创新资源视角下的创新型城市成长研究
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摘要
城市是增强我国国际竞争力的关键所在,是加快我国经济发展的高效发动机,建设创新型城市是增强我国自主创新能力的必经之路,是建设创新型国家的突破口和着力点。当前我国经济正处于转型发展的关键期,面对日益严峻的环境和资源约束,在激烈的国际竞争中,要保持我国经济持续快速的发展势头,必然要转变经济增长方式。城市由于自身的先天优势,通过经济实力强劲的城市率先探索增强自主创新能力的发展道路,探寻有中国特色的创新型城市建设道路,是时代赋予的艰巨任务和历史使命,是实现中华民族伟大复兴的关键所在。
党的“十七大”报告、《国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要(2006—2020)》和《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划的建议》纷纷强调科技进步和创新是加快转变经济发展方式的重要支撑。伴随着我国建设创新型国家帷幕的拉开,全国各地城市掀起了建设创新型城市的浪潮。在科技部、国家发展和改革委员会开展国家创新型城市试点工作后,创新型城市建设的高潮在全国各地此起彼伏。然而我国对创新型城市的研究尚处于起步阶段,尚未形成成熟的理论体系。基于此,为完善我国创新型城市基本理论,开展创新型城市成长的系统研究,具有极其重要的理论意义和实践意义。
本文通过多学科交叉研究,综合运用多种实证方法,从创新资源的视角出发,系统研究了创新型城市成长的动力、路径、进程和耦合机制等问题。主要研究内容如下：
(1)通过对现有创新型城市定义的归纳总结,从创新资源的视角界定了创新型城市的定义,明确了创新型城市的基本特征；构建了城市创新资源系统,并采用系统动力学的研究方法,运用因果关系图和系统流图刻画创新资源系统的演化模式,探明创新型城市的创新资源系统的微观作用机理。
(2)从内外两个角度明确了创新型城市成长的动力来源,采用系统动力学的分析方法,从内部动力系统和外部动力系统,探明了创新型城市成长动力影响因素之间的微观作用机理；在此基础上,结合统计数据的可得性,选取相关指标,综合运用因子分析、单位根检验、协整检验、Granger因果关系检验、脉冲响应函数进行深入研究。
(3)从创新资源在城市创新系统的演化阶段出发,归纳了创新型城市成长路径的模式,并选择在我国具有普遍代表意义的成长路径模式进行深入分析,通过构建创新型城市的三螺旋模型,运用演化博弈方法,探讨了创新型城市成长的路径演化；在此基础上,运用Matlab软件进行了模拟仿真研究；并采用计量经济学的相关分析方法,从影响创新型城市成长的内外部因素出发,运用实证的方法验证了创新型城市成长的路径依赖问题。
(4)通过借鉴产业经济学的SCP经典范式,构建了创新型城市成长的RCP范式；运用创新型城市成长的Logistic模型,通过实证的研究方法,验证了创新型城市成长的生命周期,并划分了创新型城市的成长阶段；通过构建创新型城市成长影响因素的三维模型,从创新主体、创新资源和创新环境三个维度进行实证分析,并运用实证和动态分析的方法验证了创新型成长的主导因素。
(5)从内部创新资源和外部创新环境两个角度,构建了创新型城市成长的内外耦合模型,综合运用典型相关分析、因子分析、单位根检验、Granger因果关系检验、脉冲响应函数等方法,对城市创新型城市成长的内在耦合关联机制和外在耦合关联机制进行实证研究。
City is the key to enhance our international competitiveness, which is the efficient engines to accelerate the economic development of our country, and building an innovative city is the only way to enhance China's capacity for independent innovation, which is the breakthrough point and focus to build an innovative country. Current critical period of the development of the economy is in transition in our country, facing the increasingly serious environmental and resource constraints, in the fierce international competition, to maintain our country economy sustained and rapid development trends, inevitably changing the pattern of economic growth. City dues to the advantages of itself, taking the lead in exploration to enhance the independent innovation ability of development path through the city whose economic strength is powerful, exploring the innovative city construction with Chinese characteristics, is the era have entrusted to the enormity of the task and historic mission, which is the key to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Report on the party's "17","the national program for long-and medium-term scientific and technological development (2006-2020)" and "the suggestion on making national economy and social development12th five years plan by the central committee of the communist party of China ", emphasis on scientific and technological progress and innovation which are the key support to accelerate transformation of the mode of economic development. Cities across the country raise a tide of constructing innovative city along with our country pulling back the curtain of constructing innovative country. After the ministry of science and technology, national development and reform commission carrying out the pilot work of national innovative city, the climax of innovative city construction all over the country. However, the study of innovative city is still in its infancy in our country, which has not formed mature theory system. Based on this, to perfect the basic theory of innovative city in our country, developing innovative city growth system research, has extremely important theoretical significance and practical significance.
