跳汰机交流液压系统动态特性数字仿真与参数优化
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摘要
本文以圆形跳汰机交流液压系统为研究对象，展开该系统动态特性数字仿真与参数优化问题的研究。首先应用交流液压技术的工作原理进行跳汰机交流液压系统的理论研究。通过比较多种液压系统建模方法，文章确定选用功率键合图这一先进的动态建模工具建立系统模型，并对功率键合图的基本原理与构成元素作了详细说明。
跳汰机交流液压系统动态建模与仿真是课题研究的基础。在充分掌握系统工作原理与键合图建模理论的基础上，通过建立系统中各元件的键合图模型，并确定各元件的运动规律与键合关系，得到跳汰机单相交流液压系统的功率键合图模型。采用MATLAB状态空间分析方法对该系统模型进行数字仿真，得到较为理想的系统动态特性曲线。在此基础上，本文还对跳汰机多相交流液压系统动态模型的建立进行了探索性研究。
在深入了解跳汰机交流液压系统结构与工作原理的基础上，介绍了皮囊式蓄能器在本系统内的两种应用，着重对作为气体液压弹簧的高压蓄能器工作特性进行研究，并对蓄能器的充气压力、有效容积等性能参数进行了设计计算，在保证系统工作可靠性的前提下实现系统优化。
系统模型在耦合参数的研究中，通过调整模型中的多个系统性能结构参数，总结出各参数对系统动态特性的影响规律。文章还利用MATLAB中的GUI (graphics user interface)技术模块开发了跳汰机单相交流液压系统的参数优化仿真软件，通过比较不同参数组合的仿真曲线，为系统性能优化提供了有效途径。
Based on the jig alternating-flow hydraulic system, the dynamic characterize of the system and it’s parameter optimizing research was studied in this paper. The alternating-flow hydraulic technology was used to take on theory study for the jig alternating-flow hydraulic system. After comparing varied modeling methods, power-bond graph, which is an advanced modeling tool, was adopted to setup the system dynamic model. The principle and component of power-bond graph were introduced in detail as well.
Modeling and simulation on the jig alternating-flow hydraulic system with computer is the general goal of this paper. By building the power-bond graph for each component of the system and ascertaining the connection between motion rule and bond-graph of the components, the single-phase jig alternating-flow hydraulic system model was build. In order to solve this model, the state-space method based on MATLAB was used, and the dynamic characteristic curve with comparatively precision has been achieved. Based on this, some groping research on multi-phase jig alternating-flow hydraulic system modeling was given in this paper.
After studying the structure and work principle of the alternating-flow hydraulic system for the jig, two application modes of the capsule accumulator in this system were introduced. As an air spring, the performance of the high pressure accumulator has been analyzed. The performance parameters such as charge pressure and effective volume of the accumulator was recalculated and optimized, which makes it possible to save energy and get a reliable goal of optimizes.
To study the coupled parameters of the system model, some structure performance parameters was adjusted and the affection law has been sum up. What is worthwhile to mention, a visual simulation software for optimizing parameters of the single-phase jig alternating-flow hydraulic system was developed with GUI technology in MATLAB. By comparing simulation result curves with different parameters combination, the effective approach to
optimize the performance of this system can be easily achieved.
跳汰机交流液压系统动态建模与仿真是课题研究的基础。在充分掌握系统工作原理与键合图建模理论的基础上，通过建立系统中各元件的键合图模型，并确定各元件的运动规律与键合关系，得到跳汰机单相交流液压系统的功率键合图模型。采用MATLAB状态空间分析方法对该系统模型进行数字仿真，得到较为理想的系统动态特性曲线。在此基础上，本文还对跳汰机多相交流液压系统动态模型的建立进行了探索性研究。
在深入了解跳汰机交流液压系统结构与工作原理的基础上，介绍了皮囊式蓄能器在本系统内的两种应用，着重对作为气体液压弹簧的高压蓄能器工作特性进行研究，并对蓄能器的充气压力、有效容积等性能参数进行了设计计算，在保证系统工作可靠性的前提下实现系统优化。
系统模型在耦合参数的研究中，通过调整模型中的多个系统性能结构参数，总结出各参数对系统动态特性的影响规律。文章还利用MATLAB中的GUI (graphics user interface)技术模块开发了跳汰机单相交流液压系统的参数优化仿真软件，通过比较不同参数组合的仿真曲线，为系统性能优化提供了有效途径。
Based on the jig alternating-flow hydraulic system, the dynamic characterize of the system and it’s parameter optimizing research was studied in this paper. The alternating-flow hydraulic technology was used to take on theory study for the jig alternating-flow hydraulic system. After comparing varied modeling methods, power-bond graph, which is an advanced modeling tool, was adopted to setup the system dynamic model. The principle and component of power-bond graph were introduced in detail as well.
