大学生创业团队的理论与实证研究
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摘要
本文从大学生创业团队相关概念的界定、形式、特点等基本理论出发,综合运用博弈论、系统动力学、层次分析法、模糊评价和结构方程等研究方法与数学工具对大学生创业团队进行了研究。本文基于“SCP”(结构—行为—绩效)的大学生创业团队系统动力学模型,探究了大学生创业团队结构特征,以及大学生创业团队行为理论。此外,本文建立了基于SCP范式的大学生创业团队的结构方程模型,在此基础上分析了大学生创业团队的绩效,其相关理论与实证研究结果揭示了大学生创业团队开展创业活动的基本规律。具体而言,本文研究内容主要包括8个部分：
第1部分为导论。提出了大学生创业团队的研究背景、目的和意义,归纳总结了基于大学生创业团队的国内外研究现状,给出了本文的研究内容、方法与技术路线图。
第2部分为大学生创业团队的理论基础。界定了创业团队的定义、构成及特质,剖析了大学生创业团队的特点；比较分析了大学生创业团队的形式与特点；构建了基于知识共享与利益分配的合作博弈模型。
第3部分为大学生创业团队的SCP分析。基于SCP理论,研究了大学生创业团队结构及其特征、创业行为、团队绩效、创业环境等方面,从而形成了大学生创业团队的SCP分析框架；基于系统动力学原理,构建了基于SCP大学生创业团队的的系统动力学模型,并研究了大学生创业团队的动态特性。
第4部分为大学生创业团队的结构分析。基于数据统计分析,从创业团队人口统计特征与人口异质特征两个方面分析了大学生创业团队的人口结构；从团队的知识特征与知识类型两个方面分析了大学生创业团队的知识结构；从优秀团队的性格共性与性格决定的创业类型两个方面分析了性格结构。
第5部分为大学生创业团队行为分析。基于创业团队非常复杂的行为特征,本文从行为动机、行为决策、运作行为三个的角度进行了行为分析。
第6部分为大学生创业团队的绩效分析。从大学生创业团队的特征出发,提出了大学生创业团队绩效评价的方法与原理,探讨了大学生创业团队绩效评价的层次分析法和模糊评价法。结合平衡记分卡的原理,提出了大学生创业团队绩效评价指标体系建立的原理,给出了财务、客户、内部运营、学习与成长4个方面指标的设计及相应说明。并进行了大学生创业团队绩效评价的德尔菲法操作及算例,给出了大学生创业团队绩效水平定量评估的模型处理方法及算例。
第7部分为大学生创业团队的环境分析与平台构建。结合大学生创业的特点从经济环境、法律环境、政策环境、社会环境、市场环境、技术环境、教育环境等七个方面分析了大学生创业团队的宏观环境；从团队成员构成、领导决策、沟通协调、利益分配、研发创新等5个角度探究了大学生创业团队的微观环境；并从硬平台、软平台的角度探究了大学生创业团队的支持平台,构成了宏观环境、微观环境以及支持平台三位一体的大学生创业团队环境。
最后部分为大学生创业团队的结构方程模型构建。描述了关于大学生创业团队结构及行为的问卷调查样本基本信息,回顾了针对大学生创业团队的异质性、协同性、前瞻性、适应性等理论的国内外文献,提出了基于SCP模型的研究假设、构建了基于SCP范式的大学生创业团队的结构方程,通过探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析验证了本文的研究假设,揭示了大学生创业团队创业活动的基本规律。
Based on the analysis of definition, compositions and characteristics on college students'entrepreneurial team, forms and characteristics, etc, the dissertation studies on college students' entrepreneurial team by using integrated methods of game theory, system activity, the analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy evaluation and structural equation, etc. On the basis of systematic researches, the dissertation perfects the theoretical foundation of college students' entrepreneurial, plans a system dynamics model of college students' entrepreneurial team based on the SCP (structure-conduct-performance), explores the characteristics of college students' entrepreneurial team structure and college students' entrepreneurial team behavior theory. In additional, the dissertation analyzes college students' entrepreneurial team performance, and constructs the structural equation modeling on college students' entrepreneurial team based on the SCP paradigm, relevant theories and empirical results reveal the basic law of college students venture team to carry out entrepreneurial activities. The main contents of this dissertation consist of eight parts:
The first part is the Introduction. This part proposes the background, purposes, and significances of the researches on college students' entrepreneurial team, summarizes the status of both demostic and foreign scholars' researches on college students' entrepreneurial team, and gives the content of this study, methods and technology roadmaps.
The second part is the theoretical basis of college students' entrepreneurial team. This part defines the definitions, compositions and charcteristics of college students' entrepreneurial team;analyzes the characteristics of college students' entrepreneurial team, comparatively analyzes the forms and characteristics of college students' entrepreneurial team; builds a cooperative game model based on knowledge sharing and the distribution of benefits.
