开关磁阻电机新型控制及其调速系统
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摘要
开关磁阻电机调速系统(Switched Reluctance Drive,简称SRD)是20世纪80年代迅猛发展起来的一种新型电机驱动系统，其以优良的调速性能日益受到人们的关注，显示了强大的市场竞争力。
本文基于省重点科研项目“开关磁阻电机新型控制及其调速系统”和深圳EMEROSN网络能源公司预研部项目，分析讨论了如何设计实现一套以3KW的四相(8／6极)SRM为控制对象以DSP为控制核心采用H桥式功率变换器和能耗制动方式的四象限运行SRD系统。
本文首先介绍了SRM的基本工作原理和特点以及SRD系统发展概况和研究方向，然后以SRD的功能构成为线索分部分进行介绍：(1)SRM的特性及控制策略分析，在电感分段线性化等简化条件下分析得出了各个转子位置角度区间的电磁、电流和转矩特性并分析了控制策略；(2)分析设计了H桥式功率变换器的设计和工程实现的方法，并设计了基于这种功率变换器的换相逻辑；(3)分析设计了以DSP为核心的控制器以及控制方法，并介绍了该控制器的软硬件实现；(4)介绍了如何用DELPHI编制实现上位机监控程序。最后，本文介绍了对该系统进行测试的方法以及测试得到的数据和系统所达到的性能指标。
The Switched Reluctance Drive system (SRD) has gain a great development as a novel kind of variable-speed drive systems after 1980s. And it attracts more and more attentions for its excellent performance and great potential commercial value.
This paper is completed based on two projects. One is titled "The novel control strategy and drive system for switched reluctance motor", which is supported by the Department of Science & Technology of Zhejiang province. The other is supported by EMERSON Network Power co., Ltd as an advanced research project. And this paper mainly introduces how to design and realize a four-quadrant running SRD system to control a 3KW SRM (8/6 poles) based on a DSP(tms320f240), which uses H-bridge power convertor and power-consumption braking method.
The basic working principles and characteristics of SRM will be described firstly in this paper, as well as its developing survey and researching directions. And then the SRD system will be separated into several function parts to be introduced respectively in details: (1) To analyze the basic characteristics of the SRM including electromagnetism, current and torque of every angle field of the rotor based on the subsection-linearized inductance characteristics of stator windings and several idealized supposes. (2) How to design and realize the H-bridge converter, and the method to use it; (3) How to design and realize the controller based on DSP(tms320f240) and the control strategies, as well as the program; (4) To introduce the monitor program running in a PC, which is programmed by DELPHI. And at last, the paper will also introduce the method to test the SRD system and the results.
本文基于省重点科研项目“开关磁阻电机新型控制及其调速系统”和深圳EMEROSN网络能源公司预研部项目，分析讨论了如何设计实现一套以3KW的四相(8／6极)SRM为控制对象以DSP为控制核心采用H桥式功率变换器和能耗制动方式的四象限运行SRD系统。
本文首先介绍了SRM的基本工作原理和特点以及SRD系统发展概况和研究方向，然后以SRD的功能构成为线索分部分进行介绍：(1)SRM的特性及控制策略分析，在电感分段线性化等简化条件下分析得出了各个转子位置角度区间的电磁、电流和转矩特性并分析了控制策略；(2)分析设计了H桥式功率变换器的设计和工程实现的方法，并设计了基于这种功率变换器的换相逻辑；(3)分析设计了以DSP为核心的控制器以及控制方法，并介绍了该控制器的软硬件实现；(4)介绍了如何用DELPHI编制实现上位机监控程序。最后，本文介绍了对该系统进行测试的方法以及测试得到的数据和系统所达到的性能指标。
The Switched Reluctance Drive system (SRD) has gain a great development as a novel kind of variable-speed drive systems after 1980s. And it attracts more and more attentions for its excellent performance and great potential commercial value.
