、强化市场的竞争活力、创造大量的就业机会、研发出许多技术创新成果，而且由于其富有旺盛的活力和灵活的经营方式，从而也能大大削弱垄断体制和垄断行业的强度、扩大消费者的权益、填补大企业放弃生产的而又是国民日常生活中不可或缺的低附加价值商品的空白，等等。因此，中小企业已成为社会财富的主要提供者和一国经济增长的原动力，更是政治稳定和社会和谐发展的“推进器”。但是，中小企业的生产规模均较小，生产设备和技术滞后，资金和人才相对匮乏，经营渠道不够通畅，抗风险能力较弱等，由此导致中小企业在社会经济发展中处于劣势，其中最为普遍、最为困扰中小企业发展的难题是资金融通问题，这已成为世界各国政府和学术界相关人士十分关注的热点问题之一。
日韩两国分别属于发达的资本主义国家和新型工业化国家，同时也都属于拥有中小企业数量众多的国家，其中日本素有“中小企业王国”之称，韩国中小企业的比重在企业总数中占95%以上，其数量庞大程度可见一斑。日韩中小企业的不断发展与壮大，其中有的发展成为大企业及财团或财阀企业，这与两国对各自的中小企业发展的重视以及采取了有力的扶持政策是不开的，尤其是帮助中小企业较好的解决了最大难题——资金困境，在金融扶持政策方面采取了有效的措施。日韩中小企业的融资政策虽然在某些经济发展阶段曾出现过失误，存在不足之处，但总体上看还是较为成功的、有效的。
我国也是属于拥有中小企业数量较多的国家，改革开放30多年来，我国的中小企业和民营经发展迅速，它已成为我国经济社会发展中的重要力量，并取得了显著的成就。但是，近年来随着我国经济的迅速发展，中小企业面临的融资难、社会服务体系不够健全、信息缺乏、企业管理水平低、市场竞争能力弱及整体素质亟待提高等一些不容忽视和回避的问题越来越凸现出来，同时还面临着不断产生的新问题。所以，正确认识我国中小企业发展的现状和存在的问题，并通过了解和分析日韩两国中小企业融资方面的经验及教训，对于进一步促进我国中小企业的健康发展具又十分重要的意义。
为此，本人选定日韩中小企业融资问题并进行了深入系统的研究，论文主要着重从以下几个方面展开了论述与分析，首先对中小企业及其融资概念进行了界定，论述了其在经济社会发展中地位及作用、融资模式及其主要特点、中小企业融资渠道的选择、国内外学术界对这一课题的研究状况，并探讨和分析了中小企业融资的相关理论及主要观点等。
其次，分析了日韩中小企业的发展及作用。重点论述了日韩两国中小企业的发展过程、主要特点、地位与作用及政策的演变等。从日韩中小企业发展史看，两国政府对中小企业发展虽然较为重视，采取了积极的促进发展政策，收到了较好的效果。但在不同的经济发展阶段，由于种种原因，其相关政策还是有时彰显的较好，有时显得考虑不够周全，使其中小企业的发展受到不同程度的影响。这些均说明一种完善政策的形成需要一定的过程，只有在政策执行中不断的加以总结、随着形势的变化进行调整与充实，其政策才能更加到位。没有十全十美的政策，关键是，是否能及时发现原有的政策与形势变化的不相适应的症结所在，及时加以纠正与调整，政策的效能才能实现最大化。
第三，论述和分析了日韩中小企业融资体系的形成与发展。本人认为，日韩中小企融资体系是随着其经济发展变化及国力的增强而不断的得以强化和完善的，即更加规范化及效率化，这种融资体系为中小企业融资带来了便利。
第四，对日韩中小企业融资渠道进行了分析，即两国中小企业的主要融资渠道较为相似，但在个别融资渠道的选择上两国还是有所区别，如日本中小企业的直接融资渠道要远比韩国通畅，此种融资方式所占的比重也高于韩国等，而韩国中小企业对政府的政策性融资依赖性较强，扩展直接融资的基础与环境不如日本。
第五，论述了日韩中小企业融资政策的演变及发展趋势，包括其融资政策的形成与演变、各自的特点以及未来融资政策的发展趋势等。认为，日韩中小企业的融资政策均是推行以间接融资为主，直接融资为方针，这种能融资政策的选择与两国的经济发展及整体企业政策密不可分，未来两国中小企业融资政策的发展方向将会逐渐扩大直接融资的比重，而间接融资比重会逐渐下降。
第六，对日韩中小企业融资进行了比较，并评析了两国中小企业的融资效果，即从五个方面进行了比较，其中包括中小企业融资结构及变化因素、融资体系的特点及风险、融资结构的公司治理、融资模式对金融市场及宏观经济的影响、融资模式的未来发展趋势。接着，对日韩中小企业融资效果进行了评价，其中包括对正面效果及存在的问题及原因的分析等。
第七，在总结分析日韩中小企业融资经验及教训的基础上，针对我国中小企业融资现状及存在的问题，提出了改善我国中小企业融资环境，促进其健康发展的对策及建议。我国中小企业融资困难正在加大，从政府的角度应进一步加大对中小企业融资的扶持力度，不断完善各项法律法规体系及担保制度的建设，同时中小企业也应努力提高自身的素质，增强自我生存和发展的能力。
SMEs in the economic development of a country occupies a pivotalposition, it is to promote their social and economic development andparticipation in international economic activities the main force. Its notonly in the national economy during the cycle deposited into steadyeconomic growth, strengthen competition in the market vitality, create alot of employment opportunities, developed a number of technologicalinnovations, but also because of its rich exuberant vitality and flexiblemode of operation, thus can greatly weaken the monopoly system andthe strength of monopoly industries, expanding the interests ofconsumers, to fill the large enterprises to give up production but is anintegral part of daily life of citizens, low value-added goods, blank, andso on. Therefore, SMEs have become the main provider of social wealthand a driving force behind the country's economic growth, but alsopolitical stability and social harmony and development "propeller."However, SMEs are small production scale, production equipment andtechnology lag relative scarcity of capital and talent, business channelssmooth enough, weak anti-risk ability, etc., which led to thedevelopment of SMEs in the socio-economic disadvantage, which is themost generally, the most disturbing problem is the development of SMEsfinancing problems, which has become the world's governments andacademia stakeholders are very concerned about the hot issues.