The third part is the analysis of college students'entrepreneurial team SCP. This part elabotates the traditional SCP theory; forms the SCP analytical framework of college students'entrepreneurial team by studying structure and characteristics college students'entrepreneurial team, entrepreneurial behavior, team performance and entrepreneurial environment; elaborates the principles of system dynamics, constructs the system dynamics model of college students' entrepreneurial team based on the SCP theory, and studies the dynamic characteristics of college students' entrepreneurial team.
The fourth part is the analysis of college students' entrepreneurial team structure. This section analyzes the population structure of college students'entrepreneurial team from the two aspects of the entrepreneurial team demographic characteristics, population heterogeneity characteristics, which is based on statistical analysis; anzlyzes the knowledge structure of college students' entrepreneurial from the two aspects of team knowledge characteristics and types of knowledge; analyzes the personality structure of college students' entrepreneurial team from the two aspects of common characters in the excellent teams and the types of entrepreneurial determined by the characters.
The fifth part is the analysis of college students' entrepreneurial team behavior. The behavioral characteristics of college students' entrepreneurial team are very complex; this paper simply analyzes it only from three angels of the motives, decision-making, and the point of view of the running behavior.
The sixth part is the analysis of college students' entrepreneurial team performance. This section reviews the theoretical study both at home and abroad about performance evaluation of college students' entrepreneurial team, starting from the characteristics of college students'entrepreneurial team, proposes the methods and principles on performance evaluation of college students' entrepreneurial team, and discusses the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy evaluation method of college students' entrepreneurial team performance evaluation. Combining with the balanced scorecard principle, this part advances the principles established by the college students venture team performance evaluation index system, gives the design and corresponding description of four indicators about finance, customer, internal operations, learning and growth. And it conducts the operation and examples of the Delphi method on college students' entrepreneurial team performance evaluation, gives the dealing methods and examples of the model on college students' entrepreneurial team performance level quantitative assessment.
The seventh part is the analysis of college students' entrepreneurial team environment. This part combines the characteristics of college students' entrepreneurial team to analyze its macro-environment from seven aspects of economic environment, legal environment, political environment, social environment, market environment, technical environment, educational environment, etc; and explores the supported platforms of college students' entrepreneurial team from the perspective of hard platform and soft platform, constructs college students' entrepreneurial team environment setting the macro environment and micro environment, as well as the support platform at Trinity.
The eighth part is the analysis of sturctural equation modeling on college students' entrepreneurial team. This section describes the basic information of survey samples on college students' entrepreneurial team structure and behavior, reviewes both demostic and foreign theory literatures on the heterogeneity, collaborative, forward-looking, adaptive of college students' entrepreneurial team, proposes hypotheses based on the SCP model and constructs the structural equation of college students' entrepreneurial team on the basis of the SCP paradigm, verifies the hypothesis in this paper by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, and reveals the basic law of college students' entrepreneurial team's entrepreneurial activity.
第1部分为导论。提出了大学生创业团队的研究背景、目的和意义,归纳总结了基于大学生创业团队的国内外研究现状,给出了本文的研究内容、方法与技术路线图。
第2部分为大学生创业团队的理论基础。界定了创业团队的定义、构成及特质,剖析了大学生创业团队的特点；比较分析了大学生创业团队的形式与特点；构建了基于知识共享与利益分配的合作博弈模型。
第3部分为大学生创业团队的SCP分析。基于SCP理论,研究了大学生创业团队结构及其特征、创业行为、团队绩效、创业环境等方面,从而形成了大学生创业团队的SCP分析框架；基于系统动力学原理,构建了基于SCP大学生创业团队的的系统动力学模型,并研究了大学生创业团队的动态特性。
第4部分为大学生创业团队的结构分析。基于数据统计分析,从创业团队人口统计特征与人口异质特征两个方面分析了大学生创业团队的人口结构；从团队的知识特征与知识类型两个方面分析了大学生创业团队的知识结构；从优秀团队的性格共性与性格决定的创业类型两个方面分析了性格结构。
第5部分为大学生创业团队行为分析。基于创业团队非常复杂的行为特征,本文从行为动机、行为决策、运作行为三个的角度进行了行为分析。
第6部分为大学生创业团队的绩效分析。从大学生创业团队的特征出发,提出了大学生创业团队绩效评价的方法与原理,探讨了大学生创业团队绩效评价的层次分析法和模糊评价法。结合平衡记分卡的原理,提出了大学生创业团队绩效评价指标体系建立的原理,给出了财务、客户、内部运营、学习与成长4个方面指标的设计及相应说明。并进行了大学生创业团队绩效评价的德尔菲法操作及算例,给出了大学生创业团队绩效水平定量评估的模型处理方法及算例。
第7部分为大学生创业团队的环境分析与平台构建。结合大学生创业的特点从经济环境、法律环境、政策环境、社会环境、市场环境、技术环境、教育环境等七个方面分析了大学生创业团队的宏观环境；从团队成员构成、领导决策、沟通协调、利益分配、研发创新等5个角度探究了大学生创业团队的微观环境；并从硬平台、软平台的角度探究了大学生创业团队的支持平台,构成了宏观环境、微观环境以及支持平台三位一体的大学生创业团队环境。
最后部分为大学生创业团队的结构方程模型构建。描述了关于大学生创业团队结构及行为的问卷调查样本基本信息,回顾了针对大学生创业团队的异质性、协同性、前瞻性、适应性等理论的国内外文献,提出了基于SCP模型的研究假设、构建了基于SCP范式的大学生创业团队的结构方程,通过探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析验证了本文的研究假设,揭示了大学生创业团队创业活动的基本规律。
