荆条蜂胶化学成分及降糖药物的分析方法研究
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摘要
本文对荆条蜂胶的65%乙醇提取物进行了化学成分研究,毛胶经80℃加热提取得原胶,再由石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇逐级溶剂分配,硅胶色谱柱层析、重结晶、制备液相等方法进行分离和纯化,通过理化测试、红外、紫外、质谱、核磁共振波谱分析共鉴定31个化合物结构,其中黄酮类化合物14个,肉桂酸衍生物7个,咖啡酸酯类化合物6个,其它类4个。
改进超临界C02萃取蜂胶的方法,以月见草油代替乙醇为携带剂,在固液比(蜂胶：月见草油,g：g)=6：1时,蜂胶萃取物得率可达13.8%,其中黄酮类化合物占18.8%。提取物颜色金黄、洁净,与以乙醇作为携带剂相比,保证提取率的同时,改善了萃取物外观差、难入口的缺点。月见草油也是一种健康食品,完成提取后无需与蜂胶提取物分离,可作为开发具备蜂胶、月见草油二者功能的复合型保健品的制备方法。
建立离线二维液相色谱串联Q-TOF质谱法分离、鉴定蜂胶中黄酮、有机酸及其酯类化合物。应用新型反相色谱柱Click OEG(四聚乙二醇键合硅胶为填料)与常规C18色谱柱构建二维液相色谱(2D-LC)分离体系,通过对照品和文献报道数据,鉴定了中国三产地(河南、浙江、辽宁)蜂胶中的81个黄酮类、有机酸及其酯类化合物,对比一维液相色谱(1D-LC)法分离鉴定36个化合物的分离效率有所提高。
建立了中国四产地蜂胶原料快速、简单近红外光谱(NIR)定性分析方法,及对蜂胶液中8种主要黄酮、总黄酮的NIR定量分析方法。以主成分分析(PCA)结合马氏距离(MD)为算法建立定性模型,四产地蜂胶的鉴别选择性(S)均大于1,对未知样品鉴别准确率达100%。以偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立定量模型,对8种黄酮及总黄酮的定量分析结果显示,R2均在76.23%以上,预测均方根差(RMSEP)均小于1.33%。与高效液相色谱法(HPLC)相比,NIR在保证准确度的情况下可将平均检测周期由70分钟缩短至3分钟,无需复杂样品处理,尤其是非接触式光纤探头的使用,使在线监测蜂胶品质具有一定可行性。
建立了特色中西复方降糖药消渴丸中格列本脲含量的NIR快速定量方法。以偏最小二乘法(PLS)为算法,在7502.3-4597.8cm-1范围内建立多元校正模型,所得R2达99.86%,交叉验证均方根差(RMSECV)为3.59%。对未知样品进行预测,RMSEP=5.67%控制在10%以内。该方法预测精度高,较HPLC法更快捷、简便,可作为消渴丸快速质量检测的方法予以推广。同时,应用NIR法开发了快速、无需样品预处理鉴定八种常见降糖原料药的方法。采用固体光纤采集光谱,使用一阶导数法进行光谱预处理,结合第一范围标定法,在4000.0-12072.3cm-1的波段范围内建模。结果显示该模型对八种原料药的鉴别率达100%。
This paper was carried out to investigate the chemical compositions of Jingtiao propolis. Propolis raw material was extracted by65%ethanol at80℃. The extract was subjected to concentration under reduced pressure, solvent partition, silica gel column chromatography, recrystallization and high preparative performance liquid chromatography. Thirty one compounds were obtained and their structures were identified on the basis of the data of physical and chemical properties test, IR, UV, MS and NMR analysis. Fourteen of which were flavanoids, seven were caffeic acid analogues, six were caffeic esters, and four are other categories.
Propolis extraction by supercritical CO2was improved with evening primrose oil added as co-solvent. When the ratio of propolis and evening primrose oil is6to1, the extraction rate of propolis and the extraction rate of flavonoids would be reached to13.8%and18.8%, respectively. The propolis extract was golden-colored and pure. Compared with the result of ethanol added as co-solvent, the propolis yield was maintained and status of appearance and taste of extract were also promoted. As a healthy food, evening primrose oil was needn't to be separated after extraction, which made this method possible to be an approach for new compound type healthy food preparation.
