用户名: 密码: 验证码:
电子商务税收征管体系研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
随着我国电子商务的蓬勃发展,相关税收问题越来越受到各方关注。2011年7月,武汉国税局对网店“我的百分之一”征税430.79万元,再一次引发电子商务税收热议。电子商务要不要征税,应该怎样征税?这些问题引起了理论界和广大网络交易者的重大关注。一方面,传统商务税收管理中长期存在的征纳税双方信息不对称、纳税不遵从普遍存在、税收征管效率低成本高、税收稽查力量薄弱等老大难问题被电子商务全盘继承,另一方面,随着电子商务小额交易、异地交易及无形产品交易比例的提高,税源监控和税收管辖权的实现也越来越困难,使电子商务对税收征管的挑战日趋严重。因此,研究电子商务背景下的税收征管新特点、新问题、新方法,建立既适应对电子商务管理的需求又能对传统商务遗留问题进行很好解决的税收征管体系,对促进电子商务健康发展乃至维护国家税收权益,都具有重要的理论和现实意义。
     论文在对电子商务涉税特点、税收征管基础研究和现有电子商务税收方案及对策的大量文献进行归纳、总结的基础上,结合对我国电子商务税收征管现状的分析,运用定性和定量分析相结合的方法,找出了造成现行税收征管体系对电子商务税收征管能力不足的原因;提出了电子商务税收征管体系的总体模型;研究了电子对账、电子发票、电子资金流监控和电子商务税收管辖权分配4项核心功能的实现方案。具体包含以下内容:
     1)对电子商务涉税特点进行了归纳,总结了电子商务对税收征管带来的5项挑战与1项机遇;澄清了对电子商务涉税观点的认识误区,提出已有文献所指的电子商务税收征管问题不能都归因于电子商务本身,而应将它们分为继承性、放大性和特有性3类,分别研究、区别对待;回顾和评价了传统税收征管中的纳税遵从研究成果和税收管辖权理论;介绍和评价了各方提出的电子商务税收方案及对策。
     2)从税收征管的流程出发,建立了税收征管力评价指标体系和评价模型。运用定性和定量相结合的方法,对现行税收征管体系的电子商务税收征管能力进行了全面的评价。发现传统税收征管体系对电子商务的税收征管力严重不足,综合税收征管完美度仅为43.93%,及电子商务税收征管的薄弱环节。运用改进鱼骨图对薄弱环节进行分析,发现造成电子商务税收征管力不足的18个原因。通过计算不同原因对税收征管力不足造成的影响,发现继承性问题(如“信息化程度低”)的影响度最高,达50.41%,说明传统商务中的老问题依然是电子商务税收征管的最大威胁;策略性原因(如“缺乏与电子商务平台的合作”)的影响度排名第2,达28.53%,说明近三成的电子商务税收征管力损失可以通过转变观念、澄清思想、改变征管策略挽回;电子商务特性(如“无店铺经营”)的影响度排名第3,达17.68%;放大性问题(如“面向个人销售、异地销售监管难”)的影响度排名最末,仅为3.39%。
     3)以系统化、科学化、信息化为指导思想,建立了电子商务税收征管体系总体模型。将模型中的系统要素分为功能要素和支撑要素,功能要素又分为按税收征管流程展开的8项环节要素和用于提升环节要素的10项手段要素,对各要素的功能、地位及要素间的相互作用进行了规定。将系统功能的实现层次分为奠基层、科学层、智能层三层,并明确了以位于科学层的电子对账、电子发票、电子资金流监控和电子商务税收管辖权分配为本文要研究的核心功能。
     4)运用信息化手段,对我国税收征管中最重要的税源监控手段——“以票控税”进行了加强。
     通过对“以票控税”管理流程的分析,阐明了“以票控税”的原理,提出了对“以票控税”威胁最大的三种不遵从行为分别是不开票、假发票、阴阳票。并就传统手工发票、税控打印发票、电子发票对这三种威胁的抵抗力进行了分析和评价,得出了传统手工发票对这三种威胁基本无抵抗能力、税控打印发票的抵抗力略有提升和电子发票具有较完善的抵抗力的结论。然后,用税收制约链原理对传统税收征管中“以票控税”为何仍能奏效这一问题进行了解释,归纳出税种制约链、凭证制约链和企业内控制约链这三种税收制约链的表现形式。
     根据税收制约链中的凭证制约链原理,设计了对假发票、阴阳票具有绝大威慑力的电子对账机制。分析了电子对账的原理,提出了如何发现发票信息不符的三条判别原则;对电子对账的实施方案进行了设计,对纳税企业因配合电子对账而产生的遵从成本给予了考虑,并根据不同企业的支出凭证数量和以往纳税表现,分别提供三种方案,以实现买方录入支出凭证。
     提出了Ⅰ型(嵌入型)、Ⅱ型(非嵌入型)两种电子发票方案及Ⅱ型(非嵌入型)电子发票快速通道服务模式,以分别应用于嵌入和不嵌入税务发票功能的电子商务系统;并对发票的信息防伪机制和查询验真方法进行了设计。
     5)探讨了利用电子资金流监控加强税源掌握的方法。
