液压混合动力车辆能量管理策略研究
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摘要
液压混合动力节能汽车技术是一种新型的传动技术,该技术通过改变液压泵/马达的斜盘倾角,从而改变排量来适应负载的变化。利用液压泵/马达的四象限工作特性,能够有效地实现制动动能和重力势能的回收与再利用。当混合动力汽车各部件的结构及性能特性确定后,整车的燃油经济性和排放水平取决于能量管理策略。当混合动力汽车各部件的结构及性能特性确定后,整车的燃油经济性和排放水平取决于能量管理策略。目前混合动力汽车在如何通过能量管理策略的优化,最大程度地降低整车运行油耗,并对蓄能器SOC进行合理管理等方面还有待深入研究,因此开展能量管理策略研究对于降低混合动力汽车油耗和排放具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。
本文的研究工作是以吉林省科技厅基金项目“液压二次调节技术在汽车节能中的应用研究”以及校企合作项目“基于液压节能技术的混凝土式搅拌运输车研制”为背景,主要针对液压节能汽车的整车能量管理策略,最大程度地降低整车运行油耗,并对蓄能器SOC进行合理管理等方面进行深入研究,合作设计改装了一辆液压混合动力混凝土运输车样车。
本文针对液压混合动力车辆的主要研究工作包括以下几个方面:
1.介绍了国内外正处于研究阶段或已经完成的液压混合动力车辆,分析了国内外液压混合动力能量控制策略的研究现状。说明了进行液压混合动力能量控制策略研究的目的及意义。
2.提出了等效发动机和等效油箱理论,这是一种对并联液压混合动力车辆的燃油经济性的优化方法。这种方法在满足车辆所需达到性能的前提下,提高了混合动力系统的整体效率。并在等效理论的基础上,进行了等效模型最优解及仿真研究
3.在并联型液压混合动力汽车等效模型基础上,建立了液压混合动力车辆动力系统各关键部件数学模型、驾驶员车速模糊控制模型;建立了驾驶员需求驱动功率计算模型;建立了液压辅助动力传动系统的动力学方程。
4.完成了液压混合动力车辆在驱动工况下的瞬时能量管理策略优化研究。在本文提出的液压混合动力车辆等效模型的基础上,建立了液压辅助动力系统的充能/放能综合效率模型。在以再生制动能量回收影响系数对车辆燃油发动机和二次元件转矩分配的影响的基础上,研究了以液压蓄能器SOC的大小来确定再生制动能量回收影响系数的方法。
5.完成了液压混合动力车辆在循环工况下的能量管理控制策略及车辆燃油经济性仿真实验分析。以驱动工况和制动工况的瞬时能量管理优化策略为基础,结合液压蓄能器SOC的管理策略(包括SOC最佳使用范围的确定,以及最佳的充/放能策略),提出并研究了一种以减少车辆运行工况的油耗为目标的能量管理策略。利用该能量管理策略,对液压混合动力汽车在UDDS循环工况下的空载和满载的情况下的燃油经济性进行了实验分析。
6.利用液压混合动力试验台完成了车辆启动实验、液压辅助动力系统放能工况下的助力实验、制动能量回收控制实验、循环工况控制实验。通过台架实验验证了本文建立的液压混合动力车辆数学模型和整车能量管理控制策略的理论正确性和试验可行性。为将来的液压混合动力车辆的实车实验提供了理论基础和技术支持,验证了本文所提出的能量管理控制策略可以合理的管理液压蓄能器SOC以提高车辆的能量回收率,从而提高液压混合动力车辆的动力性和整车的燃油经济性。
本文的主要创新性工作包括以下几个方面:
1.提出了并联型液压混合动力车辆的等效模型,并在此基础上建立了并联型液压辅助动力系统的充/放能综合效率模型。
2.以瞬时能量管理优化策略为基础,并结合液压蓄能器SOC管理策略,提出了有效减少车辆在循环工况下的油耗的能量管理控制策略。针对车辆在循环工况下的液压蓄能器初始SOC值的不同,要求车辆在运用该液压蓄能器SOC管理策略的时候能满足在循环行驶工况结束时蓄能器SOC值保持在不同且合理的范围内,并确定了何时为液压辅助动力系统充能的转入条件。
3.利用GPS、GIS和ITS所提供的实时道路交通信息,以车辆最低燃油消耗量作为优化控制目标,建立了液压混合动力节能车辆运行状态数学模型和液压节能系统动态规划方程,并利用动态规划逆序算法得到液压混合动力车辆的能量预测控制策略。
Hydraulic hybrid energy-saving auto technology is a kind of new typed transmission technology, this technology by changing the pump/motor inclined dish, which changes displacement Angle to adapt to load changes. Using hydraulic pump/motor quadrant operating characteristics, can effectively achieve the braking energy and recycle and reuse of gravity potential energy. When hybrid cars of all parts of the structure and properties of the characteristic, after the confirmation of the whole vehicle fuel economy and emission levels depends on energy management strategy.