In this study, the separation and identification of polyphenol compounds from Chinese propolis samples were investigated using off-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) in combination with Q-TOF-MS. The Click OEG (ethylene glycol bonding stationary phase) and XTerra C18column were employed for the first and second dimensional HPLC separation, respectively. The compounds were allowed to be identified by matching their retention times, accurate mass molecular weights and MS/MS data, and81components were characterized from the samples from Henan, Zhejiang and Liaoning Province. By contrast, only36peaks were detected by the1D-LC method. The2D-LC/MS/MS method was demonstrated to be more efficient for the existence or absence of target compounds identification, especially co-eluted compounds or minor compounds from complex samples.
A fast, simple and accurate near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) method was investigated for the geographical origin discrimination and eight main flavonoids content determination of Chinese propolis. A principal component analysis (PCA)-Mahalanobis distance (MD) method was applied to classify the geographical origin of propolis samples. All the S were larger than1, and100%accuracy was obtained. The partial least squares (PLS) models of eight and total flavonoids were established. The root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) and correlation coefficient (R2) in test set of the optimum models were less than1.33%and larger than76.23%. Compared to HPLC method, NIR was accurate and could shorten determination period from70min to3min with no troublesome sample preparation. Especially the usage of contactless fiber-coupled measurement head enhanced the feasibility on on-line quality control of propolis.
A new method for fast determination of glibenclamide in Xiaoke pills using NIR method. The multivariate calibration model based on PLS algorithm was developed to correlate the spectra and the corresponding values were determined by the reference method. In the range of7502.3-4597.8cm-1, the R2and root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) in calibration set were99.86%and3.59%, respectively. The RMSEP in prediction set was5.67%(less than10%). This new method was fast, accurate and easy-operating, which could be extended to fast quality control of the Xiaoke pills production. Meanwhile, a rapid, accurate and no sample preparation required method to identify8kinds of oral hypoglycemic active pharmaceutical ingredient (API)(solid and liquid) by NIR was established. A solid fiber coupled measurement head was used to collect spectra, and first derivative combined with scaling to1st range method was conducted as the optimum pre-processing method at4000.0-12072.3cm-1. With this approach,100%discrimination rate was obtained for fast identification of eight oral hypoglycemic APIs.
改进超临界C02萃取蜂胶的方法,以月见草油代替乙醇为携带剂,在固液比(蜂胶：月见草油,g：g)=6：1时,蜂胶萃取物得率可达13.8%,其中黄酮类化合物占18.8%。提取物颜色金黄、洁净,与以乙醇作为携带剂相比,保证提取率的同时,改善了萃取物外观差、难入口的缺点。月见草油也是一种健康食品,完成提取后无需与蜂胶提取物分离,可作为开发具备蜂胶、月见草油二者功能的复合型保健品的制备方法。
建立离线二维液相色谱串联Q-TOF质谱法分离、鉴定蜂胶中黄酮、有机酸及其酯类化合物。应用新型反相色谱柱Click OEG(四聚乙二醇键合硅胶为填料)与常规C18色谱柱构建二维液相色谱(2D-LC)分离体系,通过对照品和文献报道数据,鉴定了中国三产地(河南、浙江、辽宁)蜂胶中的81个黄酮类、有机酸及其酯类化合物,对比一维液相色谱(1D-LC)法分离鉴定36个化合物的分离效率有所提高。
建立了中国四产地蜂胶原料快速、简单近红外光谱(NIR)定性分析方法,及对蜂胶液中8种主要黄酮、总黄酮的NIR定量分析方法。以主成分分析(PCA)结合马氏距离(MD)为算法建立定性模型,四产地蜂胶的鉴别选择性(S)均大于1,对未知样品鉴别准确率达100%。以偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立定量模型,对8种黄酮及总黄酮的定量分析结果显示,R2均在76.23%以上,预测均方根差(RMSEP)均小于1.33%。与高效液相色谱法(HPLC)相比,NIR在保证准确度的情况下可将平均检测周期由70分钟缩短至3分钟,无需复杂样品处理,尤其是非接触式光纤探头的使用,使在线监测蜂胶品质具有一定可行性。
建立了特色中西复方降糖药消渴丸中格列本脲含量的NIR快速定量方法。以偏最小二乘法(PLS)为算法,在7502.3-4597.8cm-1范围内建立多元校正模型,所得R2达99.86%,交叉验证均方根差(RMSECV)为3.59%。对未知样品进行预测,RMSEP=5.67%控制在10%以内。该方法预测精度高,较HPLC法更快捷、简便,可作为消渴丸快速质量检测的方法予以推广。同时,应用NIR法开发了快速、无需样品预处理鉴定八种常见降糖原料药的方法。采用固体光纤采集光谱,使用一阶导数法进行光谱预处理,结合第一范围标定法,在4000.0-12072.3cm-1的波段范围内建模。结果显示该模型对八种原料药的鉴别率达100%。