     为弥补“以票控税”无法克制不开票经营的缺点,论文提出从资金流监控税源的思想。构建了由现金监控和账户监控组成的电子资金流监控模型,提出了由银行、电子商务第三方支付服务商、公安、工商、税局等多单位联合建立电子资金流监控网络、高效共享信息以加强税收管理和反腐反黑的思路。将共享信息按信息的私密程度和共享需求分为三个层次,对内部数据、低频跨系统共享数据、高频跨系统共享数据分别规定了储存位置和访问机制。设计了账户交易分类登记、查询制,以实现对涉税资金流的高效监控。设计了法定监控机关内部权限管理机、个人隐私和商业机密保护机制,以实现资金流监控和保护个人隐私、企业商业机密的统一。
     设计了一种由电子商务交易平台或支付平台对电子商务交易进行自动计税和扣税的机制。首先,对传统商务和电子商务中税源的发现方式进行比较,说明电子商务的纳税人必须依靠电子商务平台来统计。然后,设计了电子商务交易平台和支付平台对电子商务交易进行自动计税和扣税的流程,对交易中使用Ⅰ型(嵌入型)电子发票、Ⅱ型电子发票和Ⅱ型(非嵌入型)电子发票快速通道的情况,分别提供了处理办法。
     6)论文还对电子商务税收管辖的分配机制和实现原理进行了研究。用“双岛模型”论证了对电子商务税收管辖制度进行变革的必要性:提出了对所得来源地的认定标准和推断方法;提出了对常设机构消失造成税基侵蚀的对策和实现方案;并从“有能力收税”的角度,设计了“管人”、“管物”、“管钱”三种不同税收把柄的使用方式和施行顺序。
     论文的创新之处在于:
     1)建立了基于税收征管流程分析的税收征管力评价指标体系和评价模型,发现了当前电子商务税收征管的薄弱环节和薄弱环节成因。
     2)以系统化、科学化、信息化为指导思想,构建了电子商务税收征管体系总体模型,为完善和发展我国电子商务税收征管体系提出了总体目标和实现方法。
     3)提出了位于电子商务税收征管体系科学层的电子对账、电子发票、电子资金流监控和电子商务税收管辖权分配4项核心功能的工作原理和解决方案。
Along with the vigorous development of the e-commerce, related tax issues have attracted more and more attention. In July2011, the Wuhan State Taxation Bureau levied RMB4.3079million tax from the online shop "my1%", making e-commerce taxation once again hot discussed. To tax or not to tax on E-commerce? How to tax? Such questions cause great concern of theoretical circles and Internet traders. On one hand, persistent old problems in traditional business tax administration are overall inherited by E-commerce, such as information asymmetry, tax un-compliance, low efficiency&high cost, and weak taxation inspection forces; on the other hand, with the proportion of small trading, offsite trading and intangible products trading in E-commerce increasing day by day, tax source monitoring and the realization of tax jurisdiction right are facing more and more difficulties, bringing tax administration on e-commerce more serious challenge. For promoting the development of e-commerce and safeguarding the State taxation interest, it has great theoretical and practical significance to study new characteristics, new problems and new ways of tax administration under the background of E-commerce, and establish tax administration system which both meets the demands of E-commerce management and is able to solve problems left from traditional business.
