中国商业银行网点布局研究
|
摘要
国内银行在网点数量上具有明显优势,但由于受原有经济体制及经营模式的影响,国内银行并不能成功地将其自身的网点优势转化为竞争优势。因此,如何合理布局商业银行网点是提高商业银行竞争力的关键。而网点布局决策主要包括合理控制网点总量、准确定位网点选址和提高网点布局效率,故本文采用模糊评价、聚类分析和效率评价模型方法,运用经济地理理论、集聚经济效益理论和区域经济理论,利用成本收益匹配原则和供给与需求平衡原则,合理优化银行网点布局,积极推进网点转型升级。
全文按“现状分析—案例借鉴—总量控制—选址分析—效率评价”的思路,对商业银行网点布局进行深入的研究。首先探讨中国商业银行网点布局存在的现实问题,其次,借鉴成功银行网点布局的案例,对我国商业银行网点布局有重要的启示意义,其次,对商业银行网点设置的总量控制是否合理进行分析,解决是否需要在某区域设置网点的问题,再次,对商业银行网点选址设置是否准确进行分析,解决网点具体设置在该区域哪个商圈的问题,最后,对商业银行网点布局的效率进行评价,判断商业银行网点设置与网点选址是否合理。
中国商业银行网点发展经过低效率网点的盲目扩张阶段、集约化阶段和“新网点主义”阶段,进入全面开放的新阶段,但面临着外资银行进入扩张的竞争压力。本文运用我国商业银行2010年的数据对银行网点区域分布、网点总量和从业人员数量进行分析,了解我国商业银行网点布局概况。然后对分别对我国国有商业银行网点之间、全国性股份制商业银行之间和城市商业银行之间进行对比分析,发现我国商业银行网点存在银行渠道建设存在不足,缺乏对网点布局的总量控制、尚未建立网点选址指标体系,网点选址不尽合理和网点转型未引起充分关注,网点运营效率有待提高等问题。鉴于以上问题,从中资银行、外资银行和创新案例的角度对商业银行网点布局的相关案例进行分析,以经验借鉴的方式并结合理论实证,对我国商业银行网点布局有重要的启示意义。
以2010年全国31个省、自治区、直辖市作为研究对象,运用模糊综合评价方法对银行网点布局总量控制进行实证分析。综合考虑各个地区的具体情况,首先选取GDP、GDP增长率等指标构建总量控制指标体系,然后运用熵权法确定指标的权重,最后运用模糊综合评价方法对总量指标体系进行综合评价,得出最优的机构网点数量。全国各地区商业银行出现了网点机构设置与实际的需求量严重不符的现象,主要表现在北京、天津等17个地区的商业银行网点数量已经大大超过了需求量,而河南、山东等5个地区的商业银行网点数量则远小于需求量,只有湖北和湖南的情况较为理想,商业银行网点数量刚好达到饱和状态。
网点选址需要准确定位,并考虑数据的可得性,以湖南省长沙市五个行政区的12个代表性商业圈为研究对象,运用聚类分析方法对银行网点选址进行实证分析。首先,筛选出客户因素、同业竞争因素以及区位因素构建商业银行网点指标体系。然后,采用K-均值聚类法,对长沙市12个商区进行样本分析,输出了分类数为4的聚类结果。最后得出阿波罗商业广场和松桂圆商业圈是最适合商业银行建立营业网点的区位,尤其是综合型的银行营业网点。
以2006-2010年中国主要上市商业银行为研究对象,运用基于DEA模型的Malmquist指数方法评价网点布局效率。运用Malmquist指数方法分别测度我国主要商业银行分支机构及各银行整体的全要素生产率指数变动情况,并通过两者的对比分析研究各商业银行五年来网点布局的效率水平。并得出2006～2010年,各商业银行Malmquist指数总体上呈小幅上升趋势,2009年和2010年大部分上市商业银行网点布局效率较为合理,且股份制商业银行的网点布局明显优于国有商业银行和城市商业银行。
本文的研究意义主要体现在,一方面,通过对商业银行网点布局理论的深入探讨,有助于弥补国内外学者对我国商业银行领域的研究不足,丰富和完善我国商业银行管理学的理论体系,并为我国银行业及整个金融业的持续稳健发展提供理论基础。另一方面,结合我国基本国情及近年来银行业改革和发展的实际情况,探讨调整和优化我国商业银行网点布局决策的方法和途径,对于我国商业银行的稳健发展具有一定的指导意义,建立完善的网点总量控制与网点选址可行性预测分析制度,也是实现我国金融安全,经济持续、稳健发展的重大课题。
The number of domestic banks in the network has obvious advantages, but because of the existing economic system and business model, the domestic banks can not be successful in its own network advantages into competitive advantages. Therefore, how rational distribution of commercial bank outlets is to improve the competitiveness of commercial banks. The network layout decisions include the reasonable control of the network total, accurate positioning network location and improve the efficiency of network layout. In this paper, the use of fuzzy evaluation, cluster analysis and efficiency evaluation model method, the use of the theory of economic geography, agglomeration of economic efficiency theory and regional economic theory, the minimization of costs, maximize the benefits and the principle of supply and demand, optimize the banking network layout, actively promote the network transformation and upgrading.
According to "Analysis--drawing on experience--total control--location analysis--efficiency evaluation", this has researched to distribution network of commercial banks deeply. Firstly, there are practical problems for the network layout of China's commercial banks, and secondly, we learn from the case of successful banking network layout, because the network layout of the commercial banks in China has important implications, and thirdly, to set the network of commercial banks total control is reasonable to analyze and solve the need to set up a regional network in question, once again, on reasonable commercial bank branches located analyze and solve specific network settings in the region which the business district, and finally, the commercial banks to evaluate the efficiency of network layout, set up to determine the commercial bank outlets and network location is reasonable.
The development of chinese commercial bank outlets inefficient outlets blind expansion phase, intensive phase of new outlets stage, to enter a new stage of comprehensive open, but competitive pressures facing the expansion of foreign banks. In this paper, the data of commercial banks in China in2010on the regional distribution of bank branches, outlets total number of employees to analyze and understand the network layout Overview of China's commercial banks. Then between the outlets of the China's state-owned commercial banks, national shareholding commercial banks and city commercial banks are analyzed and found that commercial bank outlets in China exists banking channels construction, lack of total control of the network layout has not been established network site index system, the network location is not reasonable and branch transformation is not given sufficient attention to the network operational efficiency to be improved. In view of the above problems, from banks, foreign banks and the point of view of the examples of innovation, commercial bank outlets layout case analysis, Experience and theoretical empirical network layout of the commercial banks in China have important implications.
Selecting31provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in2010as the sample, we use the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to an empirical analysis of the total control of the banking network layout. Considering the specific circumstances of the various areas, first select the GDP, the GDP growth rate and other indicators to build the total control index system, and then use the Entropy Method to determine the weight of indexes, the last use of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the total index system, come to the optimal number of agency outlets. Regional commercial banks seriously inconsistent phenomenon of the network of institutional settings and the actual demand, as following, the number of commercial banks outlets has greatly exceeded the demand in17districts including Beijing, Tianjin.while in Henan, Shandong, the number of bank outlets is much smaller than demand; only in Hubei and Hunan, the situation is more satisfactory.