Modeling and simulation on the jig alternating-flow hydraulic system with computer is the general goal of this paper. By building the power-bond graph for each component of the system and ascertaining the connection between motion rule and bond-graph of the components, the single-phase jig alternating-flow hydraulic system model was build. In order to solve this model, the state-space method based on MATLAB was used, and the dynamic characteristic curve with comparatively precision has been achieved. Based on this, some groping research on multi-phase jig alternating-flow hydraulic system modeling was given in this paper.
After studying the structure and work principle of the alternating-flow hydraulic system for the jig, two application modes of the capsule accumulator in this system were introduced. As an air spring, the performance of the high pressure accumulator has been analyzed. The performance parameters such as charge pressure and effective volume of the accumulator was recalculated and optimized, which makes it possible to save energy and get a reliable goal of optimizes.
To study the coupled parameters of the system model, some structure performance parameters was adjusted and the affection law has been sum up. What is worthwhile to mention, a visual simulation software for optimizing parameters of the single-phase jig alternating-flow hydraulic system was developed with GUI technology in MATLAB. By comparing simulation result curves with different parameters combination, the effective approach to
optimize the performance of this system can be easily achieved.
引文
冯树高.我国采金船的现状.工程设计与研究,1991,(24):18-22
Luckie,Peter T.Staged Solid–Solid Separations Revisited. International Journal of Mineral, 1992:357-396
华子元.现代采金船及其发展趋向.民船船型开发通讯,1990,(4):30-34;41
忻尚正.采金船及设备在我国的应用状况.有色矿山,1997,(1):9-13
Rajan, Venkat N., Sivasubramanian Kadiresan, Fernandez Jeffrey E. Accessibility and ergonomic analysis of assembly product and jig designs.International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 1999,23(20):473-487
范象波.重力选矿的回顾和展望.国外金属矿选矿,1991,7(8):21-26
孙玉波.重选设备的技术现状与发展前景.冶金矿山与冶金设备,1996,(3):43-48,63
Galvin K.P., Pratten S.J., Lambert N. Influence of a Jigging Action on the Gravity separation achieved in a teetered bed separator .Minerals Engineering, 2002,15(12): 1199-1202
Fernandes, Kiran J., Raja, Vinesh H..Incorporated tool selection system using object technology. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 2000,40 (11):1547-1555
赵静一,王益群.交流液压技术的工作原理及其应用和发展.液压与气动,1998,(3):11-13
Mishra, B. K., Adhikari B. Analysis of fluid motion during jigging. Minerals Engineering, 1999,12(12):1469-1477
王刚.采金船圆形跳汰机全液压传动系统实验.矿山机械,1992,(9):2-6
Lin, I. J., Krush-Bram, M., Rosen house, G.. The Beneficiation of Minerals by Magnetic Jigging. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 1997,50(3):143-159
赵静一,王益群.采金船圆形跳汰机脉冲式液压系统分析.东北重机学院学报, 1996,20(1):104-107
朱文华.液压振动技术.福州:福建科学技术出版社,1984:67-86
雷天觉.液压工程手册.北京:机械工业出版社,1990:1854-1858
庄凤龄.交流液压的原理与应用.机床与液压,1978(2):1-9;1978(5):27-32
赵晓冬,赵静一.模糊思维与广义设计——理论和建模及其应用.北京:机
械工业出版社,1998:27-89
雷步芳,李永堂,朱元乾,等.液压大系统“灰箱”建模方法.太原重型机械学院学报, 1997,18(3):201-205
李永堂.液压系统建模与仿真.北京:冶金工业出版社,2003:137-139;199-245
D.C.卡诺普，R.C.罗森堡.北京:机械工业出版社,1985:2-298