When hybrid cars of all parts of the structure and properties of the characteristic, after the confirmation of the whole vehicle fuel economy and emission levels depends on energy management strategy. At present hybrid cars in how to use energy management strategy of optimization, the greatest degree to reduce fuel consumption of the vehicle operation, and the accumulator SOC reasonable management, etc., and therefore still remain to be further research conduct energy management strategy for research to reduce fuel consumption and emissions hybrid car has important theoretical significance and application value.
This research work in jilin province by the fund project "hydraulic secondary adjusting technology in auto saving application research" and the school-enterprise cooperation project "of energy-saving technology based on hydraulic concrete type mixing transporter development" as the background, mainly in hydraulic energy-saving auto vehicle energy management strategy, the greatest degree to reduce fuel consumption of the vehicle operation, and the accumulator SOC reasonable management thorough research, cooperation design modification a hybridto hydraulic hybrid vehicle concrete truck.
Aiming at the hydraulic energy-saving auto main research work includes the following aspects:
1. Introduces is in a stage of study or have completed the hydraulic hybrid vehicles at home and abroad, analyzes the energy of hydraulic hybrid control strategy research status. Explain the hydraulic hybrid control strategy for the purpose of the research energy and significance.
2. Put forward equivalent engine and equivalent tank theory, this is a kind of parallel hydraulic hybrid vehicle fuel economy of optimization algorithm. This method satisfies the vehicle under the premise of the desired performance and improve the overall efficiency of the hybrid systems. And on equivalent theory on the basis of the equivalent model optimal solution and simulation
3. In parallel type hydraulic hybrid cars equivalent model based on that, established hydraulic hybrid vehicle dynamic system each key components, driver speed mathematical model of fuzzy control model, and considering the vehicles in starting or shift process of speed control system of the clutch abate effect; Established can be used for simulation and real-time control of drivers demand drive power calculation model. Established hybrid transmission system dynamics equation. In the above model was developed based on simulation algorithm based on prior to the parallel type hydraulic hybrid vehicle performance simulation program.
4. Completed the hydraulic hybrid cars driving condition of transient energy management strategy optimization study. Based on the proposed hydraulic hybrid cars equivalent model is established, the hybrid system is energized/put can comprehensive efficiency model. To reflect the regenerative braking energy recovery of energy management strategy of influence and the reduction of car fuel consumption, putting in the comprehensive efficiency can be introduced in the calculation model of regenerative braking energy recovery influence coefficients, analyzes the regenerative braking energy recovery influence coefficient of engine and the second component torque, and puts forward the influence of the distribution according to the size of the accumulator SOC determine the regenerative braking energy recovery influence coefficients. In order to reduce vehicle in the whole running condition of total consumption, but also according to the statistical law of the car running mode, through car in driving cycles of fuel economy simulation analysis to determine reasonable regenerative braking energy recovery influence coefficients.