     The thesis which based on the generalization and summary of large amounts of literatures on E-commerce features involving taxation, traditional tax administration theories and existing E-commerce taxation solutions&countermeasures, combining with the analysis on China's E-commerce tax collection and management status, using qualitative and quantitative analysis method, finds causes of insufficient force of current E-commerce taxation. It has built an overall model of E-commerce tax collection and management system, and studied a series of core issues including electronic comparison of invoices, E-invoice, Electronic fund flow monitoring and E-commerce tax jurisdiction assignment. It contains the following contents:
     1. E-commerce features involving taxation are summarized;5challenges and1opportunity of E-commerce on tax administration is generalized. Misunderstandings on E-commerce taxation are clarified:Taxation problems in E-commerce proposed by existing literatures cannot be only attributed to E-commerce itself, they should be divided into3classes including inherited issues, enlarged issues and specific issues. Traditional tax compliance research and theories of tax jurisdiction are reviewed and assessed. Varies of E-commerce taxation solutions&countermeasures are introduced and evaluated.
     2. Starting from the analysis of tax collection and management processes, the tax administration evaluation index system and evaluation model is established. Using combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, a comprehensive evaluation of current E-commerce tax administration ability is conducted. It finds that the general perfect degree of E-commerce taxation is only43.93%. Application of improved Fishbone diagram to analyze the weaknesses finds18causes on capacity lack in E-commerce tax administration. After calculating the effect of different causes on tax administration insufficient force, it finds inherited causes (such as "information degree low") have the highest effect of50.41%, proving old problems from traditional business are still the most serious threat to E-commerce tax administration; policy causes (such as "lack of cooperation with E-commerce platform ") list2nd (up to28.53%), illustrating near30%of E-commerce tax administration force loss can be restored through changing concept, clarifying thought, and changing collection and management policy; E-commerce features (such as "non-store operation") influence ranking3rd over17.68%; Zoom problem (such as "for personal sales, off-site sales supervision") affect the ranking of the lay, just3.39%.
     3. A general model of E-commerce tax administration system is built under systematic, scientific and information ideology. The system elements in the model are classified into functional elements and supporting elements; functional elements are made up of8link elements and10promotion elements. Function of the system, place of elements and interactions between elements are defined. System realization stage is divided into3of foundation, science and smart layers.4core functions are determined to be focused in this article, i.e. electronic comparison of invoices, electronic invoice, electronic fund flow monitoring and E-commerce tax jurisdiction assignment.
     4. The most important means of tax source monitoring--"taxation through invoices" is strengthened by means of information measures.
     Through the analysis of "taxation through invoices" management process, the article explains the principle of "taxation through invoices". It proposes the greatest threat of "taxation through invoices" is three noncompliance which is non-invoice sale, false invoicing, same number different amount invoices. It also analyzes and evaluates the resistance of three kinds of invoicing to these noncompliance, which are traditional manual invoicing, print invoicing, electronic invoicing. The conclusion is:traditional manual invoicing has nearly no resistance, print invoicing is a little better, the electronic is comprehensive good. Then, it summarizes the principles of tax restriction chain with three forms of tax type restriction chain, voucher restriction chain and corporate internal control restriction chain.
     According to the voucher restriction chain in the tax restriction chain principle, Electronic comparison mechanism of invoices is proposed which can be used in ordinary invoices by small scale taxpayers. The article analyzes the "electronic comparison of invoices" principle, proposes three distinguishing rules of how to find the invoice does not match the information. It also designs the scheme of "electronic comparison of invoices", provides three options to achieve the buyer's expense voucher entry for consideration of the taxpayers'compliance costs.
     Two kinds of E-invoice solutions are supposed respectively serving E-commerce systems which embedded or not embedded tax invoice features. The express service of non-embedded invoice is recommended. The information anti-counterfeiting mechanism and inspection method of Invoice is designed.
     5. The method of using electronic fund flow monitoring to enhance tax source control is explored.
     A thought of fund flow monitoring is produced to compensate for the weaknesses of "taxation through invoices" system. In the electronic fund flow monitoring model, shared information according to the degree of privacy of information and sharing requirements is divided into three levels. Regular of store location and access mechanism is provided to internal data, low frequency across-systems shared data and high frequency cross-system shared data respectively. Classification register and query system of account transaction is designed to achieve efficient monitoring of fund flows. Right management mechanisms within statutory monitoring authorities, privacy and trade secret protection mechanisms are projected, to achieve harmony of fund flow monitoring, personal privacy and business secret protection.
