城市土地利用与交通系统的协同发展研究
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摘要
近年来,随着城市化进程的快速推进和机动化水平的不断提高,城市交通问题变得日益严峻,成为影响城市可持续发展的重要问题之一。城市交通问题的改善本质上依赖于城市土地利用与交通系统两者的协同发展。因此,研究城市土地利用与交通系统之间的内在联系,揭示其内在规律,探索实现两者协同发展的理想途径,对缓解城市交通问题,促进城市健康、可持续发展具有极其重要的研究意义。
本文立足于交通产生“源”——土地利用和交通供给“流”——交通系统,采用理论与实证相结合的技术路线,寻求实现土地利用与交通系统协同发展的理论方法,具体从以下几个方面展开研究：首先,从土地利用对交通系统的影响和交通系统对土地利用的影响两方面,研究土地利用与交通系统的互动机理,为论文下一步的研究提供理论基础；其次,从实证研究的角度,选取大连市为分析对象,分别研究土地利用对交通系统的影响,以及交通系统对土地利用的影响；土地利用对交通系统的影响主要以城市化进程中在土地利用方面显现的特征为切入点,选取大连港为研究对象,分析大连港老港区向大窑湾新港区进行整体搬迁后,大连市土地利用格局的变化以及由此导致的交通需求的变化；交通系统对土地利用的影响主要从轨道交通建设对地价的影响效果入手,运用资产价值法,构建轨道交通建设对沿线地价影响的数学模型,分析交通系统影响土地价格、进而影响土地利用的机理；最后,基于土地利用与交通系统互动机理的理论和实证研究,提出公交导向的土地开发模式是实现两者协同发展的理想模式,同时收集大连市轨道交通和居民出行的基础数据,构建交通需求预测模型和效果评价方法,计算公交导向的土地开发模式应用后的总体效果。
研究结果表明,公交导向的土地开发模式具有显著的改善城市交通状况的效果,可以诱导城市土地利用格局趋于合理化。
In recent years, with the rapid progress of urbanization and the rising levels of motorization, the urban traffic problem has been increasingly severe, becoming one of the most important issues hindering the sustainable development of cities. The improvement of the problem relies essentially on the coordination between the urban land use and the traffic system. Therefore, it is of great necessity to study the internal relations between the land use and the traffic system, to show their internal disciplines, and to seek for the ideal approach to achieving the coordinated development. The research has great significance for solving the urban traffic problem and promoting the cities' healthy, sustainable development.
Based on the traffic generated "source"-the land use and the traffic supply "flow"-the traffic system, this paper employs a technical route combined with theoretical and empirical analysis. Through the correct understanding of the interactive relations, this thesis aims to discover the theoretical method to achieve the coordinated development of the urban land use and the traffic system, and it conducts the research from the following aspects:
Firstly, it studies the interaction mechanism of the land use and the traffic system. Secondly, from the perspective of empirical research, it selects Dalian as the research object and studies the impact of the land use on the traffic system and the impact in reverse. In terms of the former impact analysis, it selects the land-use characteristics in the urbanization progress as the starting point, chooses the Dalian Port as the research object, and studies the changes of land use patterns and the resulting traffic demands after the overall relocation of Dalian Old Port. In terms of the analysis on the impact of the traffic system on the land use, it mainly starts from the effect of rail transit on the land value. It adopts the asset value method to quantitatively calculate the effect, and to study the mechanism which the traffic system influences the land use. Finally, based on the theoretical and empirical analysis of the interaction mechanism, it points out that the Transit Oriented Development is the optimal method to achieve the coordinated development. In order to study the effect of TOD method on the improvement of traffic conditions, it collects the basic data of Dalian rail transit and the residents' trips, builds the traffic demand forecasting model and the effect evaluation method, and calculates the overall effects of this method.
The result demonstrates that the TOD program based on the rail transit are able to induce the rationalization of the urban land use, due to its obvious effects on the improvement of traffic problems.
本文立足于交通产生“源”——土地利用和交通供给“流”——交通系统,采用理论与实证相结合的技术路线,寻求实现土地利用与交通系统协同发展的理论方法,具体从以下几个方面展开研究：首先,从土地利用对交通系统的影响和交通系统对土地利用的影响两方面,研究土地利用与交通系统的互动机理,为论文下一步的研究提供理论基础；其次,从实证研究的角度,选取大连市为分析对象,分别研究土地利用对交通系统的影响,以及交通系统对土地利用的影响；土地利用对交通系统的影响主要以城市化进程中在土地利用方面显现的特征为切入点,选取大连港为研究对象,分析大连港老港区向大窑湾新港区进行整体搬迁后,大连市土地利用格局的变化以及由此导致的交通需求的变化；交通系统对土地利用的影响主要从轨道交通建设对地价的影响效果入手,运用资产价值法,构建轨道交通建设对沿线地价影响的数学模型,分析交通系统影响土地价格、进而影响土地利用的机理；最后,基于土地利用与交通系统互动机理的理论和实证研究,提出公交导向的土地开发模式是实现两者协同发展的理想模式,同时收集大连市轨道交通和居民出行的基础数据,构建交通需求预测模型和效果评价方法,计算公交导向的土地开发模式应用后的总体效果。
研究结果表明,公交导向的土地开发模式具有显著的改善城市交通状况的效果,可以诱导城市土地利用格局趋于合理化。
In recent years, with the rapid progress of urbanization and the rising levels of motorization, the urban traffic problem has been increasingly severe, becoming one of the most important issues hindering the sustainable development of cities. The improvement of the problem relies essentially on the coordination between the urban land use and the traffic system. Therefore, it is of great necessity to study the internal relations between the land use and the traffic system, to show their internal disciplines, and to seek for the ideal approach to achieving the coordinated development. The research has great significance for solving the urban traffic problem and promoting the cities' healthy, sustainable development.
Based on the traffic generated "source"-the land use and the traffic supply "flow"-the traffic system, this paper employs a technical route combined with theoretical and empirical analysis. Through the correct understanding of the interactive relations, this thesis aims to discover the theoretical method to achieve the coordinated development of the urban land use and the traffic system, and it conducts the research from the following aspects:
Firstly, it studies the interaction mechanism of the land use and the traffic system. Secondly, from the perspective of empirical research, it selects Dalian as the research object and studies the impact of the land use on the traffic system and the impact in reverse. In terms of the former impact analysis, it selects the land-use characteristics in the urbanization progress as the starting point, chooses the Dalian Port as the research object, and studies the changes of land use patterns and the resulting traffic demands after the overall relocation of Dalian Old Port. In terms of the analysis on the impact of the traffic system on the land use, it mainly starts from the effect of rail transit on the land value. It adopts the asset value method to quantitatively calculate the effect, and to study the mechanism which the traffic system influences the land use. Finally, based on the theoretical and empirical analysis of the interaction mechanism, it points out that the Transit Oriented Development is the optimal method to achieve the coordinated development. In order to study the effect of TOD method on the improvement of traffic conditions, it collects the basic data of Dalian rail transit and the residents' trips, builds the traffic demand forecasting model and the effect evaluation method, and calculates the overall effects of this method.
The result demonstrates that the TOD program based on the rail transit are able to induce the rationalization of the urban land use, due to its obvious effects on the improvement of traffic problems.
引文
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