Japan and South Korea belong to the developed capitalist countries and newly industrialized countries, but also belong to the country has alarge number of SMEs, of which Japan is known as the "SMEkingdom," said the South Korean small and medium enterprises in thetotal number of enterprises accounted for the proportion of more than95%, its sheer quantity is evident. Japan and South Korea continueddevelopment and growth of SMEs, some of which developed into largeenterprises and consortia or chaebol companies, which the two countriesfor their development of SMEs and to take a strong emphasis onsupporting policies are not open, especially to help a better solution forSMEs biggest problem-financial difficulties in the financial supportpolicy has taken effective measures. Japan and South Korea SMEfinancing policy although in some stage of economic development, therehad been mistakes, there is inadequate, but the overall point of view orthe more successful and effective.
Also belong to our country has a large number of SMEs in nationalreform and opening up30years, China's rapid economic development ofSMEs and private, it has become China's economic and socialdevelopment and an important force, and has made remarkableachievements. However, in recent years, as China 's rapid economicdevelopment, financing difficulties faced by SMEs, social servicesystem is not perfect, the lack of information, enterprise managementlevel is low, the market competition is weak and the overall quality needsto be improved and some problems can not be ignored and evadedincreasingly stand out, but also constantly faced with new issues arising.Therefore, a correct understanding of the status of the development ofSMEs and problems, and through understanding and analysis of Japan and Korea SME financing experience and lessons learned, to furtherpromote the healthy development of China's SMEs have another veryimportant significance.
For this reason, I selected my Korean SME financing issues andconducted in-depth research, focusing on the following aspects from thediscussion and analysis, the first of SMEs and their financing conceptsare defined and discussed in the economic the status and role of socialdevelopment, financing patterns and the main features of the choice offinancing channels for SMEs and SME financing related theory.
Secondly, it analyzes the development of SMEs and the role ofJapan and South Korea, the development process, the main features,and policy changes. History of the development of SMEs from Japan andSouth Korea, the two governments for the development of SMEs,though more attention, but in a different period of its economicdevelopment, highlighting the relevant policies or sometimes better,sometimes it seems not in place, which shows a complete policyestablished in the implementation of the constant need to summarize, toconstantly adjust and continue to enrich, there is no perfect policy, thekey is, is it possible to detect changes in the form of the original policyand not suited to the crux, and timely corrective action and adjustment.
Thirdly, the discussion and analysis of the Japanese and KoreanSME financing system formation and development. That Japan and SouthKorea SME financing system is changing along with its economicdevelopment and national strength and constantly to strengthen andimprove, that more standardized and streamlined, this financing systemfor the SME financing has brought convenience.
Fourth, Japan and South Korea were analyzed financing channelsfor SMEs, namely the two main financing channels for SMEs is similar,but in the choice of the individual financing channels is differentiatedbetween the two countries, such as direct financing channels for SMEsin Japan is far usually smooth than South Korea, the proportion of suchfinancing is also higher than South Korea, while South Korea 's policy ofSMEs to financing government strong dependence foundation andexpand direct financing environment than Japan.