     The automatic tax record and collection mechanism is designed for E-commerce transaction or payment platform. Firstly, it compares the tax sources finding methods in traditional and electronic commerce, proves E-commerce taxpayers must be found via E-commerce platform. Then, it designs the automatic tax record and collection mechanism for E-commerce transaction or payment platform.
     6. The paper also conducts a study on E-commerce tax jurisdiction assignment mechanism and realization principle. It has demonstrated necessity of innovation on E-commerce tax jurisdiction system by "double islands model"; proposed the standard and inferring methods on proceeds sources; gave countermeasures on tax sources erosion caused by standing institution's disappearance; and showed the measure as well as order of using three different tax controlling methods including "controlling people","controlling material", and "controlling money".
     The innovation of this thesis contains:
     1. It has presented a tax administration evaluation index system and evaluation model based on the process of tax collection and management, and found weakness in current E-commerce tax administration and the causes of weakness.
     2. It has built a general model of e-commerce tax administration system, established a blueprint for innovating and upgrading traditional tax administration system by means of E-business.
     3. It has proposed the principle and solutions of4core funcrions of the e-commerce tax administration system, which are Electronic Comparison of Invoices, E-invoice, Electronic Funds Flow Monitoring, and E-commerce Tax Jurisdiction Assignment and Implementation.
引文
[1]商务部中国国际电子商务中心.商务部:2010年我国电子商务交易额超过4万亿元[EB/OL]. http://trade.ec.com.cn/article/tradedzsw/201103/1126798_1.html
    [2]际通宝官网.2010年B2B占据中国电子商务交易额85%[EB/OL].http://www. gtobal.com/info/detail-206443-pl.html,2011-06-11
    [3]CNNIC.第27次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告[EB/OL].http://www.cnnic.cn/ research/bgxz/tjbg/201101/t20110120_20302.html,2011-01-18
    [4]网易财经.阿里巴巴称淘宝网去年交易额达4000亿[EB/OL].http://money.163.com /11/0119/18/6QPI6CDS00252603. html,2011-01-19
    [5]甘丽华.中国电子商务税收期待“国标”[N].中国青年报,2011年7月5日05版
    [6]孙强.商人登记相关问题之探析[J].保定学院学报,2010(1):43-46
    [7]刘爱华.电子商务税收征管相关问题思考[J].商场现代化,2007(2):169-170
    [8]夏勇.浅议电子商务中的增值税征收问题[J].中国管理信息化,2005年12月第9卷第12期:95-98
    [9]Alm James; Melnik Mikhail I. DO EBAY SELLERS COMPLY WITH STATE SALES TAXES?[J]. NATIONAL TAX JOURNAL, JUN 2010:215-236
    [10]Fox William F.; Luna LeAnn; Murray Matthew N. The SSTP and Technology: Implications for the Future of the Sales Tax [J]. NATIONAL TAX JOURNAL, DEC 2008:823-841
    [11]Li Cheng. Taxation and E-commerce:Do they avoid e-commerce tax in China?[A]. ICP0M2008:PROCEEDINGS OF 2008 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF PRODUCTION AND OPERATION MANAGEMENT[C],2008:57-59