Network site requires accurate positioning, and we consider the data available. Twelve representatives of the five boroughs of Changsha City Commercial Circle as a research object, the use of cluster analysis method to an empirical analysis of bank branches location. First, we screen customer factors, intra-industry competition factors and location factors to build the network index system of commercial banks. Then, using the K-means clustering method, sample analysis of12commercial districts of Changsha City, output the number of categories of clustering results. The conclusion that the business circles of the Apollo Commercial Square and loose longan is the most suitable for commercial banks to establish the location of the outlets, in particular, is a comprehensive bank branches.
At the year of2006-2010, the listed comerical banks of China as a research object, we use of DEA and Malmquist Index approach to evaluating the efficiency of network layout. Using Malmquist index method to measure China's major commercial bank branches and banks the overall changes in total factor productivity index, and analyzed by the contrast between the level of all commercial banks to five years, the efficiency of the network layout. Obtained from2006to2010, all commercial banks showe a slight upward trend in the overall Malmquist index. In2009and2010, two years most of the listed commercial banks more reasonable distribution network, and joint-stock commercial banks, state-owned commercial network layout is superior to banks and city commercial banks.
This paper mainly embodied in the research significance, on the one hand, through to the commercial bank site layout the depth of theory, help make up for scholars both at home and abroad to our country commercial bank of research in the field of shortage, enrich and perfect our country commercial bank management theory system, and for our country banking and the entire financial industry of providing theoretical basis for steady development. On the other hand, the second, with China's basic national conditions and in recent years the bank reform and development of the actual conditions, the author discusses adjustment and optimization of our country commercial bank network layout method and way of decision for the stable development of commercial Banks in China have some guiding significance, establish and improve the total emission control and network node location prediction feasibility analysis system, but also realize our country's financial security, economic sustainable and stable development of the important topic.
全文按“现状分析—案例借鉴—总量控制—选址分析—效率评价”的思路,对商业银行网点布局进行深入的研究。首先探讨中国商业银行网点布局存在的现实问题,其次,借鉴成功银行网点布局的案例,对我国商业银行网点布局有重要的启示意义,其次,对商业银行网点设置的总量控制是否合理进行分析,解决是否需要在某区域设置网点的问题,再次,对商业银行网点选址设置是否准确进行分析,解决网点具体设置在该区域哪个商圈的问题,最后,对商业银行网点布局的效率进行评价,判断商业银行网点设置与网点选址是否合理。
中国商业银行网点发展经过低效率网点的盲目扩张阶段、集约化阶段和“新网点主义”阶段,进入全面开放的新阶段,但面临着外资银行进入扩张的竞争压力。本文运用我国商业银行2010年的数据对银行网点区域分布、网点总量和从业人员数量进行分析,了解我国商业银行网点布局概况。然后对分别对我国国有商业银行网点之间、全国性股份制商业银行之间和城市商业银行之间进行对比分析,发现我国商业银行网点存在银行渠道建设存在不足,缺乏对网点布局的总量控制、尚未建立网点选址指标体系,网点选址不尽合理和网点转型未引起充分关注,网点运营效率有待提高等问题。鉴于以上问题,从中资银行、外资银行和创新案例的角度对商业银行网点布局的相关案例进行分析,以经验借鉴的方式并结合理论实证,对我国商业银行网点布局有重要的启示意义。
以2010年全国31个省、自治区、直辖市作为研究对象,运用模糊综合评价方法对银行网点布局总量控制进行实证分析。综合考虑各个地区的具体情况,首先选取GDP、GDP增长率等指标构建总量控制指标体系,然后运用熵权法确定指标的权重,最后运用模糊综合评价方法对总量指标体系进行综合评价,得出最优的机构网点数量。全国各地区商业银行出现了网点机构设置与实际的需求量严重不符的现象,主要表现在北京、天津等17个地区的商业银行网点数量已经大大超过了需求量,而河南、山东等5个地区的商业银行网点数量则远小于需求量,只有湖北和湖南的情况较为理想,商业银行网点数量刚好达到饱和状态。
网点选址需要准确定位,并考虑数据的可得性,以湖南省长沙市五个行政区的12个代表性商业圈为研究对象,运用聚类分析方法对银行网点选址进行实证分析。首先,筛选出客户因素、同业竞争因素以及区位因素构建商业银行网点指标体系。然后,采用K-均值聚类法,对长沙市12个商区进行样本分析,输出了分类数为4的聚类结果。最后得出阿波罗商业广场和松桂圆商业圈是最适合商业银行建立营业网点的区位,尤其是综合型的银行营业网点。
以2006-2010年中国主要上市商业银行为研究对象,运用基于DEA模型的Malmquist指数方法评价网点布局效率。运用Malmquist指数方法分别测度我国主要商业银行分支机构及各银行整体的全要素生产率指数变动情况,并通过两者的对比分析研究各商业银行五年来网点布局的效率水平。并得出2006～2010年,各商业银行Malmquist指数总体上呈小幅上升趋势,2009年和2010年大部分上市商业银行网点布局效率较为合理,且股份制商业银行的网点布局明显优于国有商业银行和城市商业银行。
本文的研究意义主要体现在,一方面,通过对商业银行网点布局理论的深入探讨,有助于弥补国内外学者对我国商业银行领域的研究不足,丰富和完善我国商业银行管理学的理论体系,并为我国银行业及整个金融业的持续稳健发展提供理论基础。另一方面,结合我国基本国情及近年来银行业改革和发展的实际情况,探讨调整和优化我国商业银行网点布局决策的方法和途径,对于我国商业银行的稳健发展具有一定的指导意义,建立完善的网点总量控制与网点选址可行性预测分析制度,也是实现我国金融安全,经济持续、稳健发展的重大课题。
The number of domestic banks in the network has obvious advantages, but because of the existing economic system and business model, the domestic banks can not be successful in its own network advantages into competitive advantages. Therefore, how rational distribution of commercial bank outlets is to improve the competitiveness of commercial banks. The network layout decisions include the reasonable control of the network total, accurate positioning network location and improve the efficiency of network layout. In this paper, the use of fuzzy evaluation, cluster analysis and efficiency evaluation model method, the use of the theory of economic geography, agglomeration of economic efficiency theory and regional economic theory, the minimization of costs, maximize the benefits and the principle of supply and demand, optimize the banking network layout, actively promote the network transformation and upgrading.
According to "Analysis--drawing on experience--total control--location analysis--efficiency evaluation", this has researched to distribution network of commercial banks deeply. Firstly, there are practical problems for the network layout of China's commercial banks, and secondly, we learn from the case of successful banking network layout, because the network layout of the commercial banks in China has important implications, and thirdly, to set the network of commercial banks total control is reasonable to analyze and solve the need to set up a regional network in question, once again, on reasonable commercial bank branches located analyze and solve specific network settings in the region which the business district, and finally, the commercial banks to evaluate the efficiency of network layout, set up to determine the commercial bank outlets and network location is reasonable.