Fifth, Japan and South Korea discussed the evolution of SMEfinancing policies and development trends, including its financing policyformation and evolution of their characteristics and development trend ofthe future financing policies and so on. That Japan and South Korea SMEfinancing policies are implemented to indirect financing, direct financingfor the principle of policy choices that can finance the economicdevelopment of the two countries and the overall corporate policy areinseparable, future bilateral SME financing policy direction ofdevelopment will gradually expand the proportion of direct financing,while the proportion of indirect financing will gradually decline.
Sixth, Japan and South Korea were compared SME financing andAnalysis of the effect of the two countries' financing, which werecompared from five aspects, including SME financing structure and thechanges in the two factors, the characteristics and risk financing system,financing structure of corporate governance, financing model offinancial markets and macro-economic impact of financing future trends.Next, Japan and South Korea to evaluate the effects of SME financing,including the positive effects and the problems and the reasons for such.
Seventh, SME financing in Korea analyzed on the basis ofexperience and lessons for our current situation and SME financingproblems of SME financing proposed to improve the environment, andpromote their healthy development countermeasures and suggestions.Financing difficulties of SMEs in China are increasing, from theperspective of the government should further increase its efforts tosupport SME financing, and constantly improve the laws and regulationsand guarantee system construction, while small and medium enterprisesshould strive to improve their own quality, and enhance self-survival anddevelopment.
日韩两国分别属于发达的资本主义国家和新型工业化国家，同时也都属于拥有中小企业数量众多的国家，其中日本素有“中小企业王国”之称，韩国中小企业的比重在企业总数中占95%以上，其数量庞大程度可见一斑。日韩中小企业的不断发展与壮大，其中有的发展成为大企业及财团或财阀企业，这与两国对各自的中小企业发展的重视以及采取了有力的扶持政策是不开的，尤其是帮助中小企业较好的解决了最大难题——资金困境，在金融扶持政策方面采取了有效的措施。日韩中小企业的融资政策虽然在某些经济发展阶段曾出现过失误，存在不足之处，但总体上看还是较为成功的、有效的。
我国也是属于拥有中小企业数量较多的国家，改革开放30多年来，我国的中小企业和民营经发展迅速，它已成为我国经济社会发展中的重要力量，并取得了显著的成就。但是，近年来随着我国经济的迅速发展，中小企业面临的融资难、社会服务体系不够健全、信息缺乏、企业管理水平低、市场竞争能力弱及整体素质亟待提高等一些不容忽视和回避的问题越来越凸现出来，同时还面临着不断产生的新问题。所以，正确认识我国中小企业发展的现状和存在的问题，并通过了解和分析日韩两国中小企业融资方面的经验及教训，对于进一步促进我国中小企业的健康发展具又十分重要的意义。
为此，本人选定日韩中小企业融资问题并进行了深入系统的研究，论文主要着重从以下几个方面展开了论述与分析，首先对中小企业及其融资概念进行了界定，论述了其在经济社会发展中地位及作用、融资模式及其主要特点、中小企业融资渠道的选择、国内外学术界对这一课题的研究状况，并探讨和分析了中小企业融资的相关理论及主要观点等。
其次，分析了日韩中小企业的发展及作用。重点论述了日韩两国中小企业的发展过程、主要特点、地位与作用及政策的演变等。从日韩中小企业发展史看，两国政府对中小企业发展虽然较为重视，采取了积极的促进发展政策，收到了较好的效果。但在不同的经济发展阶段，由于种种原因，其相关政策还是有时彰显的较好，有时显得考虑不够周全，使其中小企业的发展受到不同程度的影响。这些均说明一种完善政策的形成需要一定的过程，只有在政策执行中不断的加以总结、随着形势的变化进行调整与充实，其政策才能更加到位。没有十全十美的政策，关键是，是否能及时发现原有的政策与形势变化的不相适应的症结所在，及时加以纠正与调整，政策的效能才能实现最大化。
第三，论述和分析了日韩中小企业融资体系的形成与发展。本人认为，日韩中小企融资体系是随着其经济发展变化及国力的增强而不断的得以强化和完善的，即更加规范化及效率化，这种融资体系为中小企业融资带来了便利。
第四，对日韩中小企业融资渠道进行了分析，即两国中小企业的主要融资渠道较为相似，但在个别融资渠道的选择上两国还是有所区别，如日本中小企业的直接融资渠道要远比韩国通畅，此种融资方式所占的比重也高于韩国等，而韩国中小企业对政府的政策性融资依赖性较强，扩展直接融资的基础与环境不如日本。
第五，论述了日韩中小企业融资政策的演变及发展趋势，包括其融资政策的形成与演变、各自的特点以及未来融资政策的发展趋势等。认为，日韩中小企业的融资政策均是推行以间接融资为主，直接融资为方针，这种能融资政策的选择与两国的经济发展及整体企业政策密不可分，未来两国中小企业融资政策的发展方向将会逐渐扩大直接融资的比重，而间接融资比重会逐渐下降。
第六，对日韩中小企业融资进行了比较，并评析了两国中小企业的融资效果，即从五个方面进行了比较，其中包括中小企业融资结构及变化因素、融资体系的特点及风险、融资结构的公司治理、融资模式对金融市场及宏观经济的影响、融资模式的未来发展趋势。接着，对日韩中小企业融资效果进行了评价，其中包括对正面效果及存在的问题及原因的分析等。
第七，在总结分析日韩中小企业融资经验及教训的基础上，针对我国中小企业融资现状及存在的问题，提出了改善我国中小企业融资环境，促进其健康发展的对策及建议。我国中小企业融资困难正在加大，从政府的角度应进一步加大对中小企业融资的扶持力度，不断完善各项法律法规体系及担保制度的建设，同时中小企业也应努力提高自身的素质，增强自我生存和发展的能力。
SMEs in the economic development of a country occupies a pivotalposition, it is to promote their social and economic development andparticipation in international economic activities the main force. Its notonly in the national economy during the cycle deposited into steadyeconomic growth, strengthen competition in the market vitality, create alot of employment opportunities, developed a number of technologicalinnovations, but also because of its rich exuberant vitality and flexiblemode of operation, thus can greatly weaken the monopoly system andthe strength of monopoly industries, expanding the interests ofconsumers, to fill the large enterprises to give