    [12]Johnson GG; Moore MV; Tao LY. Sales and use taxes in the electronic world:USA and international issues[A]. PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON E-BUSINESS[C],2002:598-604
    [13]陈虹.电子商务对传统税制的冲击[J].涉外税务,2000年第9期:20-22
    [14]Ballard Charles L.; Lee Jaimin. Internet purchases, cross-border shopping, and sales taxes[J]. NATIONAL TAX JOURNAL, DEC 2007:711-725
    [15]Hale Kathleen; McNeal Ramona. Technology, politics, and e-commerce:Internet sales tax and interstate cooperation[J]. GOVERNMENT INFORMATION QUARTERLY, APR 2011:262-270
    [16]李凤荣.电子商务带来的税收问题及应对措施[J].财会月刊,2004(B4):28-29
    [17]McLure CE. The value added tax on electronic commerce in the European Union [A]. INTERNATIONAL TAX AND PUBLIC FINANCE[C], NOV 2003:753-762
    [18]王裕康.论电子商务对国际税权划分的影响[J].涉外税务2004年第7期:38-43
    [19]张媛.电子商务与税收新理念的探析[J].国际商务研究,2005年第6期:21-23
    [20]马廉颇,马岩琳.我国应对电子商务涉税问题的整体构想与思考[J].南方经济,2005年12期:83-85
    [21]郭丽霞.电子商务税收筹划探析[J].河南税务,2003.03:48-49
    [22]于丽娜,杨旭辉.跨国企业实施国际税收筹划策略分析[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(社会科学版),2006年10月第8卷第4期:374—-376转引自:刘广洋.经济全球化进程中的国际避税新动向[J].财政研究,2002(4):18-22
    [23]赵宪武,龚巧茹,李湘纯.我国电子商务的逃税问题及对策[J].税收与企业,2003年第07期.23-24
    [24]叶姗.电子商务的课税问题初探[J].广西社会科学,2004年第7期:88-91
    [25]杨元伟.电子商务时代税收制度及政策选择的理论分析[J].税务研究,2002年第7期:20-27
    [26]刘英,李为.电子商务税制问题的辨析[J].武汉理工大学学报(信息与管理工程版),2001年3月第23卷第1期:41-46
    [27]徐子尚.跨国电子商务消费税税收管辖权界定之初探[J].辽宁经济,2002年第7期:17-18
    [28]夏勇.如何在我国现有税制下借鉴OECD的电子商务增值税课税机制[J].中国管理信息化,2007年3月第10卷第3期:74-77
    [29]游振宇.电子商务对现行税收征管方式的冲击与对策[J].经济研究导刊,2007(12):36-37
    [30]李艳,易涛.电子商务大潮中的税制改革.企业经济,2004年第10期:178-179
    [31]宋槿篱.电子商务对税法基本原则的影响.湖南社会科学,2003年第1期:170-171
    [32]刘爱华.电子商务税收征管相关问题思考[J].商场现代化,2007(2):169-170
    [33]颜彦.电子商务对国内增值税的影响及对策分析[J].山东纺织经济,2010(3):26-28
    [34]刘爱华.电子商务税收征管相关问题思考[J].商场现代化,2007(2):169-170
    [35]王迎春,李业.税收面对电子商务的困惑与挑战_河南漯河税案的调查分析[J].中国税务,1999-11-5:12-14
    [36]于海.电子商务税收征缴方案设计[D].大连理工大学MBA论文,2005年6月:9
    [37]刘磊,郭辉华.谈所得税的课税公平效应[J].石家庄经济学院学报,1997年第20卷第1期:30-33
    [38]金雪军,杨晓兰.增值税的公平度分析——增值税与全值税的公平度比较[J].扬州大学税务学院学报,1998年第1期:42-45
    [39]石慧,刘健.补贴_反补贴税_公平竞争与自由贸易之法辩[J].佛山科学技术学院学报(社会科学版),2000年7月第18卷第3期:24-28
    [40]刘军.房产税的公平与效率分析[J].边疆经济与文化,2006年第10期:51-53
    [41]周全林.政府课税公平的影响因素分析[J].当代财经,2007年第9期:35-40
    [42]王东.税收激励对纳税遵从影响的探讨[D].西北大学公共管理硕士学位论文,2009年
    [43]韩晓琴.有关纳税遵从的国内研究文献综述[J].税收经济研究,2011年第2期(总第66期):33-39
    [44]张维迎.博弈论与信息经济学[M].格致主版社,2004年11月第1版:3
    [45]陈洁.纳税遵从的博弈模型分析[J].合作经济与科技,2008年2月号上(总第338期):124-125
    [46]赵惠芳,彭松,王丹,徐晟.电子商务环境下税收体系的建立[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2006年1月第29卷第1期:37-40
    [47]高海威.发票环节税收流失的经济学思考[J].税务研究2006年第7期:54-56
    [48]罗斌,刘听.对有奖营业税发票制度的一点思考[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(社会科学版),2006年第1期:37-38
    [49]张璐怡.有奖发票利弊辩[J].法制与社会2007.05:97—398转引自:马世领、李峻岭.国税总局发票改革见效:3000万奖励换回9亿税[N].国际金融报.2002年7月31日第二版.
