固体充填采煤物料垂直输送技术开发与工程应用
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摘要
根据固体充填采煤技术发展的需要，本文采用理论分析、实验室试验、数值模拟分析、物理模拟和现场实践等综合研究方法，系统研究了固体充填采煤充填物料垂直输送方法与技术。首先分析了矿山固体充填物料的来源与分类，研究了固体充填物料的基本特性，然后提出了实现固体充填物料从地面高效连续化运输至井下的固体充填采煤充填物料垂直输送方法与技术，并研究了影响固体充填物料垂直投料管尺寸的关键因素，以及固体充填物料在垂直投料管内的运动特征及其引起的气流场分布特征、固体充填物料冲击特性及其缓冲机理等，最后在我国皖北煤电集团五沟煤矿进行了工业性试验，取得一些研究成果，主要体现在以下几个方面：
（1）根据固体充填物料实际投放特征，建立了以透风率为参量的运动模型，并采用风洞试验方法研究了在垂直投料管尺寸一定条件下，固体充填物料在垂直投放过程中的风阻特性，得到了固体充填物料的运动控制方程及在不同投放量条件下固体充填物料的运动规律。
（2）采用FLUENT数值模拟软件分析了固体充填物料垂直投放通道内气流速度场和压力场的分布规律，并结合现场实测数据，揭示了垂直投料管气固两相运动特征与作用原理，研究了卸压作用对气流场的分布影响，得到了气流卸压原理。
（3）基于碰撞力学的基本原理，建立了固体充填物料与被动碰撞体的动力冲击模型，分析了固体充填物料垂直投放中的冲击特征，并采用ANSYS数值模拟软件研究得到了被动碰撞体在不同冲击条件下的动态响应规律，从而提出了固体充填物料垂直投放的缓冲机理，为固体充填物料垂直投放中缓冲装置的设计与研发提供了重要的理论依据。
（4）针对固体充填物料垂直投料管安设和使用中的重要性，研究了固体充填物料垂直投料管安设的影响因素，建立了固体充填物料垂直管道安设的动态控制方程，并提出了固体充填物料垂直投料管材质选择的要求。
（5）该技术在五沟煤矿进行成功应用，固体充填物料垂直输送能力达到550吨/小时，共投放矸石约22万t，系统运行良好，取得较好的应用效果。
Based on the development of the backfilling coal mining technology with solidmaterial, this paper adopted integrated research methods of laboratory test, theoreticalanalysis, numerical simulation analysis and physical simulation to do the research.Firstly, we analyzed the source， classification and basic characteristics of solidmaterial. Then we proposed the feeding vertical technology with the efficient andcontinuous transportation of solid material from the ground to underground andstudied the key factors that influence the vertical feeding size of solid materials theborehole. In the meanwhile, we further studied the movement characteristics of solidmaterials in vertical borehole and the flow field distribution characteristics, iMPactproperties and the buffer mechanism of the solid materials. Finally, we took theWugou coal mine (in northern Anhui electricity group of china) as an example to dothe industrial test, and achieved some research results, which mainly performed in thefollowing aspects:
(1) According to the actual feeding characteristics of solid materials, weestablished the motion model which took the ventilating rate as its parameter, andstudied the wind drag characteristics of the solid materials in vertical feeding processon condition of the vertical feeding size of solid materials to the borehole by windtunnel test method. The motion control equation of solid materials and the motion lawof fillings on different launch conditions were obtained.
(2) We analyzed the distribution law of airflow velocity field and pressure fieldin the vertical feeding borehole by using the FLUENT numerical simulation software.Combined with field data, this paper revealed the principle of gas-solid two-phasemovement of the in the channel of solid materials vertical feeding. We studied theeffect of pressure discharging function to air field distribution and obtained theairflow pressure discharging mechanism.
(3) Based on the basic principles of the collision mechanics, we established thedynamic collision model and analyzed the iMPact properties during the verticalfeeding process. We obtained the dynamic response law of the bufferon differentiMPact conditions by using the ANSYS numerical simulation software and proposedthe buffer mechanism of the vertical feeding, which provided an important theoreticalbasis for the buffer equipment design and development in the vertical feeding process.