Through multidisciplinary crossover study, integrated using of various empirical methods, starting from the perspective of innovation resources, we study the dynamic of innovative city growth, paths, process and the coupling mechanism systematically.The main research content is as follows:
(1) Based on the existing definition of innovative city, from the perspective of innovation resource, defining the definition of innovative city, making clear the basic characteristics of innovative city. Constructing the city innovation resources system, and using the research method of system dynamics by cause and effect diagram and system flow diagram depicting the evolution of the system of innovation resource mode, provening the micro mechanism of the city innovation resource system in the innovative city.
(2) From the viewpoints of both inside and outside the power source of innovative city growth, adopting the method of system dynamics, proving the factors that affect innovative city growth momentum between the microcosmic mechanism from the external and internal power system dynamic system; On this basis, Combined with the availability of statistical data, selecting relevant indicators, comprehensive use of factor analysis, unit root test, cointegration test, Granger causality test, impulse response function for further research.
(3) From the innovation resources in the evolutionary stages of city innovation system, we sum up the innovative patterns of city growth path, and select the general representative significance in China's growth path model to analyze. By constructing an innovative city three spiral model, using the evolutionary game method, discussing the evolution path of innovative city growth; On this basis, using the Matlab software to carry on the simulation research; and using the econometrics method, from internal and external factors affecting the innovative city growth, using of empirical methods to verify the path dependence problem of innovative city growth.
(4) By drawing from classic SCP paradigm of industrial economics, constructing the RCP paradigm of innovative city growth; Using the Logistic model of innovative city growth, through the empirical research methods, verifying the life cycle of an innovative city growth, and dividing into the growth stage of innovative city; by constructing three dimensional model for the factors of innovative city growth in this paper, using empirical analysis of three dimensions, the innovation subject, innovation resources and innovation environment; using the dynamic analysis method to explore the factors affecting innovative city growth and the growth performance of the long-term trend.
(5) From the internal resources and external innovation environment aspects, building inside and outside coupling model of the innovative city growth, Canonical correlation analysis, factor analysis, unit root test, comprehensive use of Granger causality test and impulse responses function methods to research the inner coupling relation and outer coupling correlation mechanism of innovative city growth mechanism.
党的“十七大”报告、《国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要(2006—2020)》和《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划的建议》纷纷强调科技进步和创新是加快转变经济发展方式的重要支撑。伴随着我国建设创新型国家帷幕的拉开,全国各地城市掀起了建设创新型城市的浪潮。在科技部、国家发展和改革委员会开展国家创新型城市试点工作后,创新型城市建设的高潮在全国各地此起彼伏。然而我国对创新型城市的研究尚处于起步阶段,尚未形成成熟的理论体系。基于此,为完善我国创新型城市基本理论,开展创新型城市成长的系统研究,具有极其重要的理论意义和实践意义。
本文通过多学科交叉研究,综合运用多种实证方法,从创新资源的视角出发,系统研究了创新型城市成长的动力、路径、进程和耦合机制等问题。主要研究内容如下：
(1)通过对现有创新型城市定义的归纳总结,从创新资源的视角界定了创新型城市的定义,明确了创新型城市的基本特征；构建了城市创新资源系统,并采用系统动力学的研究方法,运用因果关系图和系统流图刻画创新资源系统的演化模式,探明创新型城市的创新资源系统的微观作用机理。
(2)从内外两个角度明确了创新型城市成长的动力来源,采用系统动力学的分析方法,从内部动力系统和外部动力系统,探明了创新型城市成长动力影响因素之间的微观作用机理；在此基础上,结合统计数据的可得性,选取相关指标,综合运用因子分析、单位根检验、协整检验、Granger因果关系检验、脉冲响应函数进行深入研究。
(3)从创新资源在城市创新系统的演化阶段出发,归纳了创新型城市成长路径的模式,并选择在我国具有普遍代表意义的成长路径模式进行深入分析,通过构建创新型城市的三螺旋模型,运用演化博弈方法,探讨了创新型城市成长的路径演化；在此基础上,运用Matlab软件进行了模拟仿真研究；并采用计量经济学的相关分析方法,从影响创新型城市成长的内外部因素出发,运用实证的方法验证了创新型城市成长的路径依赖问题。
(4)通过借鉴产业经济学的SCP经典范式,构建了创新型城市成长的RCP范式；运用创新型城市成长的Logistic模型,通过实证的研究方法,验证了创新型城市成长的生命周期,并划分了创新型城市的成长阶段；通过构建创新型城市成长影响因素的三维模型,从创新主体、创新资源和创新环境三个维度进行实证分析,并运用实证和动态分析的方法验证了创新型成长的主导因素。
(5)从内部创新资源和外部创新环境两个角度,构建了创新型城市成长的内外耦合模型,综合运用典型相关分析、因子分析、单位根检验、Granger因果关系检验、脉冲响应函数等方法,对城市创新型城市成长的内在耦合关联机制和外在耦合关联机制进行实证研究。
