添喂赖氨酸对30～240日龄肉用羔羊生长性能和消化代谢的影响
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摘要
本文研究添喂赖氨酸对肉用羔羊消化代谢和生长性能的影响。试验一选取16只30日龄平均体重为6.13±0.65Kg的无角陶赛特与小尾杂交F1代公羔,根据体重分为4组,在30～75、76-120和121-240日龄分别喂以日粮1、2和3,以研究添喂不同水平赖氨酸对羔羊采食、消化、代谢、体增重和屠宰性能的影响。试验二选取无角陶赛特与小尾杂交F1代母羔8只,根据体重分为2组,在40日龄安装永久性皱胃瘘管,在60-80、81-120和121-240日龄分别喂以日粮1、2和3,在日粮1、2和3中分别添喂赖氨酸1.2%、0.8%和0.4%,研究添喂赖氨酸对60-240日龄羔羊前胃消化、到达皱胃营养物质的影响。结果表明,在试验一,最佳添喂量时30-75、76-120和121-240日龄羔羊干物质自由采食量分别比对照增加14.10%(p<0.01)、37.70%(p<0.01)和30.29%(p<0.01),日增重分别比对照组提高52.70%(p<0.01)、11.35%(p<0.05)和34.94%(p<0.01),粗蛋白表观消化率分别比对照提高18.23%(p<0.05)、11.06%(p<0.05)和29.63%(p<0.01),氮保留率分别比对照提高17.13%(p<0.01)、8.81%(p<0.05)和22.37%(p<0.01),氮保留量分别比对照增加28.37%(p<0.05)、40.37%(p<0.05)和39.72%‘(p<0.05)。30～240日龄平均日增重提高23.25%(p<0.01)。最佳添喂量时240日龄羔羊的胴体重、胴体净肉重、瘦肉重和肥肉重分别比对照增加34.72%(p<0.01)、37.41%(p<0.01)、42.98%(p<0.01)和21.96%(p>0.05)。本试验表明,添喂未经处理的赖氨酸可显著促进240日龄以内羔羊的生长；30～75、76-120、121-240三个日龄阶段羔羊日粮赖氨酸的最适含量分别为2.2%、1.5%和0.7%。
在试验二,羔羊在60-80、81-120和121～240三个日龄阶段,干物质采食量分别比对照组增加了12.57%(p>0.05)、19.38%(p<0.01)和16.29%(p<0.01),日增重分别提高17.34%(p<0.05)、21.30%(p<0.01)和17.76%(p<0.05)；前胃干物质消化量分别提高了20.81%(p>0.05)、35.64%(p<0.05)和19.97%(p<0.05),前胃有机物消化量分别提高了17.18%(p>0.05)、31.05%(p<0.05)和17.72%(p<0.05),前胃的纤维素消化量分别增加了26.98%(p<0.04)、50.06%(p<0.01)和29.20%,(p<0.05),半纤维素的消化量分别提高了21.38%(p>0.05)、53.05%(p<0.01)和19.53%(p<0.05)。到达皱胃的干物质量分别比对照组增加了7.01%(p>0.05)、11.59%(p<0.01)和10.65%(p<0.01),有机物的量分别增加了8.48%(p>0.05)、13.01%(p<0.01)和12.14%(p<0.05),到达皱胃的粗蛋白量分别增加了11.13%(p>0.05)、21.73%(p<0.01)和12.4%(p<0.01),其中微生物蛋白量分别增加了13.46%(p<0.05)、26.85%(p<0.01)和15.08%(p<0.05)。到达皱胃的氨基酸总量分别比对照组增加了39.22%(p<0.01)、35.52%(p<0.01)和28.27%(p<0.05),赖氨酸分别增加43.77%(p<0.01)、37.25%(p<0.01)和34.38%(p<0.05),总必需氨基酸分别增加49.21%(p<0.01)、34.40%(p<0.01)和28.11%(p<0.05),到达皱胃的游离氨基酸总量分别比对照组增加了127.48%(p<0.01)、47.87%(p<0.05)和11.68%(p>0.05),游离赖氨酸分别增加81.50%(p<0.01)、46.99%(p<0.05)和72.40%(p<0.05),游离总必需氨基酸分别增加139.87%(p<0.01)、57.76%(p<0.05)和16.13%(p>0.05)。由本研究表明,添喂未经处理的赖氨酸可显著促进240日龄以内羔羊的生长,提高采食量、提高前胃营养物质的消化量、增加到达皱胃的粗蛋白量、微生物蛋白量、氨基酸的消化吸收量、改善机体的营养状况。30-80、81-120、121-240三个日龄阶段羔羊日粮赖氨酸的最适含量分别为2.2%、1.5%和0.7%。
The experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary lysine supplementation on digestibility and growth performance.In experiment 1, Sixteen male Polled DorsetxSmall-tail Han lambs, with the average body weight of 6.13±0.65Kg, at the age of 30 days were divided into 4 groups, and fed with diets 1,2 and 3 during 30～75、76～120 and 121～240 days old respectively, to study the effect of dietary lysine supplementation on intake, body weight gain, digestibility and slaughter characteristics of lambs. In experiment 2, Eight female Polled DorsetxSmall-tail Han lambs, with the average body weight of 8.9±0.38Kg, were fitted with the abomasum canula at the age of 40 days, at the age of 60 days were divided into 2 groups, and fed with diets 1,2 and 3 during 60～80、81～120 and 121～240 days old respectively,and were supplemented with lysine at the dose of 1.2%、0.8% and 0.4% in diets 1, 2 and 3 respectively,the chyme of abomasum were collected,to study the effect of dietary lysine supplementation on the nutrients arriving at the abomasum. The results showed that, In experiment 1, during 30～75、76～120 and 121～240 days old,compared with that of the control group, the voluntary