新型后置反硝化工艺处理低C/N（C/P）比城镇污水性能研究
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摘要
近三十年来,我国经济社会快速发展、城镇规模日益扩大、城镇污水排放量急剧增加；加上现有城镇污水厂因工艺技术、装置配置和过程控制等方面不足,存在尾水氮磷超标、运行能耗偏高等问题,导致我国水环境质量严重恶化。为强化污水处理工艺生物脱氮除磷性能,国内外研究者从机理探析、工艺优化、过程调控等角度,开展了既有工艺升级优化、强化脱氮除磷新工艺开发等研究,但面对城镇污水组分复杂、进水碳源不足、工艺操控复杂等技术屏障,仍存在系统氮磷去除效率低、运行性能不稳定等问题。为此,开发简便、高效、低耗的脱氮除磷新技术新工艺,需求强烈。
论文针对我国城镇污水C/N比、C/P比低,现有脱氮除磷工艺流程复杂、运行能耗高、尾水达标难等突出问题,围绕生物处理系统内碳源有效利用,开展现有城镇污水厌氧/好氧(A/O)处理工艺强化氮磷去除、污水生物脱氮除磷新工艺开发等研究,得到以下研究结论：
1、以多分室A/O工艺为平台,研究了常规A/O工艺的脱氮除磷性能及主要影响因素。研究发现,A/O工艺脱氮性能受进水C/N比影响较大,当进水C/N比从14.25±2.66降至5.72±0.47时,TN去除率由81.49±6.64%降至61.93±8.55%；工艺除磷性能与进水C/N比、C/P比和污泥浓度等有关,系统在进水C/N比11.55±2.40、C/P比62.48±7.34、污泥浓度3.61±0.51gMLSS/L条件下除磷率稳定在99.33±0.91%；除磷过程物质转化特性分析表明,该A/O工艺具有典型的强化生物除磷(EBPR)系统代谢特征。
2、应对城镇污水厂节能降耗增效的现实需求,研发了低DO序列式A/O工艺。系统在进水COD、NH4+-N、PO43--P分别为241.94±32.55mg/L、47.86±2.01mg/L和3.78±0.13mg/L,好氧段DO浓度0.54±0.92mg/L条件下,COD、NH4+-N、TN、PO43--P去除率分别达91.84±4.90%、98.15±1.56%、65.53±2.21%和100%。过程物质转化特性分析发现,低DO条件下NH4+-N基本去除,同步硝化反硝化(SND)性能有所强化,除磷性能进一步提升；能耗分析结果表明,系统稳定运行阶段处理单位废水所需曝气量为48±3L/L,比常规A/O工艺降低71.2±3.8%,节能优势明显。
3、从生物处理系统内碳源有效利用角度出发,创新研发了连续流后置反硝化AOA工艺。厌氧段混合液按一定比例分流至缺氧段,通过控制厌氧段分流比F(厌氧段分流流量与进水流量之比)为0.5、污泥回流比R为1.0,新工艺在进水COD、NH4+-N、PO43--P分别为400mg/L、37.65±1.64mg/L和5.63±0.14mg/L条件下,TN和PO43--P去除率分别达74.50±1.42%和92.11±5.20%,脱氮性能比A/O工艺显著提升。
构建了表征AOA工艺氮磷去除效果的物质平衡量化模型,分析发现缺氧段PO43--P和NO3--N去除量分别达1.63±0.09gP/d和0.78±0.14gN/d,其PO43--P/NO3--N比为2.17±0.42,表明缺氧段具有反硝化除磷功能,其除磷量占系统总除磷量的24.19±0.52%；分批实验进一步证实,污泥中反硝化聚磷菌(DNPAOs)占聚磷菌(PAOs)的22.20±1.97%。结合模型模拟计算结果可知,该工艺TN去除主要通过异养反硝化、SND和反硝化除磷等途径实现。
4、针对城镇污水碳源不足影响氮磷去除性能的问题,考察了AOA工艺处理低C/N(C/P)比污水过程影响因素。结果表明,当进水C/N比和C/P比分别控制在7.41±0.26和52.36±1.25时,通过将SRT由10d延长到16d,系统TN和PO43--P去除率分别稳定在65.86±2.06%和90.00±3.97%；当进水C/N比、C/P比进一步降至6.14±0.32和43.40±1.37时,将A/O/A体积比由1/3/1调整为1/2/2,TN和PO43--P去除率分别升至69.76±3.36%和98.73±1.82%；综合分析认为,在SRT为16d、A/O/A体积比为1/2/2条件下,处理低C/N(C/P)比污水AOA工艺可获得较好的氮磷去除效果。
分析AOA工艺不同工况下污泥PHA等内碳源含量变化发现,污泥PHA含量与进水COD浓度呈正相关,其含量的降低影响SND和反硝化除磷性能,从而导致系统氮磷去除性能下降；延长SRT可保证体系内一定的污泥浓度及内碳源含量,缩短好氧HRT、延长缺氧HRT亦可提高污泥PHA含量,强化系统脱氮除磷性能；可见,采用控制SRT、调整好氧/缺氧HRT等策略,可保证处理低C/N(C/P)比污水AOA工艺高效稳定运行。
5、为提升AOA工艺处理效能、简化工艺流程,取消厌氧段混合液分流,研发了低DO连续流AOA工艺。在进水COD、NH4+-N和PO43--P分别为300mg/L、49.99±2.64mg/L和3.79±0.1Img/L条件下,将好氧段DO浓度控制在1.19±0.16mg/L、好氧和缺氧HRT分别控制在2h和4h,系统NH4+-N.TN和PO43--P去除率分别达95.07±1.57%、93.26±1.30%和97.83±2.95%。
模型分析表明,好氧段和缺氧段TN去除负荷分别为0.112±0.013gN/gVSS/d和0.055±0.015gN/gVSS/d,二者对TN去除的贡献率分别为41.76±1.03%和39.93±6.11%；缺氧段去除的PO43--P为0.76±0.14gP/d, NO3--N为0.80±0.16gN/d,分析认为,其中0.36±0.07gN/d的NO3--N通过反硝化除磷去除,其余NO3--N则由反硝化聚糖菌(DNGAOs)去除。