up production but is anintegral part of daily life of citizens, low value-added goods, blank, andso on. Therefore, SMEs have become the main provider of social wealthand a driving force behind the country's economic growth, but alsopolitical stability and social harmony and development "propeller."However, SMEs are small production scale, production equipment andtechnology lag relative scarcity of capital and talent, business channelssmooth enough, weak anti-risk ability, etc., which led to thedevelopment of SMEs in the socio-economic disadvantage, which is themost generally, the most disturbing problem is the development of SMEsfinancing problems, which has become the world's governments andacademia stakeholders are very concerned about the hot issues.
Japan and South Korea belong to the developed capitalist countries and newly industrialized countries, but also belong to the country has alarge number of SMEs, of which Japan is known as the "SMEkingdom," said the South Korean small and medium enterprises in thetotal number of enterprises accounted for the proportion of more than95%, its sheer quantity is evident. Japan and South Korea continueddevelopment and growth of SMEs, some of which developed into largeenterprises and consortia or chaebol companies, which the two countriesfor their development of SMEs and to take a strong emphasis onsupporting policies are not open, especially to help a better solution forSMEs biggest problem-financial difficulties in the financial supportpolicy has taken effective measures. Japan and South Korea SMEfinancing policy although in some stage of economic development, therehad been mistakes, there is inadequate, but the overall point of view orthe more successful and effective.
Also belong to our country has a large number of SMEs in nationalreform and opening up30years, China's rapid economic development ofSMEs and private, it has become China's economic and socialdevelopment and an important force, and has made remarkableachievements. However, in recent years, as China 's rapid economicdevelopment, financing difficulties faced by SMEs, social servicesystem is not perfect, the lack of information, enterprise managementlevel is low, the market competition is weak and the overall quality needsto be improved and some problems can not be ignored and evadedincreasingly stand out, but also constantly faced with new issues arising.Therefore, a correct understanding of the status of the development ofSMEs and problems, and through understanding and analysis of Japan and Korea SME financing experience and lessons learned, to furtherpromote the healthy development of China's SMEs have another veryimportant significance.
For this reason, I selected my Korean SME financing issues andconducted in-depth research, focusing on the following aspects from thediscussion and analysis, the first of SMEs and their financing conceptsare defined and discussed in the economic the status and role of socialdevelopment, financing patterns and the main features of the choice offinancing channels for SMEs and SME financing related theory.
Secondly, it analyzes the development of SMEs and the role ofJapan and South Korea, the development process, the main features,and policy changes. History of the development of SMEs from Japan andSouth Korea, the two governments for the development of SMEs,though more attention, but in a different period of its economicdevelopment, highlighting the relevant policies or sometimes better,sometimes it seems not in place, which shows a complete policyestablished in the implementation of the constant need to summarize, toconstantly adjust and continue to enrich, there is no perfect policy, thekey is, is it possible to detect changes in the form of the original policyand not suited to the crux, and timely corrective action and adjustment.
Thirdly, the discussion and analysis of the Japanese and KoreanSME financing system formation and development. That Japan and SouthKorea SME financing system is changing along with its economicdevelopment and national strength and constantly to strengthen andimprove, that more standardized and streamlined, this financing systemfor the SME financing has brought convenience.
