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轧机工作辊振动在线监测方法与系统研究
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摘要
轧机振动问题是世界范围内的技术难题,有效地控制轧机振动对提高金属板带材质量有重要意义。研究表明,轧机振颤是一种以辊缝为中心的垂向自激振动现象,目前缺乏直接监测工作辊振动的有效方法与技术,只能通过监测工作辊轴承座的振动间接获得工作辊的振动信息,难以满足现场需求。本文以实现轧机工作辊垂直振动在线监测为主线,就振动监测方法、传感器、去噪抗干扰等问题进行了较为详细的研究。
     1.在分析轧机系统的固有特性和振动特性的基础上,通过计算实例,指出工作辊辊身的振动是轧机振动监测的关键,也是影响金属板带材表面质量的直接原因。分析了工作辊振动监测的技术要求,比较了各类振动传感器的特点,探讨了一种基于涡流传感器的直接监测工作辊振动的新方法。
     2.根据这种非接触式振动监测的技术特点,相应开发了具有自动移位功能的传感器位置控制系统,并对电涡流传感器的输入输出特性进行了改善,提高了灵敏度。在此基础上,开发了轧机工作辊振动在线监测系统,可实现轧机振动工况的在线监控。
     3.分析了监测系统在工业环境中的干扰源和耦合通道,采取了抑制干扰的若干措施。
     4.以四辊冷轧机作为对象建立了一套工作辊振动监测系统,进行了实验研究,验证了本文提出的垂振监测方法与系统的有效性。
The chatter of rolling mills is a prevalent technical problem in the world. It is very significant to effectively control the chatter and vibration in cold rolling processes for improving the quality of metal plate and strip. It has been proved that the chatter of rolling mills is the self-excitation vibration focusing on the roll gap. The vibration signal that detected from the bearings of working rollers could not meet the requirements of industrial spot because of lacking effective methods and technology for monitoring the vibration of the working rollers directly. To realize the on-line monitoring vertical vibration of working rollers in rolling mills, several questions have been studied in detail in this paper, as follows: vibration monitoring method, sensor system, noise reduction and anti-interference etc.
    1 .Based on the analysis of proper modes and vibration character of the rolling mills, the chatter of the working rollers is not only the key to the vibration monitoring but also the direct causes badly influencing the quality of the metal plate and strip, which has been proved by a calculation example. The technical requirements for monitoring vibration of working roller have been analyzed and the characters of vibration sensor are compared in this paper, and a new method based on whirlpool sensor for direct monitoring vibration of working roller is discussed.
    2. According the characters of the above-mentioned monitoring method, a control system for sensor's position with automatic shifting function is developed, and the sensitivity of the whirlpool sensor is promoted by improving its input and output characters. With the support of the method, we developed a vibration monitoring system for working rollers, which could realize on-line monitoring the working condition of vibration in rolling processes.
    3.The interference sources and their coupling channel of the monitoring system have been analyzed and several measures have been taken to restrain interference in industrial environment.
    4.Taken four-roller rolling mill as experiment object, a vibration monitoring system for working roller has been established. It has been proved by experiments that the method and system mentioned in this paper are more useful.
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