CFRP约束混凝土圆柱强度及变形特性研究
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摘要
纤维增强复合材料(FRP)由于具有高比强度(强度与重量之比)和良好的耐久性等优势被广泛地应用于混凝土结构加固中,其中一个主要应用是对混凝土柱的加固补强。目前,大部分研究集中在较小尺寸混凝土圆柱(如(?)150×300mm)的轴压性能上,而且提出的模型也主要是建立在小尺寸柱试验数据基础上的,而实际工程中大尺寸混凝土柱的应用更为广泛,所以由小尺寸柱得到的结论及模型是否同样适用于大尺寸柱,即FRP约束混凝土柱的强度、极限应变和应力-应变关系等是否具有尺寸效应,是一个非常重要的问题。虽然有的学者对FRP约束混凝土进行了尺寸效应研究,但没有对强度比f'cc/fco'o应变比εc。/εco和归一化的应力-应变关系等做全面的讨论,或者只采用一种尺寸未约束混凝土柱的f'co和εco作为参考值来研究。本文采用相应尺寸未约束圆柱的f'co和ε∞作为参考值,对碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)约束混凝土圆柱的强度、极限应变和应力-应变关系的尺寸效应进行了全面的研究,详细讨论了fcc'/fco'、εcc/εco和归一化的应力-应变关系,简要分析了圆柱的体积应变和剪胀率,根据无尺寸效应的结论建立了FRP约束混凝土圆柱的应力-应变关系分析模型和设计模型。本文的主要研究工作如下：
(1)对24个不同尺寸的混凝上圆柱(12个CFRP布约束柱,12个对比柱)进行了强度、极限应变和应力-应变关系的尺寸效应研究,圆柱包括(?)100×200mm、(?)200×400mm和(?)300x600mm三种尺寸,其中小、中等和大尺寸圆柱分别外包1、2和3层CFRP布,以保证每个圆柱的侧向约束力相等。试验结果表明,约束混凝土圆柱的强度比f'cc/f'co、应变比εcc/εco。和归一化的应力-应变关系没有尺寸效应,圆柱尺寸对体积应变和极限剪胀率也没有影响。
(2)基于应力-应变关系与应力路径无关的假设,建立了应力-应变关系分析模型,其中包括目前预测精度最高的主动约束混凝土的理论强度模型和系数化简的素混凝土轴向应变-侧向应变关系(由Pantazopoulou等人提出,Lee等人改进),根据Lee等人的混凝土应力-应变曲线割线刚度与约束无关的结论,采用增量法计算得到FRP约束混凝土的轴向和侧向应力-应变关系。另外通过大量试验数据的统计,得出FRP布的应变有效系数kε=εj,u/εf,r=0.66,并将该结论作为FRP约束柱的极限状态,采用应力-应变分析模型计算418条应力-应变曲线的强度f'cc,最后拟合得到FRP约束混凝土圆柱的强度预测模型。
(3)提出的应力-应变关系设计模型采用了抛物线加直线的两段式表达,模型的最大优势是对极限状态(f'cc和εcc)的预测,通过对418个FRP约束混凝土圆柱试验数据的回归得到强度模型,然后利用约束混凝土的极限泊松比v。来计算极限应变εcc,最后将强度模型和极限应变模型应用于应力-应变关系的预测。通过与其他设计模型在强度f'cc、极限应变εc。、应力-应变曲线第二段的斜率E2以及曲线下的面积A等几方面的对比后发现,本文设计模型具有较高的精度。
Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have been increasingly applied to strengthen concrete structures due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and high corrosion resistance. One important application of FRP is the rehabilitation and strengthening for the concrete columns. At present, most investigations focus on the axial behavior of small size concrete cylinders (e.g.(?)150×300mm) and many models are proposed on test data of such size cylinders. However, large size concrete columns are more popularly used in practical engineering. It is unclear whether the conclusions and models developed on small scale cylinders are appropriate for large scale columns. Therefore, size effect of FRP-confined concrete cylinders in axial compression is still an open issue. Although some investigators studied how cylinder size affects the compressive behavior, comprehensive analysis including strength gain fcc'/fco',ductility εcc/εco and normalized stress-strain relationship has not been conducted yet, or only test data of one size cylinder has been treated as the reference value in their studies. This paper aims to clarify the size effect of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP)-confined concrete cylinders in axial compression, including the influence of cylinder size on fcc'/fco',εcc/εco and normalized stress-strain relationship as well as volumetric strain and dilation rate. Subsequently, both an analysis-oriented and a design-oriented stress-strain model are proposed based on the conclusion of non-size effect for FRP-confined cylinders. The research results in this dissertation are as follows:
(1) A total of12CFRP-confined cylinders and12unconfined cylinders were conducted in this experiment. All the cylinders have three sizes including (?)100×200mm,(?)200×400mm and (?)300×600mm. The small-, medium-and large-size cylinders are wrapped with1,2and3plies CFRP to give the same lateral confining stress for each specimen. The experimental results show that there is no size effect for strength gain fcc'/fco', ductility εcc/εco normalized stress-strain relationship as well as volumetric strain and ultimate dilation rate.
(2) Based on the assumption of stress-strain relationship being independent on stress path, an analysis-oriented stress-strain model, containing a theoretical strength model for actively confined concrete with highest precision and a simplified axial strain-lateral strain relationship originally proposed by Pantazopoulou et al and later improved by Lee et al, is developed. According to the conclusion made by Lee and Hegemier that the secant stiffness of stress-strain curve is independent of lateral confinement, the axial and lateral stress-strain relationship of FRP-confined cylinders is obtained through incremental calculation. In addition, the strain efficiency factor kε=0.66is determined by the statistical analysis based on extensive test data. And a predicted strength model is developed through the regression of418calculating values of fcc' regarding kε0.66as the ultimate state of calculation.