5. Completed based on driving cycles of energy management strategy and automobile fuel economy simulation analysis. To drive condition and braking condition of transient energy management based optimization strategy, combining the accumulator SOC management strategy (including SOC best use range defining, and the best filling/put can strategy), is proposed to reduce automobile operating conditions of fuel as target of energy management strategy. Use this energy management strategy, of hydraulic hybrid cars in the UDDS driving mode compared no-load and full load of fuel economy is forecasted and analysis. The results show that compared with traditional basic models, accumulator SOC remain at 50% ~ 70% range, which helps reduce UDDS driving cycles of fuel consumption.
6. Complete hydraulic hybrid transmission systems and control experimental research. Completed hybrid transmission system from the start, continuous shift accelerated, uniform to deceleration control modes of the experiment, the experimental results verify the established hybrid cars simulation model and the effectiveness of energy control strategy.
This paper mainly innovative work includes the following aspects:
1. The forward parallel type hydraulic hybrid cars equivalent model, and based on the parallel type hydraulic hybrid systems of filling/put can comprehensive efficiency model. Put forward by the accumulator put can maximum overall efficiency optimization target release control strategy can working optimization model, and gives the regenerative braking energy recovery method to determine the influence coefficients.
2. With transient energy management optimization strategy as the foundation, and combining the accumulator SOC management strategy, and puts forward can effectively reduce automobile in driving cycles oil consumption of energy management strategy. For vehicles driving cycles of initial value of SOC accumulator is different, the accumulator SOC management strategy requires circular running condition of SOC keep end in different accumulator rational range, and to reduce automobile driving cycles fuel as a goal, and put forward a method of determining the accumulator energized condition into conditions method.
3. Using GPS/GIS and ITS offer real-time traffic information to vehicle minimum fuel consumption as optimization control object, this paper establishes the energy-saving hydraulic hybrid vehicle running mathematical model and hydraulic energy saving system dynamic programming equation of the dynamic programming, reverse algorithm are predictive control strategy.
4. Established can be used for simulation and real-time control of drivers demand drive power calculation model. The pilot speed fuzzy control model, considering the automobile starting or shift process of speed control system of the clutch abate effect, make the simulation algorithm of the vehicles, prior to target speed can get good tracking.
本文的研究工作是以吉林省科技厅基金项目“液压二次调节技术在汽车节能中的应用研究”以及校企合作项目“基于液压节能技术的混凝土式搅拌运输车研制”为背景,主要针对液压节能汽车的整车能量管理策略,最大程度地降低整车运行油耗,并对蓄能器SOC进行合理管理等方面进行深入研究,合作设计改装了一辆液压混合动力混凝土运输车样车。
本文针对液压混合动力车辆的主要研究工作包括以下几个方面:
1.介绍了国内外正处于研究阶段或已经完成的液压混合动力车辆,分析了国内外液压混合动力能量控制策略的研究现状。说明了进行液压混合动力能量控制策略研究的目的及意义。