Fourth, Japan and South Korea were analyzed financing channelsfor SMEs, namely the two main financing channels for SMEs is similar,but in the choice of the individual financing channels is differentiatedbetween the two countries, such as direct financing channels for SMEsin Japan is far usually smooth than South Korea, the proportion of suchfinancing is also higher than South Korea, while South Korea 's policy ofSMEs to financing government strong dependence foundation andexpand direct financing environment than Japan.
Fifth, Japan and South Korea discussed the evolution of SMEfinancing policies and development trends, including its financing policyformation and evolution of their characteristics and development trend ofthe future financing policies and so on. That Japan and South Korea SMEfinancing policies are implemented to indirect financing, direct financingfor the principle of policy choices that can finance the economicdevelopment of the two countries and the overall corporate policy areinseparable, future bilateral SME financing policy direction ofdevelopment will gradually expand the proportion of direct financing,while the proportion of indirect financing will gradually decline.
Sixth, Japan and South Korea were compared SME financing andAnalysis of the effect of the two countries' financing, which werecompared from five aspects, including SME financing structure and thechanges in the two factors, the characteristics and risk financing system,financing structure of corporate governance, financing model offinancial markets and macro-economic impact of financing future trends.Next, Japan and South Korea to evaluate the effects of SME financing,including the positive effects and the problems and the reasons for such.
Seventh, SME financing in Korea analyzed on the basis ofexperience and lessons for our current situation and SME financingproblems of SME financing proposed to improve the environment, andpromote their healthy development countermeasures and suggestions.Financing difficulties of SMEs in China are increasing, from theperspective of the government should further increase its efforts tosupport SME financing, and constantly improve the laws and regulationsand guarantee system construction, while small and medium enterprisesshould strive to improve their own quality, and enhance self-survival anddevelopment.
引文
①陈春玲、龙腾，合作经济与科技，中小企业投资文献综述，2005.10.50—51。
②陈春玲龙腾，《合作经与科技》2005.10.(51)
③付敏瑞，《科技导刊》2009年.26期2页。
②张修翔，中小企业对经济发展之作用，《中国外资》，2012-03-25.
⑥王书贞：《基于“银企博弈”视角的中小企业融资分析》，载《南京大学学报》2007年第6期，第132页。
①赵长征，房地产上市公司资本结构研究，《东南大学硕士论文》2004-03-22
②丛龙辉，企业融资与资本结构分析，2001-04-25
③施卫东，日本中小企业政策的特点及发展方向，决策借鉴，2001-12-20
⑤日本中小企业政策的特点及发展方向，，市场营销论文-中国范问论文网，2011-11-25.
①陈龙山，韩国经济发展论，社会科学出版社，1997年版，第2页。
②小川雄平、金泳镐等，南朝鲜经济分析，中国展望出版社，1989年版，第131—132页。
③陈龙山。韩国经济发展论，社会科学出版社,1997年版，第3页。
④韩国，李年宰，韩国中小企业政策研究，2011年4月（博士论文42页）
③吴钒、扬旸，日本构建中小企业信用担保体系的经验与启示，商业经济，2010-01-10.
①余熳宁，日本融资模式的发展状况，中国金融-2002-01-10.
③余熳宁，促进日本经济发展的重要模式，中国工商时报，2001-11-06.
④石冠兰，日本融资方式的发展历程及趋势，日本问题研究，2001-12-30.
⑤石冠兰，日本融资方式的发展历程及趋势，日本问题研究，2001-12-30.
②狄娜、顾强，我国中小企业融资现状、问题与对策，中国经济导报2004-10-30.
[1]李扬、杨思群，中小企业融资与银行[M]，上海：上海财经大学出版社，2011.
[2]庞俊涛.浅析日本中小企业融资.现代日本经济.2005(5).
[3]万兴亚，中小企业技术创新与政府政策[M]，北京：人民出版社，2001.
[4]杨汉川、隗中奇，中小企业发展与创新[M],上海：上海财经大学出版社，2001.
[5]中国银行国际金融研究所，日本的银行[M]，北京：中国财政经济出版社，2001.
[6]李丽夏、徐海俊，我国中小企业融资体系研究[M]，北京科学出版社，2005.
[7]小川雄平、金泳稿、赵凤彬主编，南朝鲜经济分析[C]，中国展望出版社，1989.
[8]陈龙山、张玉山、贲贵春，韩国经济发展轮[C],社会科学文献出版社，1997.
[9]石其宝.中小企业融资模式的制度安排与绩[J]日本的经验分析.特区经济.2009(8).