This paper is completed based on two projects. One is titled "The novel control strategy and drive system for switched reluctance motor", which is supported by the Department of Science & Technology of Zhejiang province. The other is supported by EMERSON Network Power co., Ltd as an advanced research project. And this paper mainly introduces how to design and realize a four-quadrant running SRD system to control a 3KW SRM (8/6 poles) based on a DSP(tms320f240), which uses H-bridge power convertor and power-consumption braking method.
The basic working principles and characteristics of SRM will be described firstly in this paper, as well as its developing survey and researching directions. And then the SRD system will be separated into several function parts to be introduced respectively in details: (1) To analyze the basic characteristics of the SRM including electromagnetism, current and torque of every angle field of the rotor based on the subsection-linearized inductance characteristics of stator windings and several idealized supposes. (2) How to design and realize the H-bridge converter, and the method to use it; (3) How to design and realize the controller based on DSP(tms320f240) and the control strategies, as well as the program; (4) To introduce the monitor program running in a PC, which is programmed by DELPHI. And at last, the paper will also introduce the method to test the SRD system and the results.
引文
[1] Lawreson P. J., Stephenson J. M., et al, "Variable speed switched reluctance motors", Proceedings of IEE, Vol.127, No.4, pp,253-256, 1980.
[2] 吴建华著，开关磁阻电机设计与应用，机械工业出版社，2000。
[3] 王宏华编著，开关型磁阻电动机调速控制系统，机械工业出版社，1995．
[4] Krishnan, R., Staley, A.M., Sitapati,K., "A novel single-phase switched reluctance motor drive system", IECON'01., Vol.2, pp. 1488～1493, 2001.
[5] Keshpande U.S., et al, "High-force density linear switched reluctance machines", IEEE Trans on IA, Vol.31, pp. 315～352, 1995.
[6] J.Corda, "Linear analysis of torque of switched reluctance motor", Proceedings of ICEM, PP.281～284,1984.
[7] Krishnan, R.; Arumugan, R.; Lindsay, J. F. "Design procedure for switched-reluctance motors", IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol.24, pp.456～461, May～June 1998.
[8] Miller T.J.E., "Converter volt-ampere requirements of switched reluctance motor drives", IEEE Trans on Industry Applications, Vol.21, pp.1136～1144, 1985.
[9] Torrey D. A., Niu X.M., Unkauf E. J., "Analytical modeling of variable-reluctance machine magnetization characteristics", IEEE Proceedings of Electric Power Applications, Vol.126, pp.393-396, 1979.
[10] 郑洪涛，菜际令，蒋静坪，基于变结构模糊神经网络的开关磁阻电动机非线性模型，电工技术学报，No．6，pp．1～5，2001．
[11] Luis O.A.P. Henriques, et al, "Torque ripple minimization in a switched reluctance drive by neuro-fuzzy compensation", IEEE Transaction on magnetics, Vol.36, No.5, Sept. 2000.
[12] Iqbal Husain, et al, "Torque ripple minimization in switched reluctance motor drives by pwm current control", IEEE Transactions on power electronics, VOL. 11, No. 1, January 1996.
[12] 李存斌、汪兵著，“Delphi深度编程及其项目应用开发”，第9章，第4节，p265．
[13] MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC, "Using Intelligent power modules", Sept. 1998.
[14] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS, "Implementation of a current controlled switched reluctance motor drive using tms320f204", Digital Signal Processing Solutions, Sept. 1998.
[15] Michael T. DiRenzo (DSPS R&D Center, TEXAS INSTRUMENTS), "Switched Reluctance Motor Control, Digital Signal Processing Solutions", Digital Signal Processing Solutions, February 2000.
[16] Michael T. DiRenzo (DSPS R&D Center, TEXAS INSTRUMENTS), "Developing an SRM drive system using the tms320f240", Digital Signal Processing Solutions, March 1998.
