混凝土梁桥沥青铺装结构分析与材料优化研究
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摘要
本文针对混凝土梁桥沥青铺装存在的开裂、推移、车辙等问题,以简支空心板梁沥青混凝土铺装为研究对象,以弹性力学作为理论基础,应用有限元法,运用ANSYS、LSDYNA等软件,建立混凝土梁桥沥青铺装结构有限元分析模型,采用实体子午线轮胎加载,进行混凝土梁桥沥青铺装结构的静力学、动力学以及温度响应分析,在此基础上探讨了空心板梁沥青桥面铺装结构设计方法。结合广东地区实体工程对空心板梁沥青桥面铺装材料组成进行了优化,并铺筑了试验段。
通过本文的研究发现,混凝土梁桥沥青铺装结构受力与普通路面结构有很大不同,其中上层沥青混凝土铺装与轮胎接触区域应力最大,该区域存在从上往下开裂的趋势,适当增加上层沥青混凝土铺装的厚度以及提高层间粘结性能可有效改善结构的受力状况。车辆通过桥头接缝时产生很大冲击力,容易造成接缝附近铺装破损。在刹车时及大纵坡路段,由于轮胎产生水平力主要作用在上层沥青混凝土铺装上,因而对混凝土梁桥沥青铺装上层沥青混凝土的抗剪切能力提出了更高的要求。同时混凝土梁桥沥青铺装温度效应不可忽略,温度应力是造成铺装层边缘撕开及开裂的主要原因,温度车辆荷载耦合作用加剧了混凝土梁桥沥青铺装的破坏。
通过力学模型分析,本文对桥面沥青混凝土铺装结构设计方法进行了探讨,提出以沥青混凝土铺装层表面最大拉应力作为结构设计的主要指标,以沥青混凝土最大剪应力作为辅助指标,明确了沥青混凝土桥面铺装结构设计的主要流程。
采用多级嵌锁抗剪级配设计方法对集料级配进行优化,基于层位功能对铺装上、下层沥青混合料配合比进行了优化设计。通过沥青混凝土桥面铺装层中掺加玻璃纤维前后力学性能对比测试,可知,玻璃纤维对铺装上、下层的力学性能改善作用均较好,能有效提高沥青混合料的抗拉、抗剪及疲劳性能,使玻璃纤维沥青混凝土铺装更能适应桥面铺装的受力特点,因此推荐铺装层均采用玻璃纤维加筋沥青混凝土；同时还详细分析研究了四种不同防水粘结层材料的力学及路用性能,推荐工程使用。
According to the problems of cracking, lapse, rutting exist in asphalt concrete beam bridge deck, this paper takes simply supported hollow slab of asphalt concrete pavement as the research object. Based on the theory of elasticity finite element method, using ANSYS, LSDYNA and other software to establish the finite element analysis model of the concrete beam bridge asphalt bridge deck, using radial tire to load entities, On the basis of analyzing statics, dynamics, and temperature response of the structure of the composite bridge deck, this article discusses the design method of the structure of the bridge deck asphalt concrete. By combining with the project in Guangdong Province, the material composition of hollow slab of asphalt concrete pavement is optimized and a test road is paved.
Researches in this paper show that force of concrete beam bridge asphalt bridge deck structure is different from that of the ordinary road, the stress of the upper asphalt concrete pavement which contacts with the tire is the largest and the region has tendency of cracking from top to bottom, so by increasing the thickness of the upper asphalt concrete pavement appropriately and improving the adhesion properties of the interlayer the stress state of structure the can be enhanced effectively. The huge impact force generated by passing vehicle can easily causes damage near the pavement joints. When braking or on the longitudinal slope, the horizontal force generated by tire mainly acts on the upper asphalt concrete pavement, so it has a higher requirement for the antishear ability of asphalt concrete of the upper asphalt concrete bridge deck. At the same time, the temperature effect of concrete beam bridge deck can't be ignored, because the temperature stress is the main reason that causes the tearing and cracking of pavement edge. The temperaturevehicle load coupling function aggravates the destruction of the composite bridge deck.
After the analysis of mechanics model, this paper discusses the design method of the asphalt concrete bridge deck structure and proposes asphalt concrete pavement surface maximum tensile stress as the main indicators of structural design, and maximum shear stress of asphalt concrete as the auxiliary indicators, and the main flow of asphalt concrete pavement structure design is also proposed.