[10]李宣昭，完善我国中小企业体制的路径研究[D]，中国社会科学院研究生院，2010.
[11]黄嘉聪、邓涵尹，我国中小企业融资问题研究[J]，商业文化（学术版），2007(12).
[12]李惠中，健全我国中小企业融资的一些思考[J],会计之友(中旬刊)，2010(8).
[13]陈小玉.日本中小企业的融资模式及对我国的启示[J],理论界.2011(4).
[14]刘宗歌、李小军，中小企业融资问题及对策——国内外研究综述[J]经济研究导报，2012(10).
[15]陶伶俐，中小企业融资难的现状与思考[J]，市场周刊（理论研究），2006(8).
[16]由丽丹，中小企业融资理论综述[J]山东工商学院学报，2005(5).
[17]秦默、梅强，日韩担保制度简介[J]，财会月刊；2007(23).
[18]闻月春，韩国中小企业金融支持体系及对中国的借鉴[J]，上海金融，2005(8).
[19]马常娥，中小企业：韩国的扶发展及启迪[J]，世界经济与政治论坛，2000(4).
[20]沈炳熙、高圣智，日本中小企业金融政策[J]，金融研究。2002(8).
[21]黄勇，中小企业融资问题及对策研究[J]，商业研究，2011(7).
[22]黄哲国，日本中小企业融资体系研究[D]，中国优秀硕士论文全文数据库，2007.
[23]杨运杰，日本中小企业融资模式对我国的启示[A]理论视野，2007（6）.
[24]张乃力，崔小秀，日本中小企业融资政策有效性分析——市场调节与政府干预的交叉融合[J]，现代日本经济，2008（3）.
[25]孙薇，孙扬，日本中小企业融资经验以及对南京发展民营经济的借鉴[J]，南京社会科学，2005（9）.
[26]尹非，杨望成，日本中小企业融资体系研究[J]，佛山科学技术学院学报，2008（3）.
[27]安静东，日本中小企业融资约束与政策性支援体系研究[D]吉林大学学报，2004（6）.
[28]苏存，日本经济快速发展中的中小企业融资及启示[J]东北亚论坛，2001（2）.
[29]周锐，日本中小企业融资服务体系分析与启示[J]，集团经济研究，2008（10）.
[30]（日）静郎森，日本中小企业融通资金体系[J]，沈光明译，世界经济译丛，1990（4）.
[31]徐子尧，牟德富，日本中小企业融资对策及启示[J]，市场经济研究，2004（6）.
[32]陈坚，韩国银行开展中小企业信贷业务实践及其意义[J]，金融论坛，2006(57).
[33]孙永范，韩国中小企业支援政策研究，吉林大学博士生论文，2003.
[34]杨建生，韩国中小企业融资问题研究，吉林大学硕士生论文，2011.
[35]户也，韩国支持中小企业融资启示录，当代金融家[J]2009(12).
[36]评论员，韩国这样破解中小企业融资难题，中国经营报，2008,10.
[37]林毅夫，李永军，中小金融机构发展与中小企业融资[M]，经济研究.2001.
[38]刘曼红，中国中小企业融资问题研究[M],中国人民大学出版社.2003.
[39]陈晓红，郭声琅，中小企业融资[M]，经济科学出版社，2000.
[40]李崇岩，杨经福.对我国中小企业融资模式探讨[M].江苏统计，2001.
[41]董琼,傅晋豫.我国中小企业融资对策探讨[M].中国软科学.2001.
[42]胡小平主编:，中小企业融资[M]，经济管理出版，2000年第1版.
[43]亚杰，中小企业融资策略[M]，中华工商时报，2002（7）.
[44]徐洪水，金融缺口和交易成本最小化:中小企业融资难题的成因与政策路径，金融研究[M]，2001.
[45]高正平，中小企业融资实务[M]，中国金融出版社.2006.
[46]欧新黔，中小企业融资渠道需拓宽[M]，中小企业融资论坛，2004.
[1]（日）植田浩史，现代的日本中小企业，日本：岩波书店，2004.
[2]（日）日本中小企业厅，中小企业白皮书，2003—2009.
[3] Baumgartner,Frank R,and Bryan D,Jones,1991.”Agenda dynamicsand policysubsystems,”Journal ofpolitics,53—4.
[4] Berman,Sheri,1988,The Social Democratic M0ment:ldeasand Politics in theMaking of lnterwar Europe,Cambridge,Massachusetts:Harvard University Press.
[5] Abrahamson,E,”Managerial Fads and Fashions:The Di ffusion and Rejectionoflnnovations”,Academy ofManagement Review,16,3.586-612,1991.
[6] Francois,Abel.2003,”ThePolitical Entreprenr and the Coordination of thePolitical Peocess:A Market Process Perspective of the Political Market” TheReview of Austrian Economics.16.