intake of dry matter in the group with best supplementation of lysine during 30～75、76～120 and 121～240 days old was increased by 14.10%(p< 0.01),37.70%(p<0.01) and 30.29%(p<0.01) respectively, the daily body weight gain was increased by 52.70%(p<0.01),11.35%(p<0.05) and 34.94%(p<0.01) respectively; the apparent digestibility of crude protein was increased by 18.23%(p<0.05)、11.06%(p<0.05) and 29.63%(p<0.01) respectively; the nitrogen retention rate was increased by 17.13% (p<0.01)、8.81%(p<0.05) and 22.37%(p<0.01) respectively; and the nitrogen retention amounts was increased by 28.37%(p<0.05)、40.37%(p<0.05) and 39.72%(p<0.05) respectively. The average daily body weight gain during 30～240 days old was increased by 23.25%(p<0.01). Also, the carcass weight, net meat weight, lean weight and fat weight at the age of 240 days were increased by 34-.72%(p<0.01)、37.41%(p<0.01)、42.98%(p<0.01) and 21.96%(p>0.05) respectively. It is concluded that the growth of lambs at the age below 240 days could be promoted by supplementation of untreated lysine; and the optimum content of lysine in diets for the lamb at 30～75、76～120 and 121～240 days old were 2.2%、1.5% and 0.7% respectively.
In experiment 2, during 60～80、81～120 and 121～240 days old, compared with that of the control group,the voluntary intake of dry matter during 60～80、81～120 and 121-240 days old was increased by 12.57%(p>0.05)、19.38%(p<0.01) and 16.29%(p<0.01) respectively, the daily body weight gain was increased by 17.34%(p<0.05)^ 21.30% (p<0.01) and 17.76%(p<0.05) respectively; the digested amounts of DM in forestomach was increased by20.81%(p>0.05)、35.64%(p<0.05) and 19.97%(p<0.05) respectively, the digested amounts of OM in forestomach was increased byl7.18%(p>0.05)、31.05% (p<0.05) and 17.72%(p<0.05), the digested amounts of cellulose in forestomach was increased by26.98%(p<0.05)、50.06%(p<0.01) and 29.20%(p<0.05) respectively, the digested amounts of semi-cellulose in forestomach was increased by21.38%(p>0.05)、53.05%(p<0.01)and 19.53%(p<0.05)respectively; increased the amounts of the DM arriving at abomasum by7.01%(p>0.05)、11.59%(p<0.01) and 10.65%(p<0.01) respectively, increased the amounts of the OM arriving at abomasum by8.48%(p>0.05)、13.01% (p<0.01) and 12.14%(p<0.05), increased the amounts of the CP arriving at abomasum by11.13%(p>0.05)、21.73%(p<0.01) and 12.44%(p<0.01) respectively, increased the amounts of the microprotein arriving at abomasum by13.46%(p<0.05)、26.85%(p<0.01) and 15.08%(p<0.05) respectively, increased the amounts of the TAA arriving at abomasum by39.22%(p<0.01)、35.52%(p<0.01) and 28.27%(p<0.05) respectively, increased the amounts of lysine arriving at abomasum by 43.77%(p<0.01)、37.25%(p<0.01) and 34.38% (p<0.05) respectively, increased the amounts of TEAA arriving at abomasum by 9.21% (p<0.01)、34.40%(p<0.01) and 28.11%(p<0.05) respectively, increased the amounts of the free TAA arriving at abomasum by127.48%(p<0.01)、47.87%(p<0.05) and 11.68% (p>0.05) respectively, increased the amounts of free lysine arriving at abomasum by 81.50%(p<0.01)、46.99%(p<0.05)and 72.40%(p<0.01)respectively, increased the amounts of free TEAA arriving at abomasum by 139.87%(p<0.01)、57.76%(p<0.05) and 16.13% (p>0.05) respectively.