City is the key to enhance our international competitiveness, which is the efficient engines to accelerate the economic development of our country, and building an innovative city is the only way to enhance China's capacity for independent innovation, which is the breakthrough point and focus to build an innovative country. Current critical period of the development of the economy is in transition in our country, facing the increasingly serious environmental and resource constraints, in the fierce international competition, to maintain our country economy sustained and rapid development trends, inevitably changing the pattern of economic growth. City dues to the advantages of itself, taking the lead in exploration to enhance the independent innovation ability of development path through the city whose economic strength is powerful, exploring the innovative city construction with Chinese characteristics, is the era have entrusted to the enormity of the task and historic mission, which is the key to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Report on the party's "17","the national program for long-and medium-term scientific and technological development (2006-2020)" and "the suggestion on making national economy and social development12th five years plan by the central committee of the communist party of China ", emphasis on scientific and technological progress and innovation which are the key support to accelerate transformation of the mode of economic development. Cities across the country raise a tide of constructing innovative city along with our country pulling back the curtain of constructing innovative country. After the ministry of science and technology, national development and reform commission carrying out the pilot work of national innovative city, the climax of innovative city construction all over the country. However, the study of innovative city is still in its infancy in our country, which has not formed mature theory system. Based on this, to perfect the basic theory of innovative city in our country, developing innovative city growth system research, has extremely important theoretical significance and practical significance.
Through multidisciplinary crossover study, integrated using of various empirical methods, starting from the perspective of innovation resources, we study the dynamic of innovative city growth, paths, process and the coupling mechanism systematically.The main research content is as follows:
(1) Based on the existing definition of innovative city, from the perspective of innovation resource, defining the definition of innovative city, making clear the basic characteristics of innovative city. Constructing the city innovation resources system, and using the research method of system dynamics by cause and effect diagram and system flow diagram depicting the evolution of the system of innovation resource mode, provening the micro mechanism of the city innovation resource system in the innovative city.
(2) From the viewpoints of both inside and outside the power source of innovative city growth, adopting the method of system dynamics, proving the factors that affect innovative city growth momentum between the microcosmic mechanism from the external and internal power system dynamic system; On this basis, Combined with the availability of statistical data, selecting relevant indicators, comprehensive use of factor analysis, unit root test, cointegration test, Granger causality test, impulse response function for further research.
(3) From the innovation resources in the evolutionary stages of city innovation system, we sum up the innovative patterns of city growth path, and select the general representative significance in China's growth path model to analyze. By constructing an innovative city three spiral model, using the evolutionary game method, discussing the evolution path of innovative city growth; On this basis, using the Matlab software to carry on the simulation research; and using the econometrics method, from internal and external factors affecting the innovative city growth, using of empirical methods to verify the path dependence problem of innovative city growth.
(4) By drawing from classic SCP paradigm of industrial economics, constructing the RCP paradigm of innovative city growth; Using the Logistic model of innovative city growth, through the empirical research methods, verifying the life cycle of an innovative city growth, and dividing into the growth stage of innovative city; by constructing three dimensional model for the factors of innovative city growth in this paper, using empirical analysis of three dimensions, the innovation subject, innovation resources and innovation environment; using the dynamic analysis method to explore the factors affecting innovative city growth and the growth performance of the long-term trend.
(5) From the internal resources and external innovation environment aspects, building inside and outside coupling model of the innovative city growth, Canonical correlation analysis, factor analysis, unit root test, comprehensive use of Granger causality test and impulse responses function methods to research the inner coupling relation and outer coupling correlation mechanism of innovative city growth mechanism.
引文
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