2.提出了等效发动机和等效油箱理论,这是一种对并联液压混合动力车辆的燃油经济性的优化方法。这种方法在满足车辆所需达到性能的前提下,提高了混合动力系统的整体效率。并在等效理论的基础上,进行了等效模型最优解及仿真研究
3.在并联型液压混合动力汽车等效模型基础上,建立了液压混合动力车辆动力系统各关键部件数学模型、驾驶员车速模糊控制模型;建立了驾驶员需求驱动功率计算模型;建立了液压辅助动力传动系统的动力学方程。
4.完成了液压混合动力车辆在驱动工况下的瞬时能量管理策略优化研究。在本文提出的液压混合动力车辆等效模型的基础上,建立了液压辅助动力系统的充能/放能综合效率模型。在以再生制动能量回收影响系数对车辆燃油发动机和二次元件转矩分配的影响的基础上,研究了以液压蓄能器SOC的大小来确定再生制动能量回收影响系数的方法。
5.完成了液压混合动力车辆在循环工况下的能量管理控制策略及车辆燃油经济性仿真实验分析。以驱动工况和制动工况的瞬时能量管理优化策略为基础,结合液压蓄能器SOC的管理策略(包括SOC最佳使用范围的确定,以及最佳的充/放能策略),提出并研究了一种以减少车辆运行工况的油耗为目标的能量管理策略。利用该能量管理策略,对液压混合动力汽车在UDDS循环工况下的空载和满载的情况下的燃油经济性进行了实验分析。
6.利用液压混合动力试验台完成了车辆启动实验、液压辅助动力系统放能工况下的助力实验、制动能量回收控制实验、循环工况控制实验。通过台架实验验证了本文建立的液压混合动力车辆数学模型和整车能量管理控制策略的理论正确性和试验可行性。为将来的液压混合动力车辆的实车实验提供了理论基础和技术支持,验证了本文所提出的能量管理控制策略可以合理的管理液压蓄能器SOC以提高车辆的能量回收率,从而提高液压混合动力车辆的动力性和整车的燃油经济性。
本文的主要创新性工作包括以下几个方面:
1.提出了并联型液压混合动力车辆的等效模型,并在此基础上建立了并联型液压辅助动力系统的充/放能综合效率模型。
2.以瞬时能量管理优化策略为基础,并结合液压蓄能器SOC管理策略,提出了有效减少车辆在循环工况下的油耗的能量管理控制策略。针对车辆在循环工况下的液压蓄能器初始SOC值的不同,要求车辆在运用该液压蓄能器SOC管理策略的时候能满足在循环行驶工况结束时蓄能器SOC值保持在不同且合理的范围内,并确定了何时为液压辅助动力系统充能的转入条件。
3.利用GPS、GIS和ITS所提供的实时道路交通信息,以车辆最低燃油消耗量作为优化控制目标,建立了液压混合动力节能车辆运行状态数学模型和液压节能系统动态规划方程,并利用动态规划逆序算法得到液压混合动力车辆的能量预测控制策略。
Hydraulic hybrid energy-saving auto technology is a kind of new typed transmission technology, this technology by changing the pump/motor inclined dish, which changes displacement Angle to adapt to load changes. Using hydraulic pump/motor quadrant operating characteristics, can effectively achieve the braking energy and recycle and reuse of gravity potential energy. When hybrid cars of all parts of the structure and properties of the characteristic, after the confirmation of the whole vehicle fuel economy and emission levels depends on energy management strategy.
When hybrid cars of all parts of the structure and properties of the characteristic, after the confirmation of the whole vehicle fuel economy and emission levels depends on energy management strategy. At present hybrid cars in how to use energy management strategy of optimization, the greatest degree to reduce fuel consumption of the vehicle operation, and the accumulator SOC reasonable management, etc., and therefore still remain to be further research conduct energy management strategy for research to reduce fuel consumption and emissions hybrid car has important theoretical significance and application value.
This research work in jilin province by the fund project "hydraulic secondary adjusting technology in auto saving application research" and the school-enterprise cooperation project "of energy-saving technology based on hydraulic concrete type mixing transporter development" as the background, mainly in hydraulic energy-saving auto vehicle energy management strategy, the greatest degree to reduce fuel consumption of the vehicle operation, and the accumulator SOC reasonable management thorough research, cooperation design modification a hybridto hydraulic hybrid vehicle concrete truck.
Aiming at the hydraulic energy-saving auto main research work includes the following aspects:
1. Introduces is in a stage of study or have completed the hydraulic hybrid vehicles at home and abroad, analyzes the energy of hydraulic hybrid control strategy research status. Explain the hydraulic hybrid control strategy for the purpose of the research energy and significance.