The development of chinese commercial bank outlets inefficient outlets blind expansion phase, intensive phase of new outlets stage, to enter a new stage of comprehensive open, but competitive pressures facing the expansion of foreign banks. In this paper, the data of commercial banks in China in2010on the regional distribution of bank branches, outlets total number of employees to analyze and understand the network layout Overview of China's commercial banks. Then between the outlets of the China's state-owned commercial banks, national shareholding commercial banks and city commercial banks are analyzed and found that commercial bank outlets in China exists banking channels construction, lack of total control of the network layout has not been established network site index system, the network location is not reasonable and branch transformation is not given sufficient attention to the network operational efficiency to be improved. In view of the above problems, from banks, foreign banks and the point of view of the examples of innovation, commercial bank outlets layout case analysis, Experience and theoretical empirical network layout of the commercial banks in China have important implications.
Selecting31provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in2010as the sample, we use the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to an empirical analysis of the total control of the banking network layout. Considering the specific circumstances of the various areas, first select the GDP, the GDP growth rate and other indicators to build the total control index system, and then use the Entropy Method to determine the weight of indexes, the last use of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the total index system, come to the optimal number of agency outlets. Regional commercial banks seriously inconsistent phenomenon of the network of institutional settings and the actual demand, as following, the number of commercial banks outlets has greatly exceeded the demand in17districts including Beijing, Tianjin.while in Henan, Shandong, the number of bank outlets is much smaller than demand; only in Hubei and Hunan, the situation is more satisfactory.
Network site requires accurate positioning, and we consider the data available. Twelve representatives of the five boroughs of Changsha City Commercial Circle as a research object, the use of cluster analysis method to an empirical analysis of bank branches location. First, we screen customer factors, intra-industry competition factors and location factors to build the network index system of commercial banks. Then, using the K-means clustering method, sample analysis of12commercial districts of Changsha City, output the number of categories of clustering results. The conclusion that the business circles of the Apollo Commercial Square and loose longan is the most suitable for commercial banks to establish the location of the outlets, in particular, is a comprehensive bank branches.
At the year of2006-2010, the listed comerical banks of China as a research object, we use of DEA and Malmquist Index approach to evaluating the efficiency of network layout. Using Malmquist index method to measure China's major commercial bank branches and banks the overall changes in total factor productivity index, and analyzed by the contrast between the level of all commercial banks to five years, the efficiency of the network layout. Obtained from2006to2010, all commercial banks showe a slight upward trend in the overall Malmquist index. In2009and2010, two years most of the listed commercial banks more reasonable distribution network, and joint-stock commercial banks, state-owned commercial network layout is superior to banks and city commercial banks.
This paper mainly embodied in the research significance, on the one hand, through to the commercial bank site layout the depth of theory, help make up for scholars both at home and abroad to our country commercial bank of research in the field of shortage, enrich and perfect our country commercial bank management theory system, and for our country banking and the entire financial industry of providing theoretical basis for steady development. On the other hand, the second, with China's basic national conditions and in recent years the bank reform and development of the actual conditions, the author discusses adjustment and optimization of our country commercial bank network layout method and way of decision for the stable development of commercial Banks in China have some guiding significance, establish and improve the total emission control and network node location prediction feasibility analysis system, but also realize our country's financial security, economic sustainable and stable development of the important topic.
引文
[1]Goldberg,L.G,Grose.R.Location choice of forerign banks in the United States.Journal of Economics and Business,1994(46):367-379
[2]Nobuyoshi Yamori. A note on the location choice of multinational banks:The case of Japanese financial instituion.Journal of banking&Finance,1998 (22):109-120
[3]Hong Jae Weon, Hong Won Eui, Kwak Yoon Sik.The Study of Location Strategy for Bank through the Analysis of Inter-regional Financial Transaction Network. International Journal of u- and e- Service, Science and Technology,2010(1):21-32
[4]H. Dilara Keskin,Zehra Abdioglu.Factors Affecting the Geographical Distri-bution of Bank Branches in Turkey.European Journal of Social Sciences,2011 (4):23-38
[5]纪美莹.浅谈国有独资商业银行机构网点优化调整中面临的主要问题和应做的工作.青海金融,2002(12)：26-27
[6]梁家森,杨启忠.银行网点的优化调整.中国城市金融,2002(03)：47
[7]黎雯.GIS空间分析与模糊综合评判在银行ATM网点选址中的应用.测绘科学,2008(1),229-337
[8]潘英丽.国际货币经济学.上海：华东师范大学出版社,2003,36-45
[9]徐峰.银行网点选址因素的实证研究—以杭州市为例.[浙江工业大学硕士学位论文],2008,34-41
[10]顾萌.基于城市密度分析下的金融网点布局研究.[东北师范大学硕士学位论文],2009,21-35
[11]富晨理财.富晨理财网点建设整体解决方案,2008,56-71
[12]梁济昌.商业银行分支机构选址研究——以淮安市为例.南京：南京农业大学出版社,2008,24-36
[13]Harder,C..Arcview GIS means business.Redlands,CA:Environmental Research Institute Inc. Press,1997,46-52
[14]陆守一.地理信息系统实用教程.北京：中国林业出版社,2000,48-87
[15]刘宗伟,毛蕴诗.基于GIS与神经网络的商业银行网点选址方法研究.商业经济与管理,2004(9)：56-59
[16]黎雯.GIS支持下的银行ATM网点选址与实现.[西南大学硕士学位论文],2007,78-98
[17]姚任平,廖文兵.基于Map Info软件的GPS控制网点位设计.测绘通报,2011(6)：14-19
[18]王军,马正华.基于LBI的银行管理系统的网点选址算法.中国管理信息化,2009(3)：57-68
[19]徐艳会.ATM机服务网点的区域布局与优化问题研究.[河北师范大学硕士学位论文],2010,35-56
[20]叶蓓.层次分析法在自助银行网点选址中的应用.科技信息,2006(4)：106
[21]徐增标.商业银行布点经济学研究.[河海大学博士学位论文],2008：67-89
[22]孟庆海.层次分析法在商业银行网点选址中的应用.消费导刊,2009(3)：31-33
[23]孙传波.GIS在威海建行城区离行式ATM机选址应用研究.[中国海洋大学硕士学位论文],2009,34-54
[24]Nihan Cinar,S.Sebnem Ahiska.A Decision Support Model for Bank Branch Location Selection.Proceedings of the 2010 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management,2010:26-35
[25]Zhao,L.Developing GIS Tools to Integrate MCDM Models for the Analysis of Bank Branch Cloures.Proc.12th Int.conf.on Geoinformatic—Geospatial Information Research:Bridging the Pacific and Atlantic,2004:12-24
[26]张红.基于GIS的银行ATM区位选址分析.[河南大学硕士学位论文],2006,58-71
[27]Arsuyuki Okabe,Kei-ichi Okunuki.A Computational Method for Estimating the Demond of Retail Stores on a Street Network and its Implementation in GIS.Transactions in GIS,2001(03):209-220
[28]刘合梅.随机需求条件下的自助银行选址方法研究.[西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文],2010：45-56
[29]李峰,薛耀文.基于复杂网络的银行网点布局研究.复杂系统与复杂性科学,2011(02)：64-70
[30]Oral,M.,R.Yolalan.An empirical study on measuring operating efficiency and profitability of bank branches.European Journal of Op. Research,1990,16(7): 282-294
[31]Chen,T-Y.and Yeh,T-L.A study of efficiency evaluation in Taiwan's banks. International Journal of Service Industry Management,1998,23(9):402-415
[32]Casuetal.The evidence of efficiency gains:The role of mergers and the benefits to the public.Journal of Banking and Finance,1999,23(3):991-1013
[33]陈国中,刘志迎.基于Cobb-Douglas函数的银行效率研究.合肥学院学报(自然科学版),2005,23(4)：13-15
[34]李华东,盖国凤.论基于ROE的我国商业银行经营效率.暨南学报(哲学社会科学版),2005,13(4)：23-26
[35]谭中明,陶羽.用因子分析法考察中国商业银行效率.预测,2002,12(2)：51-53
[36]迟国泰.国际金融.大连：大连理工大学出版社,2006,24-45
[37]Farrell, M.J. The Measurement of Productive Efficiency.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society,1957,11 (3):253-290.