    [50]Allingham, M. G; Sandmo, A. Income Tax Evasion:A Theoretical Analysis [J]. Journal of Public Economies,1972,1(3/4):323-338
    [51]Yitzhaki, S. A Note on Income Tax Evasion:A Theoretical Analysis [J]. Journal of Public Economies,1974,3(2):201-202
    [52]刘华,阳尧,邱伊莎.国外纳税遵从研究动态[J].涉外税务,2008-12:33-36
    [53]Amos Tversky; Daniel Kahneman. Advances in prospect theory:Cumulative representation of uncertainty [J]. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty,1992(5): 297-3231
    [54]李林木.从前景理论看纳税遵从决策与征管策略选择[J].涉外税务,2007-9:8-13
    [55]苏月中.税法意识对纳税遵从行为的影响分析[J].中山大学学报论丛,2007年第27卷第8期:239-242
    [56]苏月中,郭驰.纳税遵从行为的实证研究[J].税务研究,2007.06(总第265期):50-53
    [57]上玮.纳税遵从意识调查分析及建议[J].科技信息,2010年第11期:810,820
    [58]陈金保,陆坤.企业纳税遵从意识及其影响因素实证研究[J].中央财经大学学报2010年第7期:16-21
    [59]索伟.逃税规模的测量方法[J].涉外税务,1996年第12期:14-16
    [60]张德勇.逃税规模的衡量[J].中央财经大学学报,2004年第1期:8-12
    [61]杨碧云,易行健,易君健.我国逃税规模的测算和经济影响分析[J].湖南税务高等专科学校学报,2003年11月第6期第16卷(总第72期):3-7
    [62]杨绍媛.对我国地下和公开经济中税收流失规模的测算及启示[J].贵州财经学院学报.2006年第5期(总第124期):48-52
    [63]许文.我国增值税逃税规模测算及其管理绩效评价[J].中央财经大学学报,2006年第5期:1-6
    [64]财政部注册会计师考试委员会办公室编.税法[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2002年3月:310-311
    [65]张美丽.居民税收管辖权引发的个税国际避税问题[J].合作经济与科技,2007年8月号上:66-67
    [66]洪亮.电子商务环境下常设机构利润归属问题研究[D].华东政法学院法律硕士论文,2004年4月20日
    [67]胡秋红.跨国公司的国际避税与反避税[J].湖北财经高等专科学校学报,2005年8月25日:30-32
    [68]林建军.跨国企业避税及税收应对办法[J].湖北财经高等专科学校学报,2005年12期:59-60
    [69]李一军.涉外避税税制研究[J].法制与社会,2007(01):352-353
    [70]赵枫,陶华.中美电了商务涉税比较分析[J].当代经济研究,2007年5期:32-33
    [71]Johnson GG; Moore MV; Tao LY. Sales and use taxes in the electronic world:USA and international issues[A]. PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON E-BUSINESS[C],2002:598-604
    [72]廖益新.论电r商务交易的流转税法律属性问题[J].法律科学(西北政法学院学报),2005年第3期:109-114转引自:石广生.中国加入世界贸易组织知识读本(一)世界贸易组织基本知识[M].北京:人民出版社,2001:262-267
    [73]Bruce D; Fox W; Murray M. To tax or not to tax? The case of electronic commerce[J]. CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC POLICY, JAN 2003:25-40
    [74]费林,任佰合.试论电子商务的征税问题及我国的政策选择[J].吉林财税,2002.2:34-35
    [75]明猛.电子商务的征税问题初探[J].张家口职业技术学院学报,2004年3月第17卷第1期:33-36
    [76]兰兰.预提税方案对解决电子商务征税的意义[J].涉外税务,2007-6:44-48
    [77]ROBERT G. BISCONTRI, CHRISTINA Y. M. NG, SUSANNA L. M. YUENA著.武汉中南财经政法大学杨若召,张节英节译.电子商务_税基侵蚀及对国际税收当局的挑战[J].经济资料译丛,2002年第1期:73-77.原载:国际税收杂志(THE INTTENATIONAL TAX JOURNAL) 2001年第3期
    [78]刘春江.电子商务课税的福利经济学分析[J].财贸经济,2005年第9期:38-43
    [79]中国税务学会“电子商务与税收”课题组(蔡金荣,谭荣华等).中国电子商务问题研究[A].中国税务学会学术研究委员会编.税收信息化研究[C].北京:中国税务出版社,2006年4月:118-160
    [80]孟岳松,徐丽娟.基于电子商务的税收及其征管模式研究[J].中国管理科学,2000年11月,第8卷专辑:809-813
    [81]王根贤.电子商务模式下的税制模式探讨[J].特区经济,2006年7月:259-260
    [82]杨路明,曹丽娟.电子商务环境下税收休系的建立[J].财会月刊,2006.12:23-24
    [83]杨晓榕.电子商务的税收及对策研究[J].会计之友,2006年第4期下:90-91
