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非α-生育酚转型反应的研究
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摘要
本文主要分为两个部分。首先是对高压釜转型反应的工艺条件进行了优化。研究了在固定床反应器中采用羟甲基还原法将非-α-生育酚转型为α-生育酚的工艺过程。
     采用苯磺酸作为羟甲基反应催化剂、钯碳作为加氢反应催化剂在高压釜中进行转型反应,将混合生育酚原料中的非-α-生育酚通过反应转化为α-生育酚。实验在初步研究了反应时间、温度、苯磺酸浓度、钯炭量与生育酚量比例等因素对转型反应的影响后,根据实验结果对工艺条件进行了优化。实验结果表明,在实验温度范围内(140℃-220℃),α-生育酚含量、生育酚摩尔收率和非α-生育酚的选择性随着温度的升高先增加后减小,最优反应温度是180℃左右;在实验范围内,三个参数随反应时间的变化和温度的变化趋势相同。适宜的反应时间是5h;苯磺酸浓度和钯炭的用量是转型反应的重要影响因素,实验结果表明,适宜的苯磺酸浓度是1.0g/200ml甲醇,钯炭用量是2.8g/25gVE。工艺条件优化后,经过高压釜转型,生育酚摩尔收率可达到90%,转化率几乎100%。
     在前人实验工作的基础上,初步设计了固定床反应器,采用苯磺酸作为羟甲基反应催化剂、钯碳作为加氢反应催化剂进行转型反应。实验初步研究了原料液中VE浓度、温度、苯磺酸浓度等因素对转型反应的影响。实验结果表明,在实验温度范围内(140℃-200℃),反应的转化率随着温度的升高先变大后变小,最优反应温度是180℃左右;在实验范围内,VE浓度降低有助于转型反应;苯磺酸浓度是转型反应的重要影响因素,在实验范围内,最优的苯磺酸浓度是4.0g/400ml甲醇。
Since α-tocopherol has special biological activities, it is important to convert non-α-tocopherols to a-tocopherol. Experiments were divided into two parts, one was primary research on the autoclave and the other was primary research on the fixed bed.
    Non-a-tocopherols are hydroxymethylated and hydrogenated to produce a-tocopherol in one pot process by simultaneously reacting with paraformaldehyde and hydrogen in the presence of the catalysts of benzenesulfonic acid and 5% Pd/C in an autoclave. Effects of various conditions have been studied. The preferable reaction conditions are: temperature 180℃ 'to 200℃, pressure 5 MPa, acid concentration 0.5 g/100 ml ethanol, weight ratio of Pd/C to tocopherols 7.1 g/100 g, and reaction time 5 h. A product with the a-tocopherol content of 80% has been obtained by using a raw material with a total tocopherols content of 80.54%. The conversion of non-α-tocopherols is almost 100%, and the mole yield of α-tocopherol is more than 90%.
    During the primary research on the fixed bed, three influencing factors were considered: temperature, the concentration of tocopherols and the concentration of benzenesulfonic acid. The results showed that the preferable reaction conditions are: temperature 180℃, the concentration of tocopherols 15g/400ml methol, the concentration of benzensulfonic acid 4.0g/400ml methol.
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