2. Put forward equivalent engine and equivalent tank theory, this is a kind of parallel hydraulic hybrid vehicle fuel economy of optimization algorithm. This method satisfies the vehicle under the premise of the desired performance and improve the overall efficiency of the hybrid systems. And on equivalent theory on the basis of the equivalent model optimal solution and simulation
3. In parallel type hydraulic hybrid cars equivalent model based on that, established hydraulic hybrid vehicle dynamic system each key components, driver speed mathematical model of fuzzy control model, and considering the vehicles in starting or shift process of speed control system of the clutch abate effect; Established can be used for simulation and real-time control of drivers demand drive power calculation model. Established hybrid transmission system dynamics equation. In the above model was developed based on simulation algorithm based on prior to the parallel type hydraulic hybrid vehicle performance simulation program.
4. Completed the hydraulic hybrid cars driving condition of transient energy management strategy optimization study. Based on the proposed hydraulic hybrid cars equivalent model is established, the hybrid system is energized/put can comprehensive efficiency model. To reflect the regenerative braking energy recovery of energy management strategy of influence and the reduction of car fuel consumption, putting in the comprehensive efficiency can be introduced in the calculation model of regenerative braking energy recovery influence coefficients, analyzes the regenerative braking energy recovery influence coefficient of engine and the second component torque, and puts forward the influence of the distribution according to the size of the accumulator SOC determine the regenerative braking energy recovery influence coefficients. In order to reduce vehicle in the whole running condition of total consumption, but also according to the statistical law of the car running mode, through car in driving cycles of fuel economy simulation analysis to determine reasonable regenerative braking energy recovery influence coefficients.
5. Completed based on driving cycles of energy management strategy and automobile fuel economy simulation analysis. To drive condition and braking condition of transient energy management based optimization strategy, combining the accumulator SOC management strategy (including SOC best use range defining, and the best filling/put can strategy), is proposed to reduce automobile operating conditions of fuel as target of energy management strategy. Use this energy management strategy, of hydraulic hybrid cars in the UDDS driving mode compared no-load and full load of fuel economy is forecasted and analysis. The results show that compared with traditional basic models, accumulator SOC remain at 50% ~ 70% range, which helps reduce UDDS driving cycles of fuel consumption.
6. Complete hydraulic hybrid transmission systems and control experimental research. Completed hybrid transmission system from the start, continuous shift accelerated, uniform to deceleration control modes of the experiment, the experimental results verify the established hybrid cars simulation model and the effectiveness of energy control strategy.
This paper mainly innovative work includes the following aspects:
1. The forward parallel type hydraulic hybrid cars equivalent model, and based on the parallel type hydraulic hybrid systems of filling/put can comprehensive efficiency model. Put forward by the accumulator put can maximum overall efficiency optimization target release control strategy can working optimization model, and gives the regenerative braking energy recovery method to determine the influence coefficients.
2. With transient energy management optimization strategy as the foundation, and combining the accumulator SOC management strategy, and puts forward can effectively reduce automobile in driving cycles oil consumption of energy management strategy. For vehicles driving cycles of initial value of SOC accumulator is different, the accumulator SOC management strategy requires circular running condition of SOC keep end in different accumulator rational range, and to reduce automobile driving cycles fuel as a goal, and put forward a method of determining the accumulator energized condition into conditions method.
3. Using GPS/GIS and ITS offer real-time traffic information to vehicle minimum fuel consumption as optimization control object, this paper establishes the energy-saving hydraulic hybrid vehicle running mathematical model and hydraulic energy saving system dynamic programming equation of the dynamic programming, reverse algorithm are predictive control strategy.
4. Established can be used for simulation and real-time control of drivers demand drive power calculation model. The pilot speed fuzzy control model, considering the automobile starting or shift process of speed control system of the clutch abate effect, make the simulation algorithm of the vehicles, prior to target speed can get good tracking.
引文
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