[38]Charnes,A.,W.Cooper,& E.,Rhodes.Measuring the efficiency of decision-making units. European Journal of Operational Research,1978,15(2):429-444
[39]刘汉涛.对我国商业银行效率的测度：DEA方法的应用.经济科学,2004,45(6)：48-58
[40]Aude Marie Deville.Branch Banking Network Assessment Using DEA:A Bench-marking Analysis—A Note.Management Accounting Research,2009,20(2):252-261
[41]Tyrone T. Lin, Chia-Chi Lee, Tsui-Fen Chiu.Application of DEA in analyzing a bank's operating performance.Expert Syst,2009,67(5):8883-8891
[42]Mehmet Hasan Ekenl,Suleyman Kale.Measuring bank branch performance using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA):The case of Turkish bank branches. African Journal of Business Management,20115(3):889-901
[43]G.Aslani,S.H.Momeni-Masuleh,A.Malek and F.Ghorbani.Bank efficiency evaluation using a neural network-DEA method.Iranian Journal of Mathematical Sciences and Informatics,2009(2):33-48
[44]朱超.中国银行业效率动态变化的Malmquist指数研究：2000-2004.经济科学,2006,24(5)：51-62
[45]顾乾屏,姜彦福,孙晓昆.基于SE-DEA的商业银行分支机构效率.清华大学学报(自然科学版),2008(12)：2146-2148
[46]毕功兵,梁樑,杨锋.两阶段生产系统DEA效率评价模型.中国管理科学,2007(2)：92-96
[47]李双杰,梅丽.基于多阶段网络化DEA模型视角的农行经营支行效率分析.经济论坛,2008(3)：114-117
[48]许晓雯,时鹏将.基于DEA和SFA的我国商业银行效率研究.数理统计与管理,2006(25)：68-72
[49]索贵彬,赵国杰.基于变规模DEA方法的国有商业银行效率评价.西安电子科技大学学报(社会科学版).2005(15)：43-47
[50]杨大强,张爱武.1996-2005年中国商业银行的效率评价—基于成本效率和利润效率的实证分析.金融研究,2007(12)：102-113
[51]马庆国,石亦思.基于Malmqusit指数商业银行经营效率实证研究：2000-2006.北京理工大学学报(社会科学版),2008(5)：22-32
[52]王锦慧,蓝发钦.基于DEA的我国商业银行效率研究：1994-2006.四川大学学报,2008(04)：94-100
[53]方燕,白先花.中国商业银行经营效率分析—三阶段DEA之应用.中央财经大学学报,2008(6)：41-46
[54]曹昌军,李宗植.商业银行的动态效率评价—基于主成分分析的指标选择和面板数据因素分析.广东商学院学报.,2007,(6)：65-71
[55]尹希果,刘佳.基于面板数据模型的我国银行业效率影响因素分析.大连理工大学学报(社会科学版),2009(01)：11-15
[56]阿尔弗雷德·韦伯(著),李刚剑,陈志人,张英保(译).工业区位论.北京：商务印书馆,2010,123-154
[57]沃尔特·艾萨德(著),杨开忠(译).区位与空间经济,北京：北京大学出版社,2011,221-302
[58]W.Christaller., Die zentralen Orte in Suddeutschland. Jena. Germany:Fischer. The Central Places of Southern Germany. Englewood Clifs N J.Prentice-hall.Inc. 1933,236-254
[59]杜能(著),吴衡康(译).孤立国同农业和国民经济的关系.北京：商务印书馆,2009：321-357
[60]Charnes,A., W.W. Cooper, and E. Rhodes. Measuring the efficiency of decision making units. European Journal of Operational Research,1978(2):429-444
[61]Banker,R.D.,A.Charnes,W.W.Cooper.Models for Estimation of Technical and Scale Inefficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis. Mgmt.Sci.1984(30), 1078-1092.
[62]Malmquist, S. Index Numbers and Indifference Curves. Trabajos de Estatistica 1953(4),89-121
[63]Fare,R.Grosskopf,S.,Lindgren,B,and Roos,P.Productivity Changes in Swedish Phamacies 1980-1989:A Non-parametric Malmqusit Approach.Journal of Productivity Analysis 1992(3):85-101
[64]Lovell, C.A.K.. Production Frontier and Productive Efficiency. Oxford:Oxford University Press,1993:3-67
[65]Athanassopoulos A.D.,Gilkas D..The Use of Data Envelopment Analysis in Banking Institutions:Evidence From the Commencial Bank of Greece. Interfaces,2000,30(2):81-95
[66]肖怡.企业连锁经营与管理.东北财经大学出版社,2006,132-133
[67]姜建清.国有商业银行分支机构管理问题研究.金融研究,2001,9(3)：1-17
[68]Satty.T.L, The Analytic Hierarchy Process.MvGraw-Hill,NewYork,1980
[69]王莲芬.层次分析法引论.北京：中国人民大学出版社,1990,4-20
[70]彭程,武齐.花旗营销——银行营销的新时代.北京：中国经济出版社,2003,21-53
[71]M.Taleai,A.Sharifi,R,Sliuzas,M.Mesgari.Evaluation the compatibility of Multi-functional and intensive urban land uses International.Journal ofApplied Earth observation and Geoinformation,2007,9(1):375-391
[72]Suprasith Jarupathirun,Fatemeh"Mariam" Zahedi.ExPloring the influence of Perceptual factors in the success of web-based spatial DSS.Journal of DecisionSupport Systems,2007,43(1):993-951
[73]张文忠.经济区位论.北京：科学出版社,2000,4-25
[74]冯嗣全,欧阳令南.基于地理信息的银行国际化选址问题研究.财经论丛,2004(01)：31-36
[75]高铁梅.计量经济分析方法与建模,清华大学出版社,2006,79-109
[76]刘汉涛.对我国商业银行效率的测度：DEA方法的应用.经济科学.2004(6)：32-36
[77]魏煜,王丽.中国商业银行效率研究：一种非参数的分析.金融研究.2000(3)：23-45
[78]奚君羊,曾振宇.我国商业银行的效率分析.国际金融研究,2003(5)：11-16
[79]姚晋兰,毛定祥.基于DEA-Tobit两步法的股份制商业银行效率评价与分析.上海大学学报(自然科学版).2009(4)：1-13
[80]袁云峰,郭莉,郭显光.基于多阶段超效率DEA模型的银行业效率研究.中央财经大学学报.2006(6)：21-27
[81]张健华.我国商业银行效率研究的DEA方法及1997-2001年效率的实证分析.金融研究.2003(3)：12-15
[82]Altunbasy,Gardenerepm,Mooreb,etc..Efficiency in European banking.European Economic Review,2001(45):31-53
[83]Berger, A.N., and Humphrey, D.B.,1997. Efficiency of Financial Institutions: International Survey and Directions for Future Research.European Journal of Operational Research,1998(2):175-212.