对新工艺的脱氮除磷机理分析发现,缩短好氧HRT可减少好氧段PHA消耗、提高污泥PHA含量,从而强化好氧SND和反硝化除磷作用,改善系统脱氮除磷性能。与前述基于厌氧混合液分流的AOA工艺相比,低DO连续流AOA工艺不仅脱氮除磷性能进一步提升,而且处理单位废水曝气量降低了11.6±0.56%,能耗更低。
综上,新型低DO连续流AOA工艺取消了厌氧混合液分流,工艺更简单；基于内碳源的好氧SND作用和后置反硝化作用得到强化,系统脱氮性能更强；曝气量减小,能耗更低,可为低C/N(C/P)比城镇污水处理提供新的技术思路。
During the past30years, discharge of municipal wastewater has been increasing rapidly along with the economy development and town expanding in China, leading to serious deterioration of natural water. The effluent of many existing wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) could not meet the discharge standard because of drawbacks of process technologies, equipments and operation control. In order to improve nutrient removal performance of WWTPs, researchers have devoted themselves to modify traditional biological nutrient removal (BNR) processes and develop new processes via modifying process configuration, adopting new nutrient removal technologies and controlling operating parameters. However, the nutrient removal efficiencies of many processes are still low and unstable, due to problems such as complex influent composition, carbon resource insufficiency and difficulty of process control. So it is urgent to develop new BNR process with simple operation, high efficiency and low energy consumption. In view of the problems such as low C/N and C/P ratios of municipal wastewater, process complex, high energy consumption and effluent exceeding the standard, the objectives of this thesis are to modify the present BNR processes and develop new processes to remove nutrient efficiently from municipal wastewater with low C/N and C/P ratios. The main conclusions are summarized as follows:
1. Influencing factors of an A/O process with multiple zones were investigated. The results showed that the nitrogen removal performance of the A/O process was mainly influenced by influent C/N ratio and the TN removal efficiency decreased from81.49±6.64%to61.93±8.55%when the influent C/N ratio was from14.25±2.66to5.72±0.47. The phosphorous removal performance of the A/O process was influenced by influent C/N and C/P ratios and sludge concentration. With influent C/N and C/P ratios of11.55±2.40and62.48±7.34, the removal efficiency of PO43--P reached99.33+0.91%when sludge concentration was controlled at3.61±0.51gMLSS/L. The metabolic characteristic of this continuous A/O process was similar to that of a typical enhanced biological phosphorous removal (EBPR) system.