[7] Cortell,A,P,and Peterson,S.2001,“Limiting the Unintended Consequences oflnstiutional Change”,Comparative Pol8itical Studies,no,34.
[8] Berger, A, N,(1995),”Relationship Lending and Lines of Credit in Small FirmFinance,”Jounrnal of Business,68,351_382.
[9] Flanery.Asymmelric lnformation and Risky Debt Maturity Choice. The journal ofFinallce Vol [J]，1986.
[10] Dietmar, Harhoff.and Timn, Korting. Lending Relationship in Germany:Empirical Evidence from Survey Data. Journal of Banking and Finance[J],1998.
[11]韩国政策学会，中小企业支援政策分析及支援效率化方案[M]，研究报告书，2007.
[12]韩国开发研究院，中小企业的产业调整及其支援对策的改进方向[M]，研究报告书，1990.
[13]卢宪涉，中小企业政策资金支援的效率性[M],史学社出版，2005.
②陈春玲龙腾，《合作经与科技》2005.10.(51)
③付敏瑞，《科技导刊》2009年.26期2页。
②张修翔，中小企业对经济发展之作用，《中国外资》，2012-03-25.
⑥王书贞：《基于“银企博弈”视角的中小企业融资分析》，载《南京大学学报》2007年第6期，第132页。
①赵长征，房地产上市公司资本结构研究，《东南大学硕士论文》2004-03-22
②丛龙辉，企业融资与资本结构分析，2001-04-25
③施卫东，日本中小企业政策的特点及发展方向，决策借鉴，2001-12-20
⑤日本中小企业政策的特点及发展方向，，市场营销论文-中国范问论文网，2011-11-25.
①陈龙山，韩国经济发展论，社会科学出版社，1997年版，第2页。
②小川雄平、金泳镐等，南朝鲜经济分析，中国展望出版社，1989年版，第131—132页。
③陈龙山。韩国经济发展论，社会科学出版社,1997年版，第3页。
④韩国，李年宰，韩国中小企业政策研究，2011年4月（博士论文42页）
③吴钒、扬旸，日本构建中小企业信用担保体系的经验与启示，商业经济，2010-01-10.
①余熳宁，日本融资模式的发展状况，中国金融-2002-01-10.
③余熳宁，促进日本经济发展的重要模式，中国工商时报，2001-11-06.
④石冠兰，日本融资方式的发展历程及趋势，日本问题研究，2001-12-30.
⑤石冠兰，日本融资方式的发展历程及趋势，日本问题研究，2001-12-30.
②狄娜、顾强，我国中小企业融资现状、问题与对策，中国经济导报2004-10-30.
[1]李扬、杨思群，中小企业融资与银行[M]，上海：上海财经大学出版社，2011.
[2]庞俊涛.浅析日本中小企业融资.现代日本经济.2005(5).
[3]万兴亚，中小企业技术创新与政府政策[M]，北京：人民出版社，2001.
[4]杨汉川、隗中奇，中小企业发展与创新[M],上海：上海财经大学出版社，2001.
[5]中国银行国际金融研究所，日本的银行[M]，北京：中国财政经济出版社，2001.
[6]李丽夏、徐海俊，我国中小企业融资体系研究[M]，北京科学出版社，2005.
[7]小川雄平、金泳稿、赵凤彬主编，南朝鲜经济分析[C]，中国展望出版社，1989.
[8]陈龙山、张玉山、贲贵春，韩国经济发展轮[C],社会科学文献出版社，1997.
[9]石其宝.中小企业融资模式的制度安排与绩[J]日本的经验分析.特区经济.2009(8).
[10]李宣昭，完善我国中小企业体制的路径研究[D]，中国社会科学院研究生院，2010.
[11]黄嘉聪、邓涵尹，我国中小企业融资问题研究[J]，商业文化（学术版），2007(12).
[12]李惠中，健全我国中小企业融资的一些思考[J],会计之友(中旬刊)，2010(8).
[13]陈小玉.日本中小企业的融资模式及对我国的启示[J],理论界.2011(4).
[14]刘宗歌、李小军，中小企业融资问题及对策——国内外研究综述[J]经济研究导报，2012(10).
[15]陶伶俐，中小企业融资难的现状与思考[J]，市场周刊（理论研究），2006(8).
[16]由丽丹，中小企业融资理论综述[J]山东工商学院学报，2005(5).
[17]秦默、梅强，日韩担保制度简介[J]，财会月刊；2007(23).
[18]闻月春，韩国中小企业金融支持体系及对中国的借鉴[J]，上海金融，2005(8).
[19]马常娥，中小企业：韩国的扶发展及启迪[J]，世界经济与政治论坛，2000(4).