This paper was carried out to investigate the chemical compositions of Jingtiao propolis. Propolis raw material was extracted by65%ethanol at80℃. The extract was subjected to concentration under reduced pressure, solvent partition, silica gel column chromatography, recrystallization and high preparative performance liquid chromatography. Thirty one compounds were obtained and their structures were identified on the basis of the data of physical and chemical properties test, IR, UV, MS and NMR analysis. Fourteen of which were flavanoids, seven were caffeic acid analogues, six were caffeic esters, and four are other categories.
Propolis extraction by supercritical CO2was improved with evening primrose oil added as co-solvent. When the ratio of propolis and evening primrose oil is6to1, the extraction rate of propolis and the extraction rate of flavonoids would be reached to13.8%and18.8%, respectively. The propolis extract was golden-colored and pure. Compared with the result of ethanol added as co-solvent, the propolis yield was maintained and status of appearance and taste of extract were also promoted. As a healthy food, evening primrose oil was needn't to be separated after extraction, which made this method possible to be an approach for new compound type healthy food preparation.
In this study, the separation and identification of polyphenol compounds from Chinese propolis samples were investigated using off-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) in combination with Q-TOF-MS. The Click OEG (ethylene glycol bonding stationary phase) and XTerra C18column were employed for the first and second dimensional HPLC separation, respectively. The compounds were allowed to be identified by matching their retention times, accurate mass molecular weights and MS/MS data, and81components were characterized from the samples from Henan, Zhejiang and Liaoning Province. By contrast, only36peaks were detected by the1D-LC method. The2D-LC/MS/MS method was demonstrated to be more efficient for the existence or absence of target compounds identification, especially co-eluted compounds or minor compounds from complex samples.
A fast, simple and accurate near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) method was investigated for the geographical origin discrimination and eight main flavonoids content determination of Chinese propolis. A principal component analysis (PCA)-Mahalanobis distance (MD) method was applied to classify the geographical origin of propolis samples. All the S were larger than1, and100%accuracy was obtained. The partial least squares (PLS) models of eight and total flavonoids were established. The root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) and correlation coefficient (R2) in test set of the optimum models were less than1.33%and larger than76.23%. Compared to HPLC method, NIR was accurate and could shorten determination period from70min to3min with no troublesome sample preparation. Especially the usage of contactless fiber-coupled measurement head enhanced the feasibility on on-line quality control of propolis.
A new method for fast determination of glibenclamide in Xiaoke pills using NIR method. The multivariate calibration model based on PLS algorithm was developed to correlate the spectra and the corresponding values were determined by the reference method. In the range of7502.3-4597.8cm-1, the R2and root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) in calibration set were99.86%and3.59%, respectively. The RMSEP in prediction set was5.67%(less than10%). This new method was fast, accurate and easy-operating, which could be extended to fast quality control of the Xiaoke pills production. Meanwhile, a rapid, accurate and no sample preparation required method to identify8kinds of oral hypoglycemic active pharmaceutical ingredient (API)(solid and liquid) by NIR was established. A solid fiber coupled measurement head was used to collect spectra, and first derivative combined with scaling to1st range method was conducted as the optimum pre-processing method at4000.0-12072.3cm-1. With this approach,100%discrimination rate was obtained for fast identification of eight oral hypoglycemic APIs.
引文
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