From this research it is concluded that the growth of lambs at the age below 240 days could be promoted by supplementation of untreated lysine; and increased the intake, the digestibility of the diet in forestomach, and the absorbed nutrients, especially amino acids in abomasums. The optimum content of lysine in diets for the lamb at 30～80、81～120 and 121～240 days old were 2.2%、1.5% and 0.7% respectively.
在试验二,羔羊在60-80、81-120和121～240三个日龄阶段,干物质采食量分别比对照组增加了12.57%(p>0.05)、19.38%(p<0.01)和16.29%(p<0.01),日增重分别提高17.34%(p<0.05)、21.30%(p<0.01)和17.76%(p<0.05)；前胃干物质消化量分别提高了20.81%(p>0.05)、35.64%(p<0.05)和19.97%(p<0.05),前胃有机物消化量分别提高了17.18%(p>0.05)、31.05%(p<0.05)和17.72%(p<0.05),前胃的纤维素消化量分别增加了26.98%(p<0.04)、50.06%(p<0.01)和29.20%,(p<0.05),半纤维素的消化量分别提高了21.38%(p>0.05)、53.05%(p<0.01)和19.53%(p<0.05)。到达皱胃的干物质量分别比对照组增加了7.01%(p>0.05)、11.59%(p<0.01)和10.65%(p<0.01),有机物的量分别增加了8.48%(p>0.05)、13.01%(p<0.01)和12.14%(p<0.05),到达皱胃的粗蛋白量分别增加了11.13%(p>0.05)、21.73%(p<0.01)和12.4%(p<0.01),其中微生物蛋白量分别增加了13.46%(p<0.05)、26.85%(p<0.01)和15.08%(p<0.05)。到达皱胃的氨基酸总量分别比对照组增加了39.22%(p<0.01)、35.52%(p<0.01)和28.27%(p<0.05),赖氨酸分别增加43.77%(p<0.01)、37.25%(p<0.01)和34.38%(p<0.05),总必需氨基酸分别增加49.21%(p<0.01)、34.40%(p<0.01)和28.11%(p<0.05),到达皱胃的游离氨基酸总量分别比对照组增加了127.48%(p<0.01)、47.87%(p<0.05)和11.68%(p>0.05),游离赖氨酸分别增加81.50%(p<0.01)、46.99%(p<0.05)和72.40%(p<0.05),游离总必需氨基酸分别增加139.87%(p<0.01)、57.76%(p<0.05)和16.13%(p>0.05)。由本研究表明,添喂未经处理的赖氨酸可显著促进240日龄以内羔羊的生长,提高采食量、提高前胃营养物质的消化量、增加到达皱胃的粗蛋白量、微生物蛋白量、氨基酸的消化吸收量、改善机体的营养状况。30-80、81-120、121-240三个日龄阶段羔羊日粮赖氨酸的最适含量分别为2.2%、1.5%和0.7%。
The experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary lysine supplementation on digestibility and growth performance.In experiment 1, Sixteen male Polled DorsetxSmall-tail Han lambs, with the average body weight of 6.13±0.65Kg, at the age of 30 days were divided into 4 groups, and fed with diets 1,2 and 3 during 30～75、76～120 and 121～240 days old respectively, to study the effect of dietary lysine supplementation on intake, body weight gain, digestibility and slaughter characteristics of lambs. In experiment 2, Eight female Polled DorsetxSmall-tail Han lambs, with the average body weight of 8.9±0.38Kg, were fitted with the abomasum canula at the age of 40 days, at the age of 60 days were divided into 2 groups, and fed with diets 1,2 and 3 during 60～80、81～120 and 121～240 days old respectively,and were supplemented with lysine at the dose of 1.2%、0.8% and 0.4% in diets 1, 2 and 3 respectively,the chyme of abomasum were collected,to study the effect of dietary lysine supplementation on the nutrients arriving at the abomasum. The results showed that, In experiment 1, during 30～75、76～120 and 121～240 days old,compared with that of the control group, the voluntary intake of dry matter in the group with best supplementation of lysine during 30～75、76～120 and 121～240 days old was increased by 14.10%(p< 0.01),37.70%(p<0.01) and 30.29%(p<0.01) respectively, the daily body weight gain was increased by 52.70%(p<0.01),11.35%(p<0.05) and 34.94%(p<0.01) respectively; the apparent digestibility of crude protein was increased by 18.23%(p<0.05)、11.06%(p<0.05) and 29.63%(p<0.01) respectively; the nitrogen retention rate was increased by 17.13% (p<0.01)、8.81%(p<0.05) and 