蔡廷文.液压系统现代建模方法.北京:中国标准出版社,2002:1-26
张亚辉.液压系统的键合图建模法.湘潭大学自然科学学报,2000,12(4):101~104
Gawthrop, Peter J. Sensitivity bond graphs. Journal of The Franklin Institute, 2000,(337): 907-922
李锋,黄先祥,马长林.承载下降液压系统动态特性仿真研究.机床与液压,2003(5):80-82
任锦堂.键合图理论及应用.上海:上海交通大学出版社,1992:12-95;159-188
Gawthrop, Peter J. Physical Model-based Control: A Bond Graph Approach. Journal of The Franklin Institute, 1995,32:285-305
J. Nikoukaran, V. Hlupic, Ray J. Paul. A Hierarchical Framework for Evaluating Simulation Software. Simulation Practice and Theory, 1999,(7):219-231
蒋守仁,蒋丹青.基于功率键图合数字仿真的比例变量泵调速系统动态特性分析.合肥工业大学学报,1993,16(3):29-38
陆元章.液压系统的建模与分析.上海:上海交通大学出版社,1989:23-278
周志鸿,闫建辉,陈泽.氮爆式液压活塞回程运动的计算.凿岩机械气动工具,2003, (1):10-14
周志鸿,闫建辉,刘连华.间隙泄漏量的分析计算.凿岩机械气动工具,2002,(4):14-17
齐任贤,刘世勋.液压振动设备动态理论与设计.长沙:中南工业大学出版社,1989:15-18;149-157
陈照弟,李洪人,王广怀,等.蓄能器对路系统压力冲击影响的分析研究.液压气动与密封,1999,74(2):2-5
P.德兰斯菲尔德.液压控制系统的设计与动态分析.北京:科学出版社,1987:21-101
Borutzky, W., Barnard, B., Thomas, J.U. Describing bond graph models of hydraulic components in Madelia. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation,2000,53(30):381-387
张尚才.工程系统的键图模拟和仿真.北京:机械工业出版社.1993:54-78
Borutzky, W. Bond graph modeling from an object oriented modeling point of view. Simulation Practice and Theory, 1999,7(15):439-461
郭世伟,任中全,刘永军.基于功率键合图的Matlab建模仿真在液压系统中的应用研究.煤矿机械,2001,2:11-16
邹湘伏.氮爆式液压破碎锤动态特性数字仿真及性能测试新方法研究.[中南大学硕士学位论文],2002:31-40
齐任贤,刘世勋.液压振动设备动态理论与设计.长沙:中南工业大学出版社, 1989:246-258
Cacho, R., Felez, J., Vera, C. Deriving simulation models from bond graphs with algebraic loops: The extension to multibond graph systems. Journal of The Franklin Institute, 2000,337:579-600
Reibiger. A., Loose. H. Bond graphs and matroids. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 2000,53(30):323-332
Delgado Marisol, Pichardo Cesar. Use of MATLAB and 20-sim to simulate a flash separator. Simulation Practice and Theory, 1999,7(15):515-530
王继红.蓄能器在工程起重机上的新应用.工程机械,2001,(9):34-36
封士彩.气囊式蓄能器气体多变指数理论值和实际值的确定.液压与气动,2002,(5):3-5
柴业森,张中发.皮囊式蓄能器在管路系统中的应用.管道技术与设备,2000,(4):14-16
郅瑶.蓄能器的压力调节与压力控制.新疆农机化,1995,(4):36-38
何存兴.液压元件.武汉:华中工学院,1982:568-621
徐学新,张伟.提高蓄能器有效工作容积的途径.液压气动与密封,2001,(4):36-37
Chicurel Ricardo. A compromise solution for energy recovery in vehicle braking. Energy, 1999,24(12):1029-1034
郑笑红.液压系统动态特性数字仿真.华北矿业高等专科学校学报,2000,2(4):21-25
欧阳黎明.MATLAB控制系统设计.北京:国防工业出版社,2001:45-48;69-88
闻新,周露,张鸿.MATLAB科学图形构建基础与应用(6.X).北京:科学出版社, 2002:263-326
Luckie,Peter T.Staged Solid–Solid Separations Revisited. International Journal of Mineral, 1992:357-396
华子元.现代采金船及其发展趋向.民船船型开发通讯,1990,(4):30-34;41
忻尚正.采金船及设备在我国的应用状况.有色矿山,1997,(1):9-13
Rajan, Venkat N., Sivasubramanian Kadiresan, Fernandez Jeffrey E. Accessibility and ergonomic analysis of assembly product and jig designs.International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 1999,23(20):473-487
范象波.重力选矿的回顾和展望.国外金属矿选矿,1991,7(8):21-26
孙玉波.重选设备的技术现状与发展前景.冶金矿山与冶金设备,1996,(3):43-48,63
Galvin K.P., Pratten S.J., Lambert N. Influence of a Jigging Action on the Gravity separation achieved in a teetered bed separator .Minerals Engineering, 2002,15(12): 1199-1202
Fernandes, Kiran J., Raja, Vinesh H..Incorporated tool selection system using object technology. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 2000,40 (11):1547-1555