[20]沈炳熙、高圣智，日本中小企业金融政策[J]，金融研究。2002(8).
[21]黄勇，中小企业融资问题及对策研究[J]，商业研究，2011(7).
[22]黄哲国，日本中小企业融资体系研究[D]，中国优秀硕士论文全文数据库，2007.
[23]杨运杰，日本中小企业融资模式对我国的启示[A]理论视野，2007（6）.
[24]张乃力，崔小秀，日本中小企业融资政策有效性分析——市场调节与政府干预的交叉融合[J]，现代日本经济，2008（3）.
[25]孙薇，孙扬，日本中小企业融资经验以及对南京发展民营经济的借鉴[J]，南京社会科学，2005（9）.
[26]尹非，杨望成，日本中小企业融资体系研究[J]，佛山科学技术学院学报，2008（3）.
[27]安静东，日本中小企业融资约束与政策性支援体系研究[D]吉林大学学报，2004（6）.
[28]苏存，日本经济快速发展中的中小企业融资及启示[J]东北亚论坛，2001（2）.
[29]周锐，日本中小企业融资服务体系分析与启示[J]，集团经济研究，2008（10）.
[30]（日）静郎森，日本中小企业融通资金体系[J]，沈光明译，世界经济译丛，1990（4）.
[31]徐子尧，牟德富，日本中小企业融资对策及启示[J]，市场经济研究，2004（6）.
[32]陈坚，韩国银行开展中小企业信贷业务实践及其意义[J]，金融论坛，2006(57).
[33]孙永范，韩国中小企业支援政策研究，吉林大学博士生论文，2003.
[34]杨建生，韩国中小企业融资问题研究，吉林大学硕士生论文，2011.
[35]户也，韩国支持中小企业融资启示录，当代金融家[J]2009(12).
[36]评论员，韩国这样破解中小企业融资难题，中国经营报，2008,10.
[37]林毅夫，李永军，中小金融机构发展与中小企业融资[M]，经济研究.2001.
[38]刘曼红，中国中小企业融资问题研究[M],中国人民大学出版社.2003.
[39]陈晓红，郭声琅，中小企业融资[M]，经济科学出版社，2000.
[40]李崇岩，杨经福.对我国中小企业融资模式探讨[M].江苏统计，2001.
[41]董琼,傅晋豫.我国中小企业融资对策探讨[M].中国软科学.2001.
[42]胡小平主编:，中小企业融资[M]，经济管理出版，2000年第1版.
[43]亚杰，中小企业融资策略[M]，中华工商时报，2002（7）.
[44]徐洪水，金融缺口和交易成本最小化:中小企业融资难题的成因与政策路径，金融研究[M]，2001.
[45]高正平，中小企业融资实务[M]，中国金融出版社.2006.
[46]欧新黔，中小企业融资渠道需拓宽[M]，中小企业融资论坛，2004.
[1]（日）植田浩史，现代的日本中小企业，日本：岩波书店，2004.
[2]（日）日本中小企业厅，中小企业白皮书，2003—2009.
[3] Baumgartner,Frank R,and Bryan D,Jones,1991.”Agenda dynamicsand policysubsystems,”Journal ofpolitics,53—4.
[4] Berman,Sheri,1988,The Social Democratic M0ment:ldeasand Politics in theMaking of lnterwar Europe,Cambridge,Massachusetts:Harvard University Press.
[5] Abrahamson,E,”Managerial Fads and Fashions:The Di ffusion and Rejectionoflnnovations”,Academy ofManagement Review,16,3.586-612,1991.
[6] Francois,Abel.2003,”ThePolitical Entreprenr and the Coordination of thePolitical Peocess:A Market Process Perspective of the Political Market” TheReview of Austrian Economics.16.
[7] Cortell,A,P,and Peterson,S.2001,“Limiting the Unintended Consequences oflnstiutional Change”,Comparative Pol8itical Studies,no,34.
[8] Berger, A, N,(1995),”Relationship Lending and Lines of Credit in Small FirmFinance,”Jounrnal of Business,68,351_382.
[9] Flanery.Asymmelric lnformation and Risky Debt Maturity Choice. The journal ofFinallce Vol [J]，1986.
[10] Dietmar, Harhoff.and Timn, Korting. Lending Relationship in Germany:Empirical Evidence from Survey Data. Journal of Banking and Finance[J],1998.
[11]韩国政策学会，中小企业支援政策分析及支援效率化方案[M]，研究报告书，2007.
[12]韩国开发研究院，中小企业的产业调整及其支援对策的改进方向[M]，研究报告书，1990.
[13]卢宪涉，中小企业政策资金支援的效率性[M],史学社出版，2005.
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