    [84]宋霄,蒋正.对有奖发票制度的几点思考[J].法制与社会2007.05:363
    [85]祝博.关于电子商务税制改革的措施[J].哈尔滨市委党校学报,2004年7月第4期:54-55
    [86]金凤.制定我国电子商务税收政策_借鉴国外电子商务税收政策[J].江苏商论2006.11:40-41
    [87]李绍平,徐嘉南.欧盟电子商务增值税政策对我国的启示[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(社会科学版),2006年第2期:56-58
    [88]李绍平,王甲山.电子商务对我国增值税的冲击及对策研究[J].江汉石油学院学报(社科版,2003年12月第5卷第4期:24-25
    [89]李安定,陈嘉慧.全功能模式下电子商务增值税征收政策研究[J].上海会计,2004(6):38-40
    [90]吴萌.电子商务的国际税收问题[J].财政税收,2007(4):36-37
    [91]Yang Qi-feng; Wang Jun; Song Ping. THE METHOD OF TAX COLLECTION AND TECHNICAL REALIZATION BASED ON THE THIRD-PARTY ONLINE PAYMENT MODE [A]. DCABES 2009:THE 8TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING AND APPLICATIONS TO BUSINESS, ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE, PROCEEDINGS[C], OCT 2009:228-232
    [92]黄素梅.电子商务中常设机构认定标准的新发展[J].涉外税务,2006(8):40-43
    [93]刘旭.非传统交易方式下的利润来源地税收管辖权标准[J].贵州财经学院学报,2005年第4期:54-56
    [94]尹音频.电子商务税收理念与制度探析_关于构建信息预提税制的设想[J].涉外税务,2002年第6期:11-15
    [95]刘锦萍.税收中的电子商务[J].辽宁工学院学报,2004年第12期:86-87
    [96]肖北溟.电子商务冲击国际税收[J].中国管理科学,第10卷专辑2002年10月:520-522
    [97]陈蕾,钟雪.电子商务对世界税制一体化进程的影响[J].四川经济管理学院学报,2006 第1期:38-39
    [98]财政部注册会计师考试委员会办公室编.税法[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2002年3月:556
    [99]财政部注册会计师考试委员会办公室编.税法[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2002年3月:35
    [100]财政部注册会计师考试委员会办公室编.税法[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2002年3月:141
    [101]财政部注册会计师考试委员会办公室编.税法[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2002年3月:171
    [102]财政部注册会计师考试委员会办公室编.税法[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2002年3月:294
    [103]财政部注册会计师考试委员会办公室编.税法[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2002年3月:472
    [104]财政部注册会计师考试委员会办公室编.税法[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2002年3月:503
    [105]海关总署.9月1日起海关调整进出境个人邮递物品管理措施[EB/OL]. http://www.customs.gov.cn/publish/porta10/tabl/info237554.htm,2010-09-03
    [106]董宇.民建中央关于完善电子商务税收制度的提案[EB/OL].http://news.qq.com/a/ 20080312/003581.htm,2008年03月12日
    [107]姜青苗.电子商务对税收征管的影响与对策研究[D].国防科学技术大学公共管理硕士论文,2005年2月
    [108]北京市工商行政管理局.关于贯彻落实《北京市信息化促进条例》加强电子商务监督管理的意见[EB/OL].http://www.hd315.gov.cn/zwgk/xzgg/200807/t20080702_1100 70.html
    [109]国家工商总局法规司.国家上商行政管理总局令第49号网络商品交易及有关服务行为管理暂行办法[EB/OL].http://www.saic.gov.cn/zwgk/zyfb/zj1/fgs/ 201006/t20100601_88889.html,2010年5月31口
    [110]每日经济新闻.全国首例网店偷税案宣判网店店主获刑[EB/OL].http://article. pchome.net/content-403666.html,2007-07-13
    [111]刘威威.重拳出击打击发票违法犯罪活动[J].中国税务,2011(6):56-57
    [112]高福生.惩治中央部门“发票腐败”要从源头着力[J].法人,2011,(1):14
    [113]中国税务稽查年鉴[M]2005:67-68
    [114]王韬、丹笑山.税务效率的分析与比较[J].涉外税务,1997年第6期:38-41
    [115]臧秀清,许楠.税收征管效率综合评价指标体系研究[J].燕山大学学报(哲学社会科学版)第6卷第4期,2005年11月:57-60
    [116]曹魁.我国地方税收成本与效率评价指标体系[J].系统工程,第25卷第11期,2007年11月:124-126