By using multilevel embedded antishear grading design method to optimize the gradation, and the lower and upper pavement asphalt mixture is designed based on layer functions. Glass fiber reinforced asphalt concrete is recommended to use in this paper, through the comparison test in the mechanical properties before and after asphalt concrete deck by mixing glass fibers, it can be known that the glass fiber had an improvement on the mechanical performance in the lower and the upper deck, can effectively improve the tensile strength, shear and fatigue properties of asphalt mixture, make the deck adapt to the force characteristics, at the same time, this paper deeply analyzed four different mechanical bonding layer waterproof and performance, recommended engineering to use it.
通过本文的研究发现,混凝土梁桥沥青铺装结构受力与普通路面结构有很大不同,其中上层沥青混凝土铺装与轮胎接触区域应力最大,该区域存在从上往下开裂的趋势,适当增加上层沥青混凝土铺装的厚度以及提高层间粘结性能可有效改善结构的受力状况。车辆通过桥头接缝时产生很大冲击力,容易造成接缝附近铺装破损。在刹车时及大纵坡路段,由于轮胎产生水平力主要作用在上层沥青混凝土铺装上,因而对混凝土梁桥沥青铺装上层沥青混凝土的抗剪切能力提出了更高的要求。同时混凝土梁桥沥青铺装温度效应不可忽略,温度应力是造成铺装层边缘撕开及开裂的主要原因,温度车辆荷载耦合作用加剧了混凝土梁桥沥青铺装的破坏。
通过力学模型分析,本文对桥面沥青混凝土铺装结构设计方法进行了探讨,提出以沥青混凝土铺装层表面最大拉应力作为结构设计的主要指标,以沥青混凝土最大剪应力作为辅助指标,明确了沥青混凝土桥面铺装结构设计的主要流程。
采用多级嵌锁抗剪级配设计方法对集料级配进行优化,基于层位功能对铺装上、下层沥青混合料配合比进行了优化设计。通过沥青混凝土桥面铺装层中掺加玻璃纤维前后力学性能对比测试,可知,玻璃纤维对铺装上、下层的力学性能改善作用均较好,能有效提高沥青混合料的抗拉、抗剪及疲劳性能,使玻璃纤维沥青混凝土铺装更能适应桥面铺装的受力特点,因此推荐铺装层均采用玻璃纤维加筋沥青混凝土；同时还详细分析研究了四种不同防水粘结层材料的力学及路用性能,推荐工程使用。
According to the problems of cracking, lapse, rutting exist in asphalt concrete beam bridge deck, this paper takes simply supported hollow slab of asphalt concrete pavement as the research object. Based on the theory of elasticity finite element method, using ANSYS, LSDYNA and other software to establish the finite element analysis model of the concrete beam bridge asphalt bridge deck, using radial tire to load entities, On the basis of analyzing statics, dynamics, and temperature response of the structure of the composite bridge deck, this article discusses the design method of the structure of the bridge deck asphalt concrete. By combining with the project in Guangdong Province, the material composition of hollow slab of asphalt concrete pavement is optimized and a test road is paved.
Researches in this paper show that force of concrete beam bridge asphalt bridge deck structure is different from that of the ordinary road, the stress of the upper asphalt concrete pavement which contacts with the tire is the largest and the region has tendency of cracking from top to bottom, so by increasing the thickness of the upper asphalt concrete pavement appropriately and improving the adhesion properties of the interlayer the stress state of structure the can be enhanced effectively. The huge impact force generated by passing vehicle can easily causes damage near the pavement joints. When braking or on the longitudinal slope, the horizontal force generated by tire mainly acts on the upper asphalt concrete pavement, so it has a higher requirement for the antishear ability of asphalt concrete of the upper asphalt concrete bridge deck. At the same time, the temperature effect of concrete beam bridge deck can't be ignored, because the temperature stress is the main reason that causes the tearing and cracking of pavement edge. The temperaturevehicle load coupling function aggravates the destruction of the composite bridge deck.
After the analysis of mechanics model, this paper discusses the design method of the asphalt concrete bridge deck structure and proposes asphalt concrete pavement surface maximum tensile stress as the main indicators of structural design, and maximum shear stress of asphalt concrete as the auxiliary indicators, and the main flow of asphalt concrete pavement structure design is also proposed.
By using multilevel embedded antishear grading design method to optimize the gradation, and the lower and upper pavement asphalt mixture is designed based on layer functions. Glass fiber reinforced asphalt concrete is recommended to use in this paper, through the comparison test in the mechanical properties before and after asphalt concrete deck by mixing glass fibers, it can be known that the glass fiber had an improvement on the mechanical performance in the lower and the upper deck, can effectively improve the tensile strength, shear and fatigue properties of asphalt mixture, make the deck adapt to the force characteristics, at the same time, this paper deeply analyzed four different mechanical bonding layer waterproof and performance, recommended engineering to use it.
引文
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