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轧机扭振建模及预测算法的研究
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摘要
预测轧机在各类因素下的低频扭振突变失稳,是提高轧制生产效率和产品质量的关键。课题在国家十五科技攻关“大型宽带钢冷连轧成套设备研制及轧机主传动系统扭振关键技术问题的研究及应用(批准号:ZZ02-13B-02-03-1)”的资助下,深入开展了轧机扭振建模和扭振预测算法的研究,通过揭示轧机的渐发性扭振和突发性扭振的发生及演化机理,形成了实现轧机扭振性态判别的预测算法。
     课题在连续集值和微分包含的框架下,设计了从拓扑集值到微分包含再回到拓扑集值的研究思想,对轧机扭振实施预测的研究方法。
     首先,在连续拓扑集值的框架下,通过把轧机扭振的力矩和转角位移看作系统的输入输出信号,综合运用系统动力学和拓扑理论构建了轧机在复杂非线性工况下的全局耦合统一模型,获得了定量描述模态降阶的轧机扭振的系统灵敏度和局部灵敏度计算公式;在微分包含的框架下,通过解析轧机扭振在各类典型工程载荷下的动态响应,揭示出轧机扭振的演化机制,形成轧机扭振性态预测的定量分析方法。实现了对轧机扭振拓扑网络输出的模糊评判和估计识别。
     其次,用定性的方法研究了分岔及分岔点的平衡位置,通过追踪分岔解,研究了轧机扭振平衡点失稳后的振动性态以及在各参数区域内稳态振动的形式,使非线性轧机扭振周期系统同一频率上多个解的稳定收敛问题获得解决,获得了轧机扭振的运动稳定性准则和结构稳定性准则,形成了轧机扭振稳定性预测的定性方法。
     进一步,将信号的统计特征提取和拓扑网络的融合思想有机结合,构建了实现轧机扭振的系统预测算法和局部预测算法,包括:扭振拓扑网络的系统预测算法、单一轴段扭振局部预测算法、转速波动级数解耦的扭振局部预测算法、模式平面特征量提取的局部预测算法。上述各算法可分别实现轧机扭振系统中不同层次和不同部位的扭振定量预测及综合评价。
     最后,在扭振实验平台上设计制作试验件和搭建传感测量系统,验证了课题所研究的轧机扭振相关理论和扭振预测算法的正确性、可行性和有效性。
It had been a keypoint of increasing production efficiency and updating product quality that predicting the buckling mechanics induced by low-frequency torsional mutational load acting on rotational spindle of the rolling mill’s main driving systems. The project was supported by the National Significiant Tackle Key Problem for 10th-5-year Plan of China (Research on torsional vibration of the rolling mill.Grant No.ZZ02-13B-02-03-1). By means of modeling and studing torsional vibration’s prediction algorithm, the buckling and evolvement mechanics was revealed which describing the course of gradually happening or paroxysmal torsional vibration of the rolling mill. The prediction algorithm was formed that realized distinguishing property and character of torsional vibration. The main contents are as follows:
     A systematic research means had been designed under the frame of continuous topology set-valued and differential systems. In the course of from topology set-valued to differential inclusion and again to topology set-valued, the prediction algorithm of the rolling mill’s torsional vibration had been gradually formed and perfected.
     Firstly, under the frame of the continuous topology set-valued, global coupling uniform model was established including complex nonlinear operating mode and complex configuration about rolling mill's main driving systems, utilizing systematic dynamics and topology dynamical system theory , which as well the torque and torsional angular displacement as systematic input and output signal. And the calculation equation of system’s and local’s torsional vibration sensitivity was gained. Under the frame of differential inclusion, quantitative calculation prediction algorithm of the rolling mill’s torsional vibration was achieved. Furthermore the evoluting mechanics of mutation torsional vibration was revealed, through studying response characteristic of torsional vibration of the rolling mill in different outside motivation nature and different boundary initial condition in the rolling processing. It realized fuzzy evaluation and estimate identify of the torsional vibration topology network system’s output of the rolling mill. Secondly, the bifurcation and it’s balance and stability position using qualitative methods was studied. The torsional vibration condition and it’s form of stability solution was explored after the balance position buckling, by tracing bifurcation solution. It solved the stable convergence of several suloutions on identical frequency band in nonlinear periodic system of torsional vibration system, and gained kinematic stability criterion and structure stability criterion of the rolling mill’s torsional vibration system. The qualitative methods of torsional vibration stability predicition was gradually formed in the course of the research.
     Thirdly, by associativing the statistical characteristics extracting and topology network fusion idea, the study estabilished network integration predicition algorithm on the rolling mill’s torsional vibration, including torsional vibration topology network systematic predicition algorithm, single shaft sector local predicition algorithm , speed fluctuation series decoupling decomposed local predicition algorithm, extracting signal characteristic and it's quickly calculation local predicition algorithm. These algorithms could realize quantitative predicition and synthesis evaluating the torsional vibration in different level and location of the rolling mill.
     Finally, in order to make the predicition algorithms of the rolling mill’s torsional vibration to pravtice and application, the research designed and manufacture fault source test workingpieces, and layout measurement system. And the dynamic experiment was finished on the torsional vibration analogue platform. The feasibility and effectivity of studied were verified about mentioned above related theory or algorithm.
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    142 Liau Leo Chau-Kuang, Yang Thomas Chung-Kuang, Tsai Ming Te. Expert system of a crude oil distillation unit for process optimization using neural networks. Expert Systems with Applications, 2004, 26(2): 247-255
    143 Chen AnPin, Chen MuYen. Integrating extended classifier system and knowledge extraction model for financial investment prediction: An empirical study. Expert Systems with Applications, 2006, 31(1): 174-183
    144 Theodossiades S, Gnanakumarr M, Rahnejat H. Combined multi-body dynamics, structural modal analysis, and boundary element method to predict multi-physics interactions of driveline clonk. Multi-Body Dynamics: Monitoring and Simulation Techniques-III, 2004: 373-387
    145 Lu Jian-Chang, Niu Dong-Xiao, Jia Zheng Yuan. A study of short-term load forecasting based on ARIMA-ANN. Proceedings of 2004 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, 2004, 5: 3185-3187
    146 Larsson Erik K, Larsson Erik G. The CRB for parameter estimation in irregularly sampled continuous-time ARMA systems. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, PART II, 2004, 11(2): 197-200
    147 D.F.Shi, F.Tsung, P.J.Unsworth. Adaptive time–frequency decomposition for transient vibration monitoring of rotating machinery. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 2004, 18: 127-141
    148 Karl M.Reichard, Mike Van Dyke, Ken Maynard. Application of sensor fusion and signal classification techniques in a distributed machinery condition monitoring system.Proceedings of SPIE The International Society for Optical Engineering Apr 25-Apr 28 2000: 329-336.
    149 Wang Wilson Q, Golnaraghi M Farid, Ismail Fathy. Prognosis of machine health condition using neuro-fuzzy systems. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 2004, 18(4): 813-831
    150 曹树谦.振动分析理论、实验与应用. 天津:天津大学出版社, 2001: 89-100
    151 陈安华, 刘德顺.振动诊断的动力学理论与方法.北京:机械工业出版社,2002: 123-147
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    153 [美]E. O 多比林. 系统建模与响应—理论及实验方法.米骥北,熊诗波译.北京:机械工业出版社, 1987: 55-78
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    155 徐玉秀, 张剑, 侯荣涛.机械系统动力学分形特征及故障诊断方法.北京:国防工业出版社, 2006:89-99
    156 Bar Adam, Swiatoniowski Andrzej. Interdependence between the rolling speed and non-linear

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