[84]Casu B, Molyneux P. A Comparative Study of Efficiency in European Banking. Wharton FIC Working Paper.2000(17):58-79
[85]D. McEachern and J. Paradi, Intra and Inter Country Bank Branch Assessment Using, Journal of Productivity Analysis,2007(27):123-136
[86]G.E. Halkos and D.S. Salamouris, Efficiency Measurement of the Greek Commercial Banks with the Use of Financial Ratios:A Data Envelopment Analysis Approach, Management Accounting Research 2004(5):201-204.
[87]Jackson P. M, Feth IMD. Evaluating the Technical Efficiency of Turkish Commercial Banks:An Application of DEA and Tobit Analysis [R]. International DEA Symposium in University of Queensland, Working Paper, 2000,51-78
[88]Jose Manuel Pastor, Francisco Perez, Javier Quesada, Efficiency Analysis in Banking Firms:An International Comparison, European Journal of Operational Research 1997(98):395-407
[89]Pastor J.M, Perez F and Quesada J. Efficiency Analysis in Banking Firms:An International Comparison.European Journal of Operational Research.1997(2): 395-407
[90]Sathye,M..X-Efficiency in Australian Banking:An Empirical Investigation, Journal of Banking and Finance,,2001 (25):613-630
[91]Sherman, H.D., Gold, F.. Bank Branch Operating Efficiency:Evaluation with Data Envelopment Analysis. Journal of Banking and Finance 1985(2),297-315
[92]Wheelock. D. C and P. W. Wilson."Technical Progress, Inefficiency, and Productivity Change in US Banking,1984-1993,"Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking,1999(31):212-234
[93]孔云峰.地理信息系统在区域商业和经济中的应用初探.经济地理,1999(5)：1-5
[94]徐玮,张伟锋.银行业空间布局与竞争战略选择—以入世后的上海市为例.上海金融.2003(6)
[95]Adam Smith.An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations.[The Pennsylvanis State University],2005,123-156
[96]Parr.Structure and Size in the Urban System of Losch. Economic Geography. 1973(49):185-212.
[97]Mulligan G F. Central Place Populations:Some Implications of Consumer Shopping Behavior. Annals of the Association of American Geographers,1984 (74):44-56
[98]von Boventer. Toward a Unified Theory off Spatial Economic Structure. Papersof the Regional Science Association.1963(10):163-187
[99]孔云峰.地理信息系统在区域商业和经济中的应用初探.经济地理,1999(5)：1-5
[100]Dacey M F. Population of Places in a Central Place Hierarchy.Journal of Regional Science.1966(6):27-33.
[101]R Barlowe.Land Resource Economics:The Economics of Real Estate (4th Edition). Prentice Hall.1985,146-178
[102]孙元欣,黄培清.竞争型连锁经营网点选址模型与遗传算法解.科学学与科学技术管理,2001(10)：60-63
[103]邹兵,周丽亚.探讨多层次控制城市密度的技术方法—深圳经济特区密度分区研究—的主要思路.城市规划,2004(4)
[104]Zhao le.The Integration of Geographical Information Systems and Multicriteria Decision Making Models for the Analysis of Branch Closures.Unpublished Phd thesis.UNSW.2002,123-143
[105]邹新.马素红.2004年国际经济金融走势及其对我国经济金融的影响分析.金融论坛.2004(4)：22-31
[106]张文忠.经济区位论.科学出版社.2002,143-176
[107]肖东发.张淑.中国统计资料概览.书目文献出版社.1996,51-65
[108]王国恩.城市规划与城市土地利用规划.城市发展研究.1997(6)：37-46
[109]高印朝,姚洪心.基于“金融地理”观的金融中心形成理论的经济学评述.上海金融.2007,(6)：67-79.
[110]李小建.金融地理学理论视角及中国金融地理研究.经济地理,2006(9)：50-58
[111]Rupa Rege Nitsure. E-banking:Challenges and Opportunities. Eeonomic and Political Weekly,2003(12):12-14
[112]Marta Sofia Rodrigues Monteiro. Bank-Branch Loction and Sizing under Economies of Scale. Sprining Berlin Heidelberg,2006,32-43
[113]Manijeh Sabi.AN Applicationof the Theory of Foreign Direct Investment to Multinational Banking in LDCS.Journal of International Business Studies, 1988,29(3):121-135
[114]Nobuyoshi Yamori.A Note on the Location Choice of Multinational Banks: The Case of Japanese Financial Institution.Journal of Banking & Finance,1996, 15(4):176-189
[115]Kotler. A Generic Concept of Marketing. Journal of Marketing,1972(36):46-54
[116]Porter.Competitive Advantage:Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. New York:The Free Press,1985,34-54
[117]Zeithaml, ValarieA. Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality, and Value:A Means-End Model and Synthesis of Evidence. Journal of Marketing,1988(3): 2-21
[118]Gale,Bradley T. Managing Customer Value. New York:The Free Press,1994, 22-34
[119]Woodruff, Customer Value:the Next Source for Copetitive Advantage,Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,1997(26):139-153
[120]Anderson, James C and James A Narus.Business Marketing:Understand What Customers Value.Harvard Business Review,1998(6):53-63
[121]Monroe, Kent B and Joseph D. Chapman. Framing Effects on Buyers'Subjective Product Evaluations. Advances in Consumer Research,1987(1):193-197
[122]Gronroons, Christian. Value-driven Relational Marketing:from Products to Resources and Competencies.Journal of Marketing Management,1997(5):407-419
[123]Pirkul Schillng.The maximal covering location problem with capacities on total workload.Management Science,1991 (37):233-246
[124]Tapiero.A supply chain net work equilibrium model.Transportation Research, 2002,(38):281-303
[125]Daskin Stern.Network and discrete location:models algorithms and applications. NewYork:Wiley,1995,134-156
[126]Drenzner Z. Dynamic facility location:the progressive p-median problem. Location Science,1995,3(1):1-7
[127]Aykin.Lagrangian relaxation based approaches to capacitated hub-and-spoke network design problem.European Journal of Operational Researh.1994,79: 501-523
[128]Mayer,Wagner.An exact solution method for the multiple allocation hub location problem. Computers & Operations Research,1994,79:715-739
[129]马良.多目标平面选址问题的模拟退火算法.系统工程理论与实践,1997,3：70-73
[130]孙元庆,黄培清.竞争型连锁经营网点选址模型与遗传算法解.科学学与科学技术管理,2001,10：60-63
[131]Lixun Zhang,Gerard Rushton,Optimizing the size and locations of facilities in competitive multi-site service systems.Computers&Operations Research 2008 (35):327-338
[132]Vladimir Marianov,Miguel Rios,Manuel Jose Icaza,Facility location for market capture when users rank facilities by shorter travel and waiting times. European Journal of Operation Research,2007(191):32-44
[133]Marianov V, Serra D .Probabilistic,maximal covering location-allocation models for ciongested systems. J Reg Sci 1998(38):401-424
[134]Berman O,Larson R C. Optimal 2-facility network districting in the presence of queuing. Transportation Science,1985,19(3):261-277
[135]邹新,马素红.国有商业银行分支机构调整战略及规划探析.金融论坛,2004(3)：46-47
[136]胡婕.我国商业银行服务渠道竞争力与网点转型研究.金融论坛,2009(8)：78-80
[137]陈四清.我国商业银行经营性分支机构开展长效机制建设的思考.金融论坛,2008(2)：67-70
[138]王煦逸.商业银行客户资信评价模糊综合判别模型.金融研究,2002(7)：44-52
[139]张立军.旅游服务质量模糊综合评价方法研究.数量经济技术经济研究,2003(1)：85-88.