[17] P&S武汉力源电子股份有限公司，“TMS320C24X DSP控制器参考手册”，1998．9．
[18] P&S武汉力源电子股份有限公司，“TMS320F24X高速数字信号处理器原理与应用”，1998．9．
[19] 郑洪涛，“开关磁阻电动机驱动系统建模及共控制策略研究”，浙江大学博士学位论文，2003．5．
[20] 陈新，“基于DSP的开关磁阻电动机控制系统研究”，浙江大学硕士学位论文，2003．1．
[21] 蒋静坪，“开关磁阻电机新型控制及其传动系统技术鉴定资料汇编”，浙江省科技计划重点项目技术鉴定资料，2003．7．
[2] 吴建华著，开关磁阻电机设计与应用，机械工业出版社，2000。
[3] 王宏华编著，开关型磁阻电动机调速控制系统，机械工业出版社，1995．
[4] Krishnan, R., Staley, A.M., Sitapati,K., "A novel single-phase switched reluctance motor drive system", IECON'01., Vol.2, pp. 1488～1493, 2001.
[5] Keshpande U.S., et al, "High-force density linear switched reluctance machines", IEEE Trans on IA, Vol.31, pp. 315～352, 1995.
[6] J.Corda, "Linear analysis of torque of switched reluctance motor", Proceedings of ICEM, PP.281～284,1984.
[7] Krishnan, R.; Arumugan, R.; Lindsay, J. F. "Design procedure for switched-reluctance motors", IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol.24, pp.456～461, May～June 1998.
[8] Miller T.J.E., "Converter volt-ampere requirements of switched reluctance motor drives", IEEE Trans on Industry Applications, Vol.21, pp.1136～1144, 1985.
[9] Torrey D. A., Niu X.M., Unkauf E. J., "Analytical modeling of variable-reluctance machine magnetization characteristics", IEEE Proceedings of Electric Power Applications, Vol.126, pp.393-396, 1979.
[10] 郑洪涛，菜际令，蒋静坪，基于变结构模糊神经网络的开关磁阻电动机非线性模型，电工技术学报，No．6，pp．1～5，2001．
[11] Luis O.A.P. Henriques, et al, "Torque ripple minimization in a switched reluctance drive by neuro-fuzzy compensation", IEEE Transaction on magnetics, Vol.36, No.5, Sept. 2000.
[12] Iqbal Husain, et al, "Torque ripple minimization in switched reluctance motor drives by pwm current control", IEEE Transactions on power electronics, VOL. 11, No. 1, January 1996.
[12] 李存斌、汪兵著，“Delphi深度编程及其项目应用开发”，第9章，第4节，p265．
[13] MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC, "Using Intelligent power modules", Sept. 1998.
[14] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS, "Implementation of a current controlled switched reluctance motor drive using tms320f204", Digital Signal Processing Solutions, Sept. 1998.
[15] Michael T. DiRenzo (DSPS R&D Center, TEXAS INSTRUMENTS), "Switched Reluctance Motor Control, Digital Signal Processing Solutions", Digital Signal Processing Solutions, February 2000.
[16] Michael T. DiRenzo (DSPS R&D Center, TEXAS INSTRUMENTS), "Developing an SRM drive system using the tms320f240", Digital Signal Processing Solutions, March 1998.
[17] P&S武汉力源电子股份有限公司，“TMS320C24X DSP控制器参考手册”，1998．9．
[18] P&S武汉力源电子股份有限公司，“TMS320F24X高速数字信号处理器原理与应用”，1998．9．
[19] 郑洪涛，“开关磁阻电动机驱动系统建模及共控制策略研究”，浙江大学博士学位论文，2003．5．
[20] 陈新，“基于DSP的开关磁阻电动机控制系统研究”，浙江大学硕士学位论文，2003．1．
[21] 蒋静坪，“开关磁阻电机新型控制及其传动系统技术鉴定资料汇编”，浙江省科技计划重点项目技术鉴定资料，2003．7．
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