长期细颗粒物及其化学成分暴露与动脉粥样硬化亚临床疾病的横断面研究
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摘要
背景：细颗粒物(Fine Particulate Matter, PM2.5)室外浓度已经证实与心血管疾病有联系。PM2.5暴露的效应有可能是因为PM的化学成分而造成的。
目的：探讨PM2.5及其化学成分对亚临床心血管效应的作用。
方法：使用“动脉粥样硬化多种族研究队列(Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis[MESA]))基线资料(2000年-2002年)进行横断面分析,PM2.5及其化学成分(元素碳elemental carbon [EC]［有机碳organic carbon [OC]］硅[silicon]和硫[sulfur])与动脉粥样硬化亚临床指标,冠状动脉钙化(coronary artery calcium [CAC]),和颈动脉中层厚度(carotid intima-media thickness [CIMT])之间的联系。研究对象由6,256名45-84岁未患临床心血管疾病的成人组成。使用3种方法估计PM成分暴露浓度：1)最近监测点(首要方法)；2)反距离权重法(Inverse Distance Weighting, IDW);3)城市内部平均值。分别使用B超和CT检测CIMT和CAC,依据以往的研究结果,结合调查问卷获取的相关协变量信息,分析PM2.5及其成分与亚临床心血管疾病的关系。
结果：最近监测点估计暴露时,OC与CIMT的联系有统计学意义,但是与PM2.5、EC、silicon和sulfur的联系没有统计学意义。在其他方法估计暴露时也观察到了某些联系,尤其是silicon,尽管这种联系并不是始终如一的。未见PM2.5及其化学成分与CAC(是否存在冠状动脉钙化或者冠状动脉钙化的程度)的联系。敏感性分析中,某些结果对研究城市的调整比较敏感。
结论：主要方法(最近监测点和Model1)估计的OC与CIMT的增加之间的联系有统计学意义;同时,使用第二种方法(IDW),OC与CIMT也存在着有统计学意义的联系。PM2.5化学成分的组成对PM暴露对动脉粥样硬化的效应是一个重要的因素。
Background. Concentrations of outdoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) have been associated with cardiovascular disease. Effects of exposure to PM2.5may be due to PM chemical composition.
Methods. Using data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) collected at baseline (2000-2002), cross-sectional associations of PM2.5and PM2.5components (elemental carbon [EC], organic carbon [OC], silicon and sulfur) with measures of subclinical atherosclerosis (coronary artery calcium [CAC] and carotid intima-media thickness [CIMT]) were investigated in6,256US adults without clinical cardiovascular disease. PM component exposures were estimated in three ways using MESA fixed monitoring data:(1) nearest monitor (the primary approach);(2) inverse-distance monitor weighting (IDW); and (3) city-wide average.
Results. Using the exposure estimate based on nearest monitor, CIMT was positively associated with OC, but not with PM2.5total mass, EC, silicon or sulfur. Other associations were also seen with some of the other approaches to estimating exposure, especially for Silicon, although these were not entirely consistent. None of the PM measures were associated with either the presence or extent of CAC. In sensitivity analyses, some findings were sensitive to control for sonographer
Conclusion. Of the PM2.5components, only OC was associated with increased CIMT; OC was also associated with CIMT using secondary approaches to estimating exposure. PM2.5chemical composition may be important in determining the effect of PM exposure on atherosclerosis.
目的：探讨PM2.5及其化学成分对亚临床心血管效应的作用。
方法：使用“动脉粥样硬化多种族研究队列(Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis[MESA]))基线资料(2000年-2002年)进行横断面分析,PM2.5及其化学成分(元素碳elemental carbon [EC]［有机碳organic carbon [OC]］硅[silicon]和硫[sulfur])与动脉粥样硬化亚临床指标,冠状动脉钙化(coronary artery calcium [CAC]),和颈动脉中层厚度(carotid intima-media thickness [CIMT])之间的联系。研究对象由6,256名45-84岁未患临床心血管疾病的成人组成。使用3种方法估计PM成分暴露浓度：1)最近监测点(首要方法)；2)反距离权重法(Inverse Distance Weighting, IDW);3)城市内部平均值。分别使用B超和CT检测CIMT和CAC,依据以往的研究结果,结合调查问卷获取的相关协变量信息,分析PM2.5及其成分与亚临床心血管疾病的关系。
结果：最近监测点估计暴露时,OC与CIMT的联系有统计学意义,但是与PM2.5、EC、silicon和sulfur的联系没有统计学意义。在其他方法估计暴露时也观察到了某些联系,尤其是silicon,尽管这种联系并不是始终如一的。未见PM2.5及其化学成分与CAC(是否存在冠状动脉钙化或者冠状动脉钙化的程度)的联系。敏感性分析中,某些结果对研究城市的调整比较敏感。
结论：主要方法(最近监测点和Model1)估计的OC与CIMT的增加之间的联系有统计学意义;同时,使用第二种方法(IDW),OC与CIMT也存在着有统计学意义的联系。PM2.5化学成分的组成对PM暴露对动脉粥样硬化的效应是一个重要的因素。
Background. Concentrations of outdoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) have been associated with cardiovascular disease. Effects of exposure to PM2.5may be due to PM chemical composition.
Methods. Using data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) collected at baseline (2000-2002), cross-sectional associations of PM2.5and PM2.5components (elemental carbon [EC], organic carbon [OC], silicon and sulfur) with measures of subclinical atherosclerosis (coronary artery calcium [CAC] and carotid intima-media thickness [CIMT]) were investigated in6,256US adults without clinical cardiovascular disease. PM component exposures were estimated in three ways using MESA fixed monitoring data:(1) nearest monitor (the primary approach);(2) inverse-distance monitor weighting (IDW); and (3) city-wide average.
Results. Using the exposure estimate based on nearest monitor, CIMT was positively associated with OC, but not with PM2.5total mass, EC, silicon or sulfur. Other associations were also seen with some of the other approaches to estimating exposure, especially for Silicon, although these were not entirely consistent. None of the PM measures were associated with either the presence or extent of CAC. In sensitivity analyses, some findings were sensitive to control for sonographer
Conclusion. Of the PM2.5components, only OC was associated with increased CIMT; OC was also associated with CIMT using secondary approaches to estimating exposure. PM2.5chemical composition may be important in determining the effect of PM exposure on atherosclerosis.
引文
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