赵静一,王益群.交流液压技术的工作原理及其应用和发展.液压与气动,1998,(3):11-13
Mishra, B. K., Adhikari B. Analysis of fluid motion during jigging. Minerals Engineering, 1999,12(12):1469-1477
王刚.采金船圆形跳汰机全液压传动系统实验.矿山机械,1992,(9):2-6
Lin, I. J., Krush-Bram, M., Rosen house, G.. The Beneficiation of Minerals by Magnetic Jigging. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 1997,50(3):143-159
赵静一,王益群.采金船圆形跳汰机脉冲式液压系统分析.东北重机学院学报, 1996,20(1):104-107
朱文华.液压振动技术.福州:福建科学技术出版社,1984:67-86
雷天觉.液压工程手册.北京:机械工业出版社,1990:1854-1858
庄凤龄.交流液压的原理与应用.机床与液压,1978(2):1-9;1978(5):27-32
赵晓冬,赵静一.模糊思维与广义设计——理论和建模及其应用.北京:机
械工业出版社,1998:27-89
雷步芳,李永堂,朱元乾,等.液压大系统“灰箱”建模方法.太原重型机械学院学报, 1997,18(3):201-205
李永堂.液压系统建模与仿真.北京:冶金工业出版社,2003:137-139;199-245
D.C.卡诺普，R.C.罗森堡.北京:机械工业出版社,1985:2-298
蔡廷文.液压系统现代建模方法.北京:中国标准出版社,2002:1-26
张亚辉.液压系统的键合图建模法.湘潭大学自然科学学报,2000,12(4):101~104
Gawthrop, Peter J. Sensitivity bond graphs. Journal of The Franklin Institute, 2000,(337): 907-922
李锋,黄先祥,马长林.承载下降液压系统动态特性仿真研究.机床与液压,2003(5):80-82
任锦堂.键合图理论及应用.上海:上海交通大学出版社,1992:12-95;159-188
Gawthrop, Peter J. Physical Model-based Control: A Bond Graph Approach. Journal of The Franklin Institute, 1995,32:285-305
J. Nikoukaran, V. Hlupic, Ray J. Paul. A Hierarchical Framework for Evaluating Simulation Software. Simulation Practice and Theory, 1999,(7):219-231
蒋守仁,蒋丹青.基于功率键图合数字仿真的比例变量泵调速系统动态特性分析.合肥工业大学学报,1993,16(3):29-38
陆元章.液压系统的建模与分析.上海:上海交通大学出版社,1989:23-278
周志鸿,闫建辉,陈泽.氮爆式液压活塞回程运动的计算.凿岩机械气动工具,2003, (1):10-14
周志鸿,闫建辉,刘连华.间隙泄漏量的分析计算.凿岩机械气动工具,2002,(4):14-17
齐任贤,刘世勋.液压振动设备动态理论与设计.长沙:中南工业大学出版社,1989:15-18;149-157
陈照弟,李洪人,王广怀,等.蓄能器对路系统压力冲击影响的分析研究.液压气动与密封,1999,74(2):2-5
P.德兰斯菲尔德.液压控制系统的设计与动态分析.北京:科学出版社,1987:21-101
Borutzky, W., Barnard, B., Thomas, J.U. Describing bond graph models of hydraulic components in Madelia. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation,2000,53(30):381-387
张尚才.工程系统的键图模拟和仿真.北京:机械工业出版社.1993:54-78
Borutzky, W. Bond graph modeling from an object oriented modeling point of view. Simulation Practice and Theory, 1999,7(15):439-461
郭世伟,任中全,刘永军.基于功率键合图的Matlab建模仿真在液压系统中的应用研究.煤矿机械,2001,2:11-16
邹湘伏.氮爆式液压破碎锤动态特性数字仿真及性能测试新方法研究.[中南大学硕士学位论文],2002:31-40
齐任贤,刘世勋.液压振动设备动态理论与设计.长沙:中南工业大学出版社, 1989:246-258
Cacho, R., Felez, J., Vera, C. Deriving simulation models from bond graphs with algebraic loops: The extension to multibond graph systems. Journal of The Franklin Institute, 2000,337:579-600
Reibiger. A., Loose. H. Bond graphs and matroids. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 2000,53(30):323-332
Delgado Marisol, Pichardo Cesar. Use of MATLAB and 20-sim to simulate a flash separator. Simulation Practice and Theory, 1999,7(15):515-530
王继红.蓄能器在工程起重机上的新应用.工程机械,2001,(9):34-36
封士彩.气囊式蓄能器气体多变指数理论值和实际值的确定.液压与气动,2002,(5):3-5
柴业森,张中发.皮囊式蓄能器在管路系统中的应用.管道技术与设备,2000,(4):14-16
郅瑶.蓄能器的压力调节与压力控制.新疆农机化,1995,(4):36-38
何存兴.液压元件.武汉:华中工学院,1982:568-621
徐学新,张伟.提高蓄能器有效工作容积的途径.液压气动与密封,2001,(4):36-37
Chicurel Ricardo. A compromise solution for energy recovery in vehicle braking. Energy, 1999,24(12):1029-1034
郑笑红.液压系统动态特性数字仿真.华北矿业高等专科学校学报,2000,2(4):21-25
欧阳黎明.MATLAB控制系统设计.北京:国防工业出版社,2001:45-48;69-88
闻新,周露,张鸿.MATLAB科学图形构建基础与应用(6.X).北京:科学出版社, 2002:263-326
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