    [117]王万山.庇古与科斯的规制理论比较[J].贵州财经学院学报,2007年第3期:23-28
    [118]聂家锋.现代电子技术的发展对税收的影响及应对[J].涉外税务,2000年第3期:56-59
    [119]杨志勇.技术进步与国际税收秩序的变迁[J].涉外税务2000年第10期:36-39
    [120]王良穆,董俊英.全球经济一体化与税收国际化趋势的探究[J].中央财经大学学报,2005年第2期:5-8
    [121]刘志伟,王东峰,刘澄.区域经济一体化的福利经济学分析[J].现代管理科学,2007年第2期:3-4,31
    [122]杨保安,张科静.多目标决策分析理论、方法与应用研究[M].东华大学出版社(上海),2008年5月第1版
    [123]Henk Elffers, Dick J. Hessing. Influencing the Prospects of Tax Evasion [J]. Journal of Economic Psychology, Volume 18, Issues 2-3, April 1997:289-304
    [124]Daniel Kahneman, Amos Tverskyl. Prospect theory:An analysis of decision under risk [J]. Econometrica,1979, (47):263-2921
    [125]Sanjit Dhami, Ali alOnowaihil. Why do people pay taxes? Prospect theory versus expected utility theory [J]. University of Leicester Discussion Papers in Economics,2004,(30):1-26
    [126]ALMJ. A perspective on the experimental analysis of taxpayer reporting [J]. The Accounting Review 1991, (66):577-593
    [127]ALMJ, Mcclelland, H and Schulze, W. D. Why do people pay taxes? [J]. Journal of Public Economics,1992, (48):21-381
    [128]Andreoni J, Erard B and Feinstein, J. Tax compliance [J]. Journal of Economic Literature,1998,(36):818-8601
    [129]Gordon J S. An econometric analysis of income tax evasion and its deterrents to tax evasion [J]. European Economic Review,1991, (33):797-8051
    [130]Kanbur R, Pirttila J and Tuomala, M. Moral hazard, income taxation, and prospect theory [R]. Tampere Economic Working Papers Net Series,2004, (30) 1-241
    [131]Prelec D. The probability weighting function [J]. Econometrica,1998, (60): 497-5281
    [132]Yitzhaki S A. A note on income tax evasion:A theoretical analysis [J]. Journal of Public Economics,1974, (3):201-2021
    [133]Yaniv G. Tax compliance and advance tax payments:A prospect theory analysis [J]. National Tax Journal,1999, (52):753-641
    [134]Liu Dong-sheng; Chen Wei; Gao Shi-wen. Gradual Tax Policies for China's E-commerce Based on Mode Classification [A]. FIRST IITA INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, PROCEEDINGS [C],2009:765-768
    [135]Lu Cheng-Tsung; Huang Shaio-Yan; Lo Pang-Yen. An empirical study of on-line tax filing acceptance model:Integrating TAM and TPB [J]. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, MAY 2010:800-810
    [136]Agostini P. L.; Naggi R. B2G Electronic Invoicing as Enforced High Impact Service:Open Issues [M]. INFORMATION SYSTEMS:PEOPLE, ORGANIZATIONS, INSTITUTIONS, AND TECHNOLOGIES,2010:65-72.
    [137]Hernandez-Ortega Blanca; Serrano-Cinca Carlos. What Motivates Firms to Adopt E-invoicing? The Effect of Perceptions and Competitive Environment [J]. UNIVERSIA BUSINESS REVIEW,2009(24):96-120.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700