2. In order to improve nutrient removal and save energy consumption, a novel A/O process with low DO level was developed. With influent COD, NH4+-N and PO43--P concentrations of241.94±32.55mg/L,47.86±2.01mg/L and3.78±0.13mg/L, the removal efficiencies of COD, NH4+-N, TN and PO43--P reached91.84±4.90%,98.15±1.56%,65.53±2.21%and100%, under DO concentration of0.54±0.92mg/L. It was discovered that under low DO condition, biological phosphorous removal was improved and kept stable; ammonia removal was not affected and TN removal was improved via enhancing simultanesou nitrification and denitrification (SND) function. Aeration intensity analysis showed that during stable operation, the air needed for treating wastewater was48±3L/L, which decreased by71.2±3.8%compared with the previous A/O process with multiple zones, implying that the energy consumption of this A/O (low DO) process was significantly lower than traditional A/O process.
3. Based on efficient utilization of internal carbon source, a novel continuous anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic (AOA) process was developed. In this process, part of the anaerobic mixed liquor was transferred to the post-anoxic zone. At influent COD, NH4+-N and PO43--P of400mg/L,37.65±1.64mg/L and5.63±0.14mg/L, R of1.0and F (the ratio of the flow of the transferred mixed liquor to that of influent) of0.5, the average removal efficiencies of TN and PO43--P reached74.50±1.42%and92.11±5.20%, demonstrating better nitrogen removal performance than A/O process.
A mass balance model was established to analyze the nutrient removal in the AOA process and results showed that1.63±0.09gP/d of PO43--P and0.78±0.14gN/d of NO3--N were simultaneously removed in the anoxic zone at PO43--P/NOs--N ratio of2.17±0.42, and24.19±0.52%of phosphate was removed in the anoxic zone. It's speculated that denitrifying phosphorous removal occurred in the anoxic zone of the AOA process. Batch tests revealed that22.20±1.97%of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) in the sludge were denitrifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (DNPAOs). Model analysis revealed that TN was removed via heterotrophic denitrification, SND and denitrifying phosphorous removal.
4. Influencing factors of the AOA process treating wastewater with low C/N and C/P ratios were investigated. It was found that with influent C/N and C/P ratios of7.41±0.26and52.36±1.25, the removal efficiencies of TN and PO43--P reached65.86±2.06%and90.00±3.97%, respectively, when SRT was increased from10d to16d. With influent C/N and C/P ratios of6.14±0.32and43.40±1.37, the removal efficiencies of TN and PO43--P increased to69.76±3.36%and98.73±1.82%when the A/O/A ratio was changed from1/3/1to1/2/2. Results showed that when the A/O/A ratio was1/2/2and SRT was16d, nutrient was removed efficiently from wastewater with low C/N and C/P ratios.
Analysis of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) content in biomass at different stages showed that PHA content decreased at lower influent COD level and the properties of SND and denitrifying phosphorous removal decreased, leading to deterioration of nutrient removal. After lengthening SRT, both sludge concentration and PHA content in sludge increased; with shorter aerobic HRT and longer anoxix HRT, PHA content also increased and the nutrient removal performance of the AOA process was enhanced. So it is concluded that the nutrient removal performance of the AOA process can be kept stable by controlling SRT as well as aerobic and anoxic HRTs when treating wastewater with low C/N and C/P ratios.
5. For improving nutrient removal with simpler process, a novel continuous AOA (low DO) process without anaerobic mixed liquor conversion was developed. Under DO concentration of1.19±0.16mg/L and the HRTs of the aerobic and anoxic zones at2h and4h, the removal efficiencies of NH4+-N, TN and PO43--P reached95.07±1.57%,93.26±1.30%and97.83±2.95%, respectively.
Model analysis showed that the TN removal loading of the aerobic and anoxic zones were0.112±0.013gN/gVSS/d and0.055±0.015gN/gVSS/d, respectively, while the TN removal in the aerobic and anoxic zones contributed41.76±1.03%and39.93±6.11%of total TN removal. In the anoxic zone,0.76±0.14gP/d of PO43--P and0.80±0.16gN/d of N03--N were removed simultaneously. It is speculated that0.36±0.07gN/d of NO3--N was removed through denitrifying dephosphatation and0.44±0.09gN/d of N03--N was removed through other way, possibly by denitrifying glycogen-accumulating organisms (DNGAOs).
Nutrient removal mechanisms were analyzed and results showed that, when aerobic HRT was shortened, less PHA was degraded in the aerobic zone and PHA content in biomass incresed significantly; as a result, the effects of SND and denitrifying dephosphatation were enhanced and nutrient removal was improved. Compared with the previous AOA process with conversion of anaerobic mixed liquor, the air needed for treating wastewater of this AOA (low DO) process decreased by11.6±0.6%, showing that its energy consumption was lower.