[140]彭国甫.地方政府公共事业管理绩效模糊综合评价模型及实证分析.数量经济技术经济研究,2005(11)：129-136.
[141]王兵,朱宁.不良贷款约束下的中国上市商业银行效率和全要素生产率研究——基于SBM方向性距离函数的实证分析.金融研究,2011(1)：110-130
[142]袁晓玲,张宝山.中国商业银行全要素生产率的影响因素研究——基于DEA模型的Malmquist指数分析.数量经济技术经济研究,2009(4)：93-116
[143]柯孔林,冯宗宪.中国银行业全要素生产率测度——基于Malmquist-Luenberger (?)旨数研究.数量经济技术经济研究,2008(4)：110-120
[144]张健华,王鹏.银行效率及其影响因素研究——基于中、外银行业的跨国比较.金融研究,2011(5)：13-28
[145]蔡跃洲,郭梅军.我国上市商业银行全要素生产率的实证分析.经济研究,2009(9)：52-65
[2]Nobuyoshi Yamori. A note on the location choice of multinational banks:The case of Japanese financial instituion.Journal of banking&Finance,1998 (22):109-120
[3]Hong Jae Weon, Hong Won Eui, Kwak Yoon Sik.The Study of Location Strategy for Bank through the Analysis of Inter-regional Financial Transaction Network. International Journal of u- and e- Service, Science and Technology,2010(1):21-32
[4]H. Dilara Keskin,Zehra Abdioglu.Factors Affecting the Geographical Distri-bution of Bank Branches in Turkey.European Journal of Social Sciences,2011 (4):23-38
[5]纪美莹.浅谈国有独资商业银行机构网点优化调整中面临的主要问题和应做的工作.青海金融,2002(12)：26-27
[6]梁家森,杨启忠.银行网点的优化调整.中国城市金融,2002(03)：47
[7]黎雯.GIS空间分析与模糊综合评判在银行ATM网点选址中的应用.测绘科学,2008(1),229-337
[8]潘英丽.国际货币经济学.上海：华东师范大学出版社,2003,36-45
[9]徐峰.银行网点选址因素的实证研究—以杭州市为例.[浙江工业大学硕士学位论文],2008,34-41
[10]顾萌.基于城市密度分析下的金融网点布局研究.[东北师范大学硕士学位论文],2009,21-35
[11]富晨理财.富晨理财网点建设整体解决方案,2008,56-71
[12]梁济昌.商业银行分支机构选址研究——以淮安市为例.南京：南京农业大学出版社,2008,24-36
[13]Harder,C..Arcview GIS means business.Redlands,CA:Environmental Research Institute Inc. Press,1997,46-52
[14]陆守一.地理信息系统实用教程.北京：中国林业出版社,2000,48-87
[15]刘宗伟,毛蕴诗.基于GIS与神经网络的商业银行网点选址方法研究.商业经济与管理,2004(9)：56-59
[16]黎雯.GIS支持下的银行ATM网点选址与实现.[西南大学硕士学位论文],2007,78-98
[17]姚任平,廖文兵.基于Map Info软件的GPS控制网点位设计.测绘通报,2011(6)：14-19
[18]王军,马正华.基于LBI的银行管理系统的网点选址算法.中国管理信息化,2009(3)：57-68
[19]徐艳会.ATM机服务网点的区域布局与优化问题研究.[河北师范大学硕士学位论文],2010,35-56
[20]叶蓓.层次分析法在自助银行网点选址中的应用.科技信息,2006(4)：106
[21]徐增标.商业银行布点经济学研究.[河海大学博士学位论文],2008：67-89
[22]孟庆海.层次分析法在商业银行网点选址中的应用.消费导刊,2009(3)：31-33
[23]孙传波.GIS在威海建行城区离行式ATM机选址应用研究.[中国海洋大学硕士学位论文],2009,34-54
[24]Nihan Cinar,S.Sebnem Ahiska.A Decision Support Model for Bank Branch Location Selection.Proceedings of the 2010 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management,2010:26-35
[25]Zhao,L.Developing GIS Tools to Integrate MCDM Models for the Analysis of Bank Branch Cloures.Proc.12th Int.conf.on Geoinformatic—Geospatial Information Research:Bridging the Pacific and Atlantic,2004:12-24
[26]张红.基于GIS的银行ATM区位选址分析.[河南大学硕士学位论文],2006,58-71
[27]Arsuyuki Okabe,Kei-ichi Okunuki.A Computational Method for Estimating the Demond of Retail Stores on a Street Network and its Implementation in GIS.Transactions in GIS,2001(03):209-220
[28]刘合梅.随机需求条件下的自助银行选址方法研究.[西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文],2010：45-56
[29]李峰,薛耀文.基于复杂网络的银行网点布局研究.复杂系统与复杂性科学,2011(02)：64-70
[30]Oral,M.,R.Yolalan.An empirical study on measuring operating efficiency and profitability of bank branches.European Journal of Op. Research,1990,16(7): 282-294
[31]Chen,T-Y.and Yeh,T-L.A study of efficiency evaluation in Taiwan's banks. International Journal of Service Industry Management,1998,23(9):402-415
[32]Casuetal.The evidence of efficiency gains:The role of mergers and the benefits to the public.Journal of Banking and Finance,1999,23(3):991-1013
[33]陈国中,刘志迎.基于Cobb-Douglas函数的银行效率研究.合肥学院学报(自然科学版),2005,23(4)：13-15
[34]李华东,盖国凤.论基于ROE的我国商业银行经营效率.暨南学报(哲学社会科学版),2005,13(4)：23-26
[35]谭中明,陶羽.用因子分析法考察中国商业银行效率.预测,2002,12(2)：51-53
[36]迟国泰.国际金融.大连：大连理工大学出版社,2006,24-45
[37]Farrell, M.J. The Measurement of Productive Efficiency.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society,1957,11 (3):253-290.