Based on the analysis of definition, compositions and characteristics on college students'entrepreneurial team, forms and characteristics, etc, the dissertation studies on college students' entrepreneurial team by using integrated methods of game theory, system activity, the analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy evaluation and structural equation, etc. On the basis of systematic researches, the dissertation perfects the theoretical foundation of college students' entrepreneurial, plans a system dynamics model of college students' entrepreneurial team based on the SCP (structure-conduct-performance), explores the characteristics of college students' entrepreneurial team structure and college students' entrepreneurial team behavior theory. In additional, the dissertation analyzes college students' entrepreneurial team performance, and constructs the structural equation modeling on college students' entrepreneurial team based on the SCP paradigm, relevant theories and empirical results reveal the basic law of college students venture team to carry out entrepreneurial activities. The main contents of this dissertation consist of eight parts:
The first part is the Introduction. This part proposes the background, purposes, and significances of the researches on college students' entrepreneurial team, summarizes the status of both demostic and foreign scholars' researches on college students' entrepreneurial team, and gives the content of this study, methods and technology roadmaps.
The second part is the theoretical basis of college students' entrepreneurial team. This part defines the definitions, compositions and charcteristics of college students' entrepreneurial team;analyzes the characteristics of college students' entrepreneurial team, comparatively analyzes the forms and characteristics of college students' entrepreneurial team; builds a cooperative game model based on knowledge sharing and the distribution of benefits.
The third part is the analysis of college students'entrepreneurial team SCP. This part elabotates the traditional SCP theory; forms the SCP analytical framework of college students'entrepreneurial team by studying structure and characteristics college students'entrepreneurial team, entrepreneurial behavior, team performance and entrepreneurial environment; elaborates the principles of system dynamics, constructs the system dynamics model of college students' entrepreneurial team based on the SCP theory, and studies the dynamic characteristics of college students' entrepreneurial team.
The fourth part is the analysis of college students' entrepreneurial team structure. This section analyzes the population structure of college students'entrepreneurial team from the two aspects of the entrepreneurial team demographic characteristics, population heterogeneity characteristics, which is based on statistical analysis; anzlyzes the knowledge structure of college students' entrepreneurial from the two aspects of team knowledge characteristics and types of knowledge; analyzes the personality structure of college students' entrepreneurial team from the two aspects of common characters in the excellent teams and the types of entrepreneurial determined by the characters.
The fifth part is the analysis of college students' entrepreneurial team behavior. The behavioral characteristics of college students' entrepreneurial team are very complex; this paper simply analyzes it only from three angels of the motives, decision-making, and the point of view of the running behavior.
The sixth part is the analysis of college students' entrepreneurial team performance. This section reviews the theoretical study both at home and abroad about performance evaluation of college students' entrepreneurial team, starting from the characteristics of college students'entrepreneurial team, proposes the methods and principles on performance evaluation of college students' entrepreneurial team, and discusses the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy evaluation method of college students' entrepreneurial team performance evaluation. Combining with the balanced scorecard principle, this part advances the principles established by the college students venture team performance evaluation index system, gives the design and corresponding description of four indicators about finance, customer, internal operations, learning and growth. And it conducts the operation and examples of the Delphi method on college students' entrepreneurial team performance evaluation, gives the dealing methods and examples of the model on college students' entrepreneurial team performance level quantitative assessment.
The seventh part is the analysis of college students' entrepreneurial team environment. This part combines the characteristics of college students' entrepreneurial team to analyze its macro-environment from seven aspects of economic environment, legal environment, political environment, social environment, market environment, technical environment, educational environment, etc; and explores the supported platforms of college students' entrepreneurial team from the perspective of hard platform and soft platform, constructs college students' entrepreneurial team environment setting the macro environment and micro environment, as well as the support platform at Trinity.
The eighth part is the analysis of sturctural equation modeling on college students' entrepreneurial team. This section describes the basic information of survey samples on college students' entrepreneurial team structure and behavior, reviewes both demostic and foreign theory literatures on the heterogeneity, collaborative, forward-looking, adaptive of college students' entrepreneurial team, proposes hypotheses based on the SCP model and constructs the structural equation of college students' entrepreneurial team on the basis of the SCP paradigm, verifies the hypothesis in this paper by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, and reveals the basic law of college students' entrepreneurial team's entrepreneurial activity.
引文
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