To sum up, the characteristics of this novel process include simple operation, high nutrient removal efficiency and low energy consumption. The AOA process developed in this research provided new technologies for treatment of wastewater with low C/N and C/P ratios.
论文针对我国城镇污水C/N比、C/P比低,现有脱氮除磷工艺流程复杂、运行能耗高、尾水达标难等突出问题,围绕生物处理系统内碳源有效利用,开展现有城镇污水厌氧/好氧(A/O)处理工艺强化氮磷去除、污水生物脱氮除磷新工艺开发等研究,得到以下研究结论：
1、以多分室A/O工艺为平台,研究了常规A/O工艺的脱氮除磷性能及主要影响因素。研究发现,A/O工艺脱氮性能受进水C/N比影响较大,当进水C/N比从14.25±2.66降至5.72±0.47时,TN去除率由81.49±6.64%降至61.93±8.55%；工艺除磷性能与进水C/N比、C/P比和污泥浓度等有关,系统在进水C/N比11.55±2.40、C/P比62.48±7.34、污泥浓度3.61±0.51gMLSS/L条件下除磷率稳定在99.33±0.91%；除磷过程物质转化特性分析表明,该A/O工艺具有典型的强化生物除磷(EBPR)系统代谢特征。
2、应对城镇污水厂节能降耗增效的现实需求,研发了低DO序列式A/O工艺。系统在进水COD、NH4+-N、PO43--P分别为241.94±32.55mg/L、47.86±2.01mg/L和3.78±0.13mg/L,好氧段DO浓度0.54±0.92mg/L条件下,COD、NH4+-N、TN、PO43--P去除率分别达91.84±4.90%、98.15±1.56%、65.53±2.21%和100%。过程物质转化特性分析发现,低DO条件下NH4+-N基本去除,同步硝化反硝化(SND)性能有所强化,除磷性能进一步提升；能耗分析结果表明,系统稳定运行阶段处理单位废水所需曝气量为48±3L/L,比常规A/O工艺降低71.2±3.8%,节能优势明显。
3、从生物处理系统内碳源有效利用角度出发,创新研发了连续流后置反硝化AOA工艺。厌氧段混合液按一定比例分流至缺氧段,通过控制厌氧段分流比F(厌氧段分流流量与进水流量之比)为0.5、污泥回流比R为1.0,新工艺在进水COD、NH4+-N、PO43--P分别为400mg/L、37.65±1.64mg/L和5.63±0.14mg/L条件下,TN和PO43--P去除率分别达74.50±1.42%和92.11±5.20%,脱氮性能比A/O工艺显著提升。
构建了表征AOA工艺氮磷去除效果的物质平衡量化模型,分析发现缺氧段PO43--P和NO3--N去除量分别达1.63±0.09gP/d和0.78±0.14gN/d,其PO43--P/NO3--N比为2.17±0.42,表明缺氧段具有反硝化除磷功能,其除磷量占系统总除磷量的24.19±0.52%；分批实验进一步证实,污泥中反硝化聚磷菌(DNPAOs)占聚磷菌(PAOs)的22.20±1.97%。结合模型模拟计算结果可知,该工艺TN去除主要通过异养反硝化、SND和反硝化除磷等途径实现。
4、针对城镇污水碳源不足影响氮磷去除性能的问题,考察了AOA工艺处理低C/N(C/P)比污水过程影响因素。结果表明,当进水C/N比和C/P比分别控制在7.41±0.26和52.36±1.25时,通过将SRT由10d延长到16d,系统TN和PO43--P去除率分别稳定在65.86±2.06%和90.00±3.97%；当进水C/N比、C/P比进一步降至6.14±0.32和43.40±1.37时,将A/O/A体积比由1/3/1调整为1/2/2,TN和PO43--P去除率分别升至69.76±3.36%和98.73±1.82%；综合分析认为,在SRT为16d、A/O/A体积比为1/2/2条件下,处理低C/N(C/P)比污水AOA工艺可获得较好的氮磷去除效果。
分析AOA工艺不同工况下污泥PHA等内碳源含量变化发现,污泥PHA含量与进水COD浓度呈正相关,其含量的降低影响SND和反硝化除磷性能,从而导致系统氮磷去除性能下降；延长SRT可保证体系内一定的污泥浓度及内碳源含量,缩短好氧HRT、延长缺氧HRT亦可提高污泥PHA含量,强化系统脱氮除磷性能；可见,采用控制SRT、调整好氧/缺氧HRT等策略,可保证处理低C/N(C/P)比污水AOA工艺高效稳定运行。
5、为提升AOA工艺处理效能、简化工艺流程,取消厌氧段混合液分流,研发了低DO连续流AOA工艺。在进水COD、NH4+-N和PO43--P分别为300mg/L、49.99±2.64mg/L和3.79±0.1Img/L条件下,将好氧段DO浓度控制在1.19±0.16mg/L、好氧和缺氧HRT分别控制在2h和4h,系统NH4+-N.TN和PO43--P去除率分别达95.07±1.57%、93.26±1.30%和97.83±2.95%。
模型分析表明,好氧段和缺氧段TN去除负荷分别为0.112±0.013gN/gVSS/d和0.055±0.015gN/gVSS/d,二者对TN去除的贡献率分别为41.76±1.03%和39.93±6.11%；缺氧段去除的PO43--P为0.76±0.14gP/d, NO3--N为0.80±0.16gN/d,分析认为,其中0.36±0.07gN/d的NO3--N通过反硝化除磷去除,其余NO3--N则由反硝化聚糖菌(DNGAOs)去除。
对新工艺的脱氮除磷机理分析发现,缩短好氧HRT可减少好氧段PHA消耗、提高污泥PHA含量,从而强化好氧SND和反硝化除磷作用,改善系统脱氮除磷性能。与前述基于厌氧混合液分流的AOA工艺相比,低DO连续流AOA工艺不仅脱氮除磷性能进一步提升,而且处理单位废水曝气量降低了11.6±0.56%,能耗更低。
综上,新型低DO连续流AOA工艺取消了厌氧混合液分流,工艺更简单；基于内碳源的好氧SND作用和后置反硝化作用得到强化,系统脱氮性能更强；曝气量减小,能耗更低,可为低C/N(C/P)比城镇污水处理提供新的技术思路。