22.37%(p<0.01) respectively; and the nitrogen retention amounts was increased by 28.37%(p<0.05)、40.37%(p<0.05) and 39.72%(p<0.05) respectively. The average daily body weight gain during 30～240 days old was increased by 23.25%(p<0.01). Also, the carcass weight, net meat weight, lean weight and fat weight at the age of 240 days were increased by 34-.72%(p<0.01)、37.41%(p<0.01)、42.98%(p<0.01) and 21.96%(p>0.05) respectively. It is concluded that the growth of lambs at the age below 240 days could be promoted by supplementation of untreated lysine; and the optimum content of lysine in diets for the lamb at 30～75、76～120 and 121～240 days old were 2.2%、1.5% and 0.7% respectively.
In experiment 2, during 60～80、81～120 and 121～240 days old, compared with that of the control group,the voluntary intake of dry matter during 60～80、81～120 and 121-240 days old was increased by 12.57%(p>0.05)、19.38%(p<0.01) and 16.29%(p<0.01) respectively, the daily body weight gain was increased by 17.34%(p<0.05)^ 21.30% (p<0.01) and 17.76%(p<0.05) respectively; the digested amounts of DM in forestomach was increased by20.81%(p>0.05)、35.64%(p<0.05) and 19.97%(p<0.05) respectively, the digested amounts of OM in forestomach was increased byl7.18%(p>0.05)、31.05% (p<0.05) and 17.72%(p<0.05), the digested amounts of cellulose in forestomach was increased by26.98%(p<0.05)、50.06%(p<0.01) and 29.20%(p<0.05) respectively, the digested amounts of semi-cellulose in forestomach was increased by21.38%(p>0.05)、53.05%(p<0.01)and 19.53%(p<0.05)respectively; increased the amounts of the DM arriving at abomasum by7.01%(p>0.05)、11.59%(p<0.01) and 10.65%(p<0.01) respectively, increased the amounts of the OM arriving at abomasum by8.48%(p>0.05)、13.01% (p<0.01) and 12.14%(p<0.05), increased the amounts of the CP arriving at abomasum by11.13%(p>0.05)、21.73%(p<0.01) and 12.44%(p<0.01) respectively, increased the amounts of the microprotein arriving at abomasum by13.46%(p<0.05)、26.85%(p<0.01) and 15.08%(p<0.05) respectively, increased the amounts of the TAA arriving at abomasum by39.22%(p<0.01)、35.52%(p<0.01) and 28.27%(p<0.05) respectively, increased the amounts of lysine arriving at abomasum by 43.77%(p<0.01)、37.25%(p<0.01) and 34.38% (p<0.05) respectively, increased the amounts of TEAA arriving at abomasum by 9.21% (p<0.01)、34.40%(p<0.01) and 28.11%(p<0.05) respectively, increased the amounts of the free TAA arriving at abomasum by127.48%(p<0.01)、47.87%(p<0.05) and 11.68% (p>0.05) respectively, increased the amounts of free lysine arriving at abomasum by 81.50%(p<0.01)、46.99%(p<0.05)and 72.40%(p<0.01)respectively, increased the amounts of free TEAA arriving at abomasum by 139.87%(p<0.01)、57.76%(p<0.05) and 16.13% (p>0.05) respectively.
From this research it is concluded that the growth of lambs at the age below 240 days could be promoted by supplementation of untreated lysine; and increased the intake, the digestibility of the diet in forestomach, and the absorbed nutrients, especially amino acids in abomasums. The optimum content of lysine in diets for the lamb at 30～80、81～120 and 121～240 days old were 2.2%、1.5% and 0.7% respectively.
引文
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