(3) The proposed design-oriented stress-strain model in this paper consists of a parabolic curve followed by a straight line. The superiority of the design model is the predicted precision of the ultimate state (i.e., fcc' and εcc). The empirical strength model is proposed by the regression of418test points of fcc' and the ultimate strain model is developed through the relationship between ultimate Poisson's ratio vu and ultimate strain scc of FRP-confined concrete. The developed design model and other design models are compared in the prediction of strength fcc', ultimate strain scc, the slope of the second portion of the stress-strain curve E2and the area below the stress-strain curve, which shows the high accuracy for the design model in this paper.
(1)对24个不同尺寸的混凝上圆柱(12个CFRP布约束柱,12个对比柱)进行了强度、极限应变和应力-应变关系的尺寸效应研究,圆柱包括(?)100×200mm、(?)200×400mm和(?)300x600mm三种尺寸,其中小、中等和大尺寸圆柱分别外包1、2和3层CFRP布,以保证每个圆柱的侧向约束力相等。试验结果表明,约束混凝土圆柱的强度比f'cc/f'co、应变比εcc/εco。和归一化的应力-应变关系没有尺寸效应,圆柱尺寸对体积应变和极限剪胀率也没有影响。
(2)基于应力-应变关系与应力路径无关的假设,建立了应力-应变关系分析模型,其中包括目前预测精度最高的主动约束混凝土的理论强度模型和系数化简的素混凝土轴向应变-侧向应变关系(由Pantazopoulou等人提出,Lee等人改进),根据Lee等人的混凝土应力-应变曲线割线刚度与约束无关的结论,采用增量法计算得到FRP约束混凝土的轴向和侧向应力-应变关系。另外通过大量试验数据的统计,得出FRP布的应变有效系数kε=εj,u/εf,r=0.66,并将该结论作为FRP约束柱的极限状态,采用应力-应变分析模型计算418条应力-应变曲线的强度f'cc,最后拟合得到FRP约束混凝土圆柱的强度预测模型。
(3)提出的应力-应变关系设计模型采用了抛物线加直线的两段式表达,模型的最大优势是对极限状态(f'cc和εcc)的预测,通过对418个FRP约束混凝土圆柱试验数据的回归得到强度模型,然后利用约束混凝土的极限泊松比v。来计算极限应变εcc,最后将强度模型和极限应变模型应用于应力-应变关系的预测。通过与其他设计模型在强度f'cc、极限应变εc。、应力-应变曲线第二段的斜率E2以及曲线下的面积A等几方面的对比后发现,本文设计模型具有较高的精度。
Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have been increasingly applied to strengthen concrete structures due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and high corrosion resistance. One important application of FRP is the rehabilitation and strengthening for the concrete columns. At present, most investigations focus on the axial behavior of small size concrete cylinders (e.g.(?)150×300mm) and many models are proposed on test data of such size cylinders. However, large size concrete columns are more popularly used in practical engineering. It is unclear whether the conclusions and models developed on small scale cylinders are appropriate for large scale columns. Therefore, size effect of FRP-confined concrete cylinders in axial compression is still an open issue. Although some investigators studied how cylinder size affects the compressive behavior, comprehensive analysis including strength gain fcc'/fco',ductility εcc/εco and normalized stress-strain relationship has not been conducted yet, or only test data of one size cylinder has been treated as the reference value in their studies. This paper aims to clarify the size effect of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP)-confined concrete cylinders in axial compression, including the influence of cylinder size on fcc'/fco',εcc/εco and normalized stress-strain relationship as well as volumetric strain and dilation rate. Subsequently, both an analysis-oriented and a design-oriented stress-strain model are proposed based on the conclusion of non-size effect for FRP-confined cylinders. The research results in this dissertation are as follows:
(1) A total of12CFRP-confined cylinders and12unconfined cylinders were conducted in this experiment. All the cylinders have three sizes including (?)100×200mm,(?)200×400mm and (?)300×600mm. The small-, medium-and large-size cylinders are wrapped with1,2and3plies CFRP to give the same lateral confining stress for each specimen. The experimental results show that there is no size effect for strength gain fcc'/fco', ductility εcc/εco normalized stress-strain relationship as well as volumetric strain and ultimate dilation rate.
(2) Based on the assumption of stress-strain relationship being independent on stress path, an analysis-oriented stress-strain model, containing a theoretical strength model for actively confined concrete with highest precision and a simplified axial strain-lateral strain relationship originally proposed by Pantazopoulou et al and later improved by Lee et al, is developed. According to the conclusion made by Lee and Hegemier that the secant stiffness of stress-strain curve is independent of lateral confinement, the axial and lateral stress-strain relationship of FRP-confined cylinders is obtained through incremental calculation. In addition, the strain efficiency factor kε=0.66is determined by the statistical analysis based on extensive test data. And a predicted strength model is developed through the regression of418calculating values of fcc' regarding kε0.66as the ultimate state of calculation.
(3) The proposed design-oriented stress-strain model in this paper consists of a parabolic curve followed by a straight line. The superiority of the design model is the predicted precision of the ultimate state (i.e., fcc' and εcc). The empirical strength model is proposed by the regression of418test points of fcc' and the ultimate strain model is developed through the relationship between ultimate Poisson's ratio vu and ultimate strain scc of FRP-confined concrete. The developed design model and other design models are compared in the prediction of strength fcc', ultimate strain scc, the slope of the second portion of the stress-strain curve E2and the area below the stress-strain curve, which shows the high accuracy for the design model in this paper.
引文
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