During the past30years, discharge of municipal wastewater has been increasing rapidly along with the economy development and town expanding in China, leading to serious deterioration of natural water. The effluent of many existing wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) could not meet the discharge standard because of drawbacks of process technologies, equipments and operation control. In order to improve nutrient removal performance of WWTPs, researchers have devoted themselves to modify traditional biological nutrient removal (BNR) processes and develop new processes via modifying process configuration, adopting new nutrient removal technologies and controlling operating parameters. However, the nutrient removal efficiencies of many processes are still low and unstable, due to problems such as complex influent composition, carbon resource insufficiency and difficulty of process control. So it is urgent to develop new BNR process with simple operation, high efficiency and low energy consumption. In view of the problems such as low C/N and C/P ratios of municipal wastewater, process complex, high energy consumption and effluent exceeding the standard, the objectives of this thesis are to modify the present BNR processes and develop new processes to remove nutrient efficiently from municipal wastewater with low C/N and C/P ratios. The main conclusions are summarized as follows:
1. Influencing factors of an A/O process with multiple zones were investigated. The results showed that the nitrogen removal performance of the A/O process was mainly influenced by influent C/N ratio and the TN removal efficiency decreased from81.49±6.64%to61.93±8.55%when the influent C/N ratio was from14.25±2.66to5.72±0.47. The phosphorous removal performance of the A/O process was influenced by influent C/N and C/P ratios and sludge concentration. With influent C/N and C/P ratios of11.55±2.40and62.48±7.34, the removal efficiency of PO43--P reached99.33+0.91%when sludge concentration was controlled at3.61±0.51gMLSS/L. The metabolic characteristic of this continuous A/O process was similar to that of a typical enhanced biological phosphorous removal (EBPR) system.
2. In order to improve nutrient removal and save energy consumption, a novel A/O process with low DO level was developed. With influent COD, NH4+-N and PO43--P concentrations of241.94±32.55mg/L,47.86±2.01mg/L and3.78±0.13mg/L, the removal efficiencies of COD, NH4+-N, TN and PO43--P reached91.84±4.90%,98.15±1.56%,65.53±2.21%and100%, under DO concentration of0.54±0.92mg/L. It was discovered that under low DO condition, biological phosphorous removal was improved and kept stable; ammonia removal was not affected and TN removal was improved via enhancing simultanesou nitrification and denitrification (SND) function. Aeration intensity analysis showed that during stable operation, the air needed for treating wastewater was48±3L/L, which decreased by71.2±3.8%compared with the previous A/O process with multiple zones, implying that the energy consumption of this A/O (low DO) process was significantly lower than traditional A/O process.