[38]Charnes,A.,W.Cooper,& E.,Rhodes.Measuring the efficiency of decision-making units. European Journal of Operational Research,1978,15(2):429-444
[39]刘汉涛.对我国商业银行效率的测度：DEA方法的应用.经济科学,2004,45(6)：48-58
[40]Aude Marie Deville.Branch Banking Network Assessment Using DEA:A Bench-marking Analysis—A Note.Management Accounting Research,2009,20(2):252-261
[41]Tyrone T. Lin, Chia-Chi Lee, Tsui-Fen Chiu.Application of DEA in analyzing a bank's operating performance.Expert Syst,2009,67(5):8883-8891
[42]Mehmet Hasan Ekenl,Suleyman Kale.Measuring bank branch performance using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA):The case of Turkish bank branches. African Journal of Business Management,20115(3):889-901
[43]G.Aslani,S.H.Momeni-Masuleh,A.Malek and F.Ghorbani.Bank efficiency evaluation using a neural network-DEA method.Iranian Journal of Mathematical Sciences and Informatics,2009(2):33-48
[44]朱超.中国银行业效率动态变化的Malmquist指数研究：2000-2004.经济科学,2006,24(5)：51-62
[45]顾乾屏,姜彦福,孙晓昆.基于SE-DEA的商业银行分支机构效率.清华大学学报(自然科学版),2008(12)：2146-2148
[46]毕功兵,梁樑,杨锋.两阶段生产系统DEA效率评价模型.中国管理科学,2007(2)：92-96
[47]李双杰,梅丽.基于多阶段网络化DEA模型视角的农行经营支行效率分析.经济论坛,2008(3)：114-117
[48]许晓雯,时鹏将.基于DEA和SFA的我国商业银行效率研究.数理统计与管理,2006(25)：68-72
[49]索贵彬,赵国杰.基于变规模DEA方法的国有商业银行效率评价.西安电子科技大学学报(社会科学版).2005(15)：43-47
[50]杨大强,张爱武.1996-2005年中国商业银行的效率评价—基于成本效率和利润效率的实证分析.金融研究,2007(12)：102-113
[51]马庆国,石亦思.基于Malmqusit指数商业银行经营效率实证研究：2000-2006.北京理工大学学报(社会科学版),2008(5)：22-32
[52]王锦慧,蓝发钦.基于DEA的我国商业银行效率研究：1994-2006.四川大学学报,2008(04)：94-100
[53]方燕,白先花.中国商业银行经营效率分析—三阶段DEA之应用.中央财经大学学报,2008(6)：41-46
[54]曹昌军,李宗植.商业银行的动态效率评价—基于主成分分析的指标选择和面板数据因素分析.广东商学院学报.,2007,(6)：65-71
[55]尹希果,刘佳.基于面板数据模型的我国银行业效率影响因素分析.大连理工大学学报(社会科学版),2009(01)：11-15
[56]阿尔弗雷德·韦伯(著),李刚剑,陈志人,张英保(译).工业区位论.北京：商务印书馆,2010,123-154
[57]沃尔特·艾萨德(著),杨开忠(译).区位与空间经济,北京：北京大学出版社,2011,221-302
[58]W.Christaller., Die zentralen Orte in Suddeutschland. Jena. Germany:Fischer. The Central Places of Southern Germany. Englewood Clifs N J.Prentice-hall.Inc. 1933,236-254
[59]杜能(著),吴衡康(译).孤立国同农业和国民经济的关系.北京：商务印书馆,2009：321-357
[60]Charnes,A., W.W. Cooper, and E. Rhodes. Measuring the efficiency of decision making units. European Journal of Operational Research,1978(2):429-444
[61]Banker,R.D.,A.Charnes,W.W.Cooper.Models for Estimation of Technical and Scale Inefficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis. Mgmt.Sci.1984(30), 1078-1092.
[62]Malmquist, S. Index Numbers and Indifference Curves. Trabajos de Estatistica 1953(4),89-121
[63]Fare,R.Grosskopf,S.,Lindgren,B,and Roos,P.Productivity Changes in Swedish Phamacies 1980-1989:A Non-parametric Malmqusit Approach.Journal of Productivity Analysis 1992(3):85-101
[64]Lovell, C.A.K.. Production Frontier and Productive Efficiency. Oxford:Oxford University Press,1993:3-67
[65]Athanassopoulos A.D.,Gilkas D..The Use of Data Envelopment Analysis in Banking Institutions:Evidence From the Commencial Bank of Greece. Interfaces,2000,30(2):81-95
[66]肖怡.企业连锁经营与管理.东北财经大学出版社,2006,132-133
[67]姜建清.国有商业银行分支机构管理问题研究.金融研究,2001,9(3)：1-17
[68]Satty.T.L, The Analytic Hierarchy Process.MvGraw-Hill,NewYork,1980
[69]王莲芬.层次分析法引论.北京：中国人民大学出版社,1990,4-20
[70]彭程,武齐.花旗营销——银行营销的新时代.北京：中国经济出版社,2003,21-53
[71]M.Taleai,A.Sharifi,R,Sliuzas,M.Mesgari.Evaluation the compatibility of Multi-functional and intensive urban land uses International.Journal ofApplied Earth observation and Geoinformation,2007,9(1):375-391
[72]Suprasith Jarupathirun,Fatemeh"Mariam" Zahedi.ExPloring the influence of Perceptual factors in the success of web-based spatial DSS.Journal of DecisionSupport Systems,2007,43(1):993-951
[73]张文忠.经济区位论.北京：科学出版社,2000,4-25
[74]冯嗣全,欧阳令南.基于地理信息的银行国际化选址问题研究.财经论丛,2004(01)：31-36
[75]高铁梅.计量经济分析方法与建模,清华大学出版社,2006,79-109
[76]刘汉涛.对我国商业银行效率的测度：DEA方法的应用.经济科学.2004(6)：32-36
[77]魏煜,王丽.中国商业银行效率研究：一种非参数的分析.金融研究.2000(3)：23-45
[78]奚君羊,曾振宇.我国商业银行的效率分析.国际金融研究,2003(5)：11-16
[79]姚晋兰,毛定祥.基于DEA-Tobit两步法的股份制商业银行效率评价与分析.上海大学学报(自然科学版).2009(4)：1-13
[80]袁云峰,郭莉,郭显光.基于多阶段超效率DEA模型的银行业效率研究.中央财经大学学报.2006(6)：21-27
[81]张健华.我国商业银行效率研究的DEA方法及1997-2001年效率的实证分析.金融研究.2003(3)：12-15
[82]Altunbasy,Gardenerepm,Mooreb,etc..Efficiency in European banking.European Economic Review,2001(45):31-53
[83]Berger, A.N., and Humphrey, D.B.,1997. Efficiency of Financial Institutions: International Survey and Directions for Future Research.European Journal of Operational Research,1998(2):175-212.
[84]Casu B, Molyneux P. A Comparative Study of Efficiency in European Banking. Wharton FIC Working Paper.2000(17):58-79
[85]D. McEachern and J. Paradi, Intra and Inter Country Bank Branch Assessment Using, Journal of Productivity Analysis,2007(27):123-136
[86]G.E. Halkos and D.S. Salamouris, Efficiency Measurement of the Greek Commercial Banks with the Use of Financial Ratios:A Data Envelopment Analysis Approach, Management Accounting Research 2004(5):201-204.
[87]Jackson P. M, Feth IMD. Evaluating the Technical Efficiency of Turkish Commercial Banks:An Application of DEA and Tobit Analysis [R]. International DEA Symposium in University of Queensland, Working Paper, 2000,51-78
[88]Jose Manuel Pastor, Francisco Perez, Javier Quesada, Efficiency Analysis in Banking Firms:An International Comparison, European Journal of Operational Research 1997(98):395-407
[89]Pastor J.M, Perez F and Quesada J. Efficiency Analysis in Banking Firms:An International Comparison.European Journal of Operational Research.1997(2): 395-407
[90]Sathye,M..X-Efficiency in Australian Banking:An Empirical Investigation, Journal of Banking and Finance,,2001 (25):613-630
[91]Sherman, H.D., Gold, F.. Bank Branch Operating Efficiency:Evaluation with Data Envelopment Analysis. Journal of Banking and Finance 1985(2),297-315
[92]Wheelock. D. C and P. W. Wilson."Technical Progress, Inefficiency, and Productivity Change in US Banking,1984-1993,"Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking,1999(31):212-234
[93]孔云峰.地理信息系统在区域商业和经济中的应用初探.经济地理,1999(5)：1-5
[94]徐玮,张伟锋.银行业空间布局与竞争战略选择—以入世后的上海市为例.上海金融.2003(6)
[95]Adam Smith.An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations.[The Pennsylvanis State University],2005,123-156
[96]Parr.Structure and Size in the Urban System of Losch. Economic Geography. 1973(49):185-212.