(4) For the importance of the borehole’s installation and use in vertical feeding process, we studied the influence factors of installation and established the dynamiccontrol equation. And the falling movement law of pipe was obtained. Furthermore,we put forward the pipe material selection requirements.
(5) This technology have successfully applied in Wu Gou coal mine, the systemoperated well to obtain good application effect, with vertical transmission capacity of550tons per hour and waste rock handling of220,000tons in total.
（1）根据固体充填物料实际投放特征，建立了以透风率为参量的运动模型，并采用风洞试验方法研究了在垂直投料管尺寸一定条件下，固体充填物料在垂直投放过程中的风阻特性，得到了固体充填物料的运动控制方程及在不同投放量条件下固体充填物料的运动规律。
（2）采用FLUENT数值模拟软件分析了固体充填物料垂直投放通道内气流速度场和压力场的分布规律，并结合现场实测数据，揭示了垂直投料管气固两相运动特征与作用原理，研究了卸压作用对气流场的分布影响，得到了气流卸压原理。
（3）基于碰撞力学的基本原理，建立了固体充填物料与被动碰撞体的动力冲击模型，分析了固体充填物料垂直投放中的冲击特征，并采用ANSYS数值模拟软件研究得到了被动碰撞体在不同冲击条件下的动态响应规律，从而提出了固体充填物料垂直投放的缓冲机理，为固体充填物料垂直投放中缓冲装置的设计与研发提供了重要的理论依据。
（4）针对固体充填物料垂直投料管安设和使用中的重要性，研究了固体充填物料垂直投料管安设的影响因素，建立了固体充填物料垂直管道安设的动态控制方程，并提出了固体充填物料垂直投料管材质选择的要求。
（5）该技术在五沟煤矿进行成功应用，固体充填物料垂直输送能力达到550吨/小时，共投放矸石约22万t，系统运行良好，取得较好的应用效果。
Based on the development of the backfilling coal mining technology with solidmaterial, this paper adopted integrated research methods of laboratory test, theoreticalanalysis, numerical simulation analysis and physical simulation to do the research.Firstly, we analyzed the source， classification and basic characteristics of solidmaterial. Then we proposed the feeding vertical technology with the efficient andcontinuous transportation of solid material from the ground to underground andstudied the key factors that influence the vertical feeding size of solid materials theborehole. In the meanwhile, we further studied the movement characteristics of solidmaterials in vertical borehole and the flow field distribution characteristics, iMPactproperties and the buffer mechanism of the solid materials. Finally, we took theWugou coal mine (in northern Anhui electricity group of china) as an example to dothe industrial test, and achieved some research results, which mainly performed in thefollowing aspects:
(1) According to the actual feeding characteristics of solid materials, weestablished the motion model which took the ventilating rate as its parameter, andstudied the wind drag characteristics of the solid materials in vertical feeding processon condition of the vertical feeding size of solid materials to the borehole by windtunnel test method. The motion control equation of solid materials and the motion lawof fillings on different launch conditions were obtained.
(2) We analyzed the distribution law of airflow velocity field and pressure fieldin the vertical feeding borehole by using the FLUENT numerical simulation software.Combined with field data, this paper revealed the principle of gas-solid two-phasemovement of the in the channel of solid materials vertical feeding. We studied theeffect of pressure discharging function to air field distribution and obtained theairflow pressure discharging mechanism.
(3) Based on the basic principles of the collision mechanics, we established thedynamic collision model and analyzed the iMPact properties during the verticalfeeding process. We obtained the dynamic response law of the bufferon differentiMPact conditions by using the ANSYS numerical simulation software and proposedthe buffer mechanism of the vertical feeding, which provided an important theoreticalbasis for the buffer equipment design and development in the vertical feeding process.
(4) For the importance of the borehole’s installation and use in vertical feeding process, we studied the influence factors of installation and established the dynamiccontrol equation. And the falling movement law of pipe was obtained. Furthermore,we put forward the pipe material selection requirements.
(5) This technology have successfully applied in Wu Gou coal mine, the systemoperated well to obtain good application effect, with vertical transmission capacity of550tons per hour and waste rock handling of220,000tons in total.
引文
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