3. Based on efficient utilization of internal carbon source, a novel continuous anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic (AOA) process was developed. In this process, part of the anaerobic mixed liquor was transferred to the post-anoxic zone. At influent COD, NH4+-N and PO43--P of400mg/L,37.65±1.64mg/L and5.63±0.14mg/L, R of1.0and F (the ratio of the flow of the transferred mixed liquor to that of influent) of0.5, the average removal efficiencies of TN and PO43--P reached74.50±1.42%and92.11±5.20%, demonstrating better nitrogen removal performance than A/O process.
A mass balance model was established to analyze the nutrient removal in the AOA process and results showed that1.63±0.09gP/d of PO43--P and0.78±0.14gN/d of NO3--N were simultaneously removed in the anoxic zone at PO43--P/NOs--N ratio of2.17±0.42, and24.19±0.52%of phosphate was removed in the anoxic zone. It's speculated that denitrifying phosphorous removal occurred in the anoxic zone of the AOA process. Batch tests revealed that22.20±1.97%of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) in the sludge were denitrifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (DNPAOs). Model analysis revealed that TN was removed via heterotrophic denitrification, SND and denitrifying phosphorous removal.
4. Influencing factors of the AOA process treating wastewater with low C/N and C/P ratios were investigated. It was found that with influent C/N and C/P ratios of7.41±0.26and52.36±1.25, the removal efficiencies of TN and PO43--P reached65.86±2.06%and90.00±3.97%, respectively, when SRT was increased from10d to16d. With influent C/N and C/P ratios of6.14±0.32and43.40±1.37, the removal efficiencies of TN and PO43--P increased to69.76±3.36%and98.73±1.82%when the A/O/A ratio was changed from1/3/1to1/2/2. Results showed that when the A/O/A ratio was1/2/2and SRT was16d, nutrient was removed efficiently from wastewater with low C/N and C/P ratios.
Analysis of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) content in biomass at different stages showed that PHA content decreased at lower influent COD level and the properties of SND and denitrifying phosphorous removal decreased, leading to deterioration of nutrient removal. After lengthening SRT, both sludge concentration and PHA content in sludge increased; with shorter aerobic HRT and longer anoxix HRT, PHA content also increased and the nutrient removal performance of the AOA process was enhanced. So it is concluded that the nutrient removal performance of the AOA process can be kept stable by controlling SRT as well as aerobic and anoxic HRTs when treating wastewater with low C/N and C/P ratios.
5. For improving nutrient removal with simpler process, a novel continuous AOA (low DO) process without anaerobic mixed liquor conversion was developed. Under DO concentration of1.19±0.16mg/L and the HRTs of the aerobic and anoxic zones at2h and4h, the removal efficiencies of NH4+-N, TN and PO43--P reached95.07±1.57%,93.26±1.30%and97.83±2.95%, respectively.
Model analysis showed that the TN removal loading of the aerobic and anoxic zones were0.112±0.013gN/gVSS/d and0.055±0.015gN/gVSS/d, respectively, while the TN removal in the aerobic and anoxic zones contributed41.76±1.03%and39.93±6.11%of total TN removal. In the anoxic zone,0.76±0.14gP/d of PO43--P and0.80±0.16gN/d of N03--N were removed simultaneously. It is speculated that0.36±0.07gN/d of NO3--N was removed through denitrifying dephosphatation and0.44±0.09gN/d of N03--N was removed through other way, possibly by denitrifying glycogen-accumulating organisms (DNGAOs).
Nutrient removal mechanisms were analyzed and results showed that, when aerobic HRT was shortened, less PHA was degraded in the aerobic zone and PHA content in biomass incresed significantly; as a result, the effects of SND and denitrifying dephosphatation were enhanced and nutrient removal was improved. Compared with the previous AOA process with conversion of anaerobic mixed liquor, the air needed for treating wastewater of this AOA (low DO) process decreased by11.6±0.6%, showing that its energy consumption was lower.
To sum up, the characteristics of this novel process include simple operation, high nutrient removal efficiency and low energy consumption. The AOA process developed in this research provided new technologies for treatment of wastewater with low C/N and C/P ratios.
引文
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