[97]Mulligan G F. Central Place Populations:Some Implications of Consumer Shopping Behavior. Annals of the Association of American Geographers,1984 (74):44-56
[98]von Boventer. Toward a Unified Theory off Spatial Economic Structure. Papersof the Regional Science Association.1963(10):163-187
[99]孔云峰.地理信息系统在区域商业和经济中的应用初探.经济地理,1999(5)：1-5
[100]Dacey M F. Population of Places in a Central Place Hierarchy.Journal of Regional Science.1966(6):27-33.
[101]R Barlowe.Land Resource Economics:The Economics of Real Estate (4th Edition). Prentice Hall.1985,146-178
[102]孙元欣,黄培清.竞争型连锁经营网点选址模型与遗传算法解.科学学与科学技术管理,2001(10)：60-63
[103]邹兵,周丽亚.探讨多层次控制城市密度的技术方法—深圳经济特区密度分区研究—的主要思路.城市规划,2004(4)
[104]Zhao le.The Integration of Geographical Information Systems and Multicriteria Decision Making Models for the Analysis of Branch Closures.Unpublished Phd thesis.UNSW.2002,123-143
[105]邹新.马素红.2004年国际经济金融走势及其对我国经济金融的影响分析.金融论坛.2004(4)：22-31
[106]张文忠.经济区位论.科学出版社.2002,143-176
[107]肖东发.张淑.中国统计资料概览.书目文献出版社.1996,51-65
[108]王国恩.城市规划与城市土地利用规划.城市发展研究.1997(6)：37-46
[109]高印朝,姚洪心.基于“金融地理”观的金融中心形成理论的经济学评述.上海金融.2007,(6)：67-79.
[110]李小建.金融地理学理论视角及中国金融地理研究.经济地理,2006(9)：50-58
[111]Rupa Rege Nitsure. E-banking:Challenges and Opportunities. Eeonomic and Political Weekly,2003(12):12-14
[112]Marta Sofia Rodrigues Monteiro. Bank-Branch Loction and Sizing under Economies of Scale. Sprining Berlin Heidelberg,2006,32-43
[113]Manijeh Sabi.AN Applicationof the Theory of Foreign Direct Investment to Multinational Banking in LDCS.Journal of International Business Studies, 1988,29(3):121-135
[114]Nobuyoshi Yamori.A Note on the Location Choice of Multinational Banks: The Case of Japanese Financial Institution.Journal of Banking & Finance,1996, 15(4):176-189
[115]Kotler. A Generic Concept of Marketing. Journal of Marketing,1972(36):46-54
[116]Porter.Competitive Advantage:Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. New York:The Free Press,1985,34-54
[117]Zeithaml, ValarieA. Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality, and Value:A Means-End Model and Synthesis of Evidence. Journal of Marketing,1988(3): 2-21
[118]Gale,Bradley T. Managing Customer Value. New York:The Free Press,1994, 22-34
[119]Woodruff, Customer Value:the Next Source for Copetitive Advantage,Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,1997(26):139-153
[120]Anderson, James C and James A Narus.Business Marketing:Understand What Customers Value.Harvard Business Review,1998(6):53-63
[121]Monroe, Kent B and Joseph D. Chapman. Framing Effects on Buyers'Subjective Product Evaluations. Advances in Consumer Research,1987(1):193-197
[122]Gronroons, Christian. Value-driven Relational Marketing:from Products to Resources and Competencies.Journal of Marketing Management,1997(5):407-419
[123]Pirkul Schillng.The maximal covering location problem with capacities on total workload.Management Science,1991 (37):233-246
[124]Tapiero.A supply chain net work equilibrium model.Transportation Research, 2002,(38):281-303
[125]Daskin Stern.Network and discrete location:models algorithms and applications. NewYork:Wiley,1995,134-156
[126]Drenzner Z. Dynamic facility location:the progressive p-median problem. Location Science,1995,3(1):1-7
[127]Aykin.Lagrangian relaxation based approaches to capacitated hub-and-spoke network design problem.European Journal of Operational Researh.1994,79: 501-523
[128]Mayer,Wagner.An exact solution method for the multiple allocation hub location problem. Computers & Operations Research,1994,79:715-739
[129]马良.多目标平面选址问题的模拟退火算法.系统工程理论与实践,1997,3：70-73
[130]孙元庆,黄培清.竞争型连锁经营网点选址模型与遗传算法解.科学学与科学技术管理,2001,10：60-63
[131]Lixun Zhang,Gerard Rushton,Optimizing the size and locations of facilities in competitive multi-site service systems.Computers&Operations Research 2008 (35):327-338
[132]Vladimir Marianov,Miguel Rios,Manuel Jose Icaza,Facility location for market capture when users rank facilities by shorter travel and waiting times. European Journal of Operation Research,2007(191):32-44
[133]Marianov V, Serra D .Probabilistic,maximal covering location-allocation models for ciongested systems. J Reg Sci 1998(38):401-424
[134]Berman O,Larson R C. Optimal 2-facility network districting in the presence of queuing. Transportation Science,1985,19(3):261-277
[135]邹新,马素红.国有商业银行分支机构调整战略及规划探析.金融论坛,2004(3)：46-47
[136]胡婕.我国商业银行服务渠道竞争力与网点转型研究.金融论坛,2009(8)：78-80
[137]陈四清.我国商业银行经营性分支机构开展长效机制建设的思考.金融论坛,2008(2)：67-70
[138]王煦逸.商业银行客户资信评价模糊综合判别模型.金融研究,2002(7)：44-52
[139]张立军.旅游服务质量模糊综合评价方法研究.数量经济技术经济研究,2003(1)：85-88.
[140]彭国甫.地方政府公共事业管理绩效模糊综合评价模型及实证分析.数量经济技术经济研究,2005(11)：129-136.
[141]王兵,朱宁.不良贷款约束下的中国上市商业银行效率和全要素生产率研究——基于SBM方向性距离函数的实证分析.金融研究,2011(1)：110-130
[142]袁晓玲,张宝山.中国商业银行全要素生产率的影响因素研究——基于DEA模型的Malmquist指数分析.数量经济技术经济研究,2009(4)：93-116
[143]柯孔林,冯宗宪.中国银行业全要素生产率测度——基于Malmquist-Luenberger (?)旨数研究.数量经济技术经济研究,2008(4)：110-120
[144]张健华,王鹏.银行效率及其影响因素研究——基于中、外银行业的跨国比较.金融研究,2011(5)：13-28
[145]蔡跃洲,郭梅军.我国上市商业银行全要素生产率的实证分析.经济研究,2009(9)：52-65
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |