以信息化促进中小型医药经营企业的现代化管理——对蓉风医药公司管理信息系统的开发与思考
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摘要
医药对人类生活的巨大影响使得其行业的高增长和高收益特性非常突出。随着经营规模扩大以及ＧＳＰ(Good Supply Practice，即药品经营质量管理规范）达标认证的要求，众多的中小型医药经营企业迫切需要在经营管理中引入信息技术。而目前国内外的众多管理软件不菲的价格以及纷繁复杂的功能使这些中小企业望而却步。
本文从国内企业信息化现状及原因分析入手，阐述了中小型医药经营企业在进行信息化建设的过程中应遵循的原则、步骤和方法。结合这些原则、步骤和方法，笔者亲自主持并参与了蓉风医药公司信息化建设过程的设计、开发和实施，并对实施效果进行了评价和思考。本文研究的目的是希望通过蓉风医药公司信息化建设的思考，对我国中小型医药经营企业在资金有限的情况下，合理地进行适合本企业特点、低成本、高效率的信息化建设，以适应企业实际发展的需要，促进企业现代化管理水平的提高提出自己的一些想法。
本文共分为五章，主要从以下几个方面进行了阐述：
第一章。企业信息化包括数据的信息化、流程的信息化和决策的信息化三个层面的内容，其根本目的是提高生产效率和促进管理变革。企业信息化的关键就是如何选择适合企业自身特点的管理信息系统。本章还对管理信息系统的发展历史进行了介绍。
第二章。随着企业规模的不断扩大以及ＧＳＰ达标认证的要求，中小型医药经营企业的信息化建设已经迫在眉睫。他们在信息化过程中应遵循效益优先、低成本、渐进性和可持续发展的原则。同时还应明确自己所处的信息化阶段，按一定的步骤进行信息化建设。对于处于信息化初级阶段的中小型医药经营企业而言，不能盲目跃进，首先要明确信息化的目标，调整组织结构并规范业务流程，选择合适的管理信息系统，搞好基础管理的信息化，为下一步信息化工作打下基础。
第三章。对笔者主持并参与的信息化建设的蓉风医药公司进行了现状分析，指出利用信息化的手段能帮助公司解决目前存在的问题。
第四章。按照前面介绍的原则、方法和步骤对蓉风医药公司进行信息化建设的构思，首先要明确信息化的目标，明确公司需要解决的实际问题。然后，在此目标的指引下，进行相应的组织结构调整、业务流程规范、规章制度确立，同时进行管理信息系统的分析设计。最后是搭建相应的软硬件平台，实施完成整个系统。
第五章。根据信息化的三层涵义对蓉风公司的信息系统进行了分析，评价了系统实施的效果以及对公司管理水平的影响，并指出了本系统需要进一步完善的地方。结合本系统，对目前关于信息化建设存在争议的几个观点进行了思考。
通过蓉风公司信息化的实例，本文说明了只要企业对信息化有正确的认识，能够明确企业信息化需要解决的问题和要达到的目标，按照一定的原则和步骤，中小型医药经营企业完全可以以较少的投入，循序渐进地进行自己的信息化建设，以满足企业的实际需求，从而提高企业的管理水平。
The fast increasing and high incoming of medicine industry is very prominent due to its great influence on human life. Due to the enlarging of scales and demanding of GSP (good supply pratics), many medium and small sized enterprises for medicine distribution urge to use information technology in their managements. But many of them don't know how to do with it due to the high price and complex functions of current management information system software.
This paper beginning with the actuality and analysis of informationalization of domestic enterprise, explain the principles, steps and methods for medium and samll sized enterprises of medicine distribution to construt information system. According to these principles, steps and methods, writer preside the informationalization constructing of Rongfeng medicine company, then evaluates and thinks the effects of the system and points out what need to be improved. The object of this paper is to point out some ideas for medium and samll sized domestic enterprises of medicine distribution to construct low cost information systems that is suitable to them to enhance the management levels.
This paper includes five chapters.
Chapter one. The contents of enterprise informationalization include three parties: data informationalization, flow informationalization and decision informationalizaiton and the primary aim is to enhance the productive efficiency and promote the reform of management. The key of enterprise informationalization is to choose the best
suitable of management imformation system. This chapter also introduces the history of management information systems.
Chapter two. Due to the lack of right understanding for enterprise informationalization, the degree of domestic enterprise informationalization is very low, especially for the medium and small sized medicine distribution enterprises. But by the enlarging of scales and demanding of GSP, they have to construt information system immediately. They must obey the benefit first principle, low cost principle, in proper orders priciple and sustainability priciple during the informationalizaiton. At the same time, they have to know their informationalization phase and construct their information system step by step. The medium and small sized medicine distribution enterprises that are in the first phases must know the aims of informationalization firstly. According to the aims, organization structure should be adjusted and the working flow should be standardized. And then choosing or developing the management information system should be considered according to some rules.
Chapter three. Analyse the actuality of Rongfeng Company whose information system constructing is presided by writer and point out that informationalization can help the company to resolve its problems.
Chapter four. According to the principle, steps and methods, we construct the information system of Rongfeng Company. Firstly, we confirm the aims of informationalization and problems needed to be resolved. Then we adjust the organization structure, specify the working flow and design the management information system. Last, we construct the software and hardware platform and implement entire system.
Chapter five. I analyses the information system of Rongfeng Company according to the definition of MIS. I evaluate the implement effect of system and influence on management level. And point out what nedd to be improved in the system. Last, I think about some viewpoints about informationalization constructing.
The informationalization example of Rongfen Company indicates that medium and small sized enterprises can successfully construct information system step by step in low cost to meet their actual needs and enhance their management level as long as they can really understand the concept of informationalization coorectly and make sure the aims achieved and problems need to be resovled by enterprise informationalization.
本文从国内企业信息化现状及原因分析入手，阐述了中小型医药经营企业在进行信息化建设的过程中应遵循的原则、步骤和方法。结合这些原则、步骤和方法，笔者亲自主持并参与了蓉风医药公司信息化建设过程的设计、开发和实施，并对实施效果进行了评价和思考。本文研究的目的是希望通过蓉风医药公司信息化建设的思考，对我国中小型医药经营企业在资金有限的情况下，合理地进行适合本企业特点、低成本、高效率的信息化建设，以适应企业实际发展的需要，促进企业现代化管理水平的提高提出自己的一些想法。
本文共分为五章，主要从以下几个方面进行了阐述：
第一章。企业信息化包括数据的信息化、流程的信息化和决策的信息化三个层面的内容，其根本目的是提高生产效率和促进管理变革。企业信息化的关键就是如何选择适合企业自身特点的管理信息系统。本章还对管理信息系统的发展历史进行了介绍。
第二章。随着企业规模的不断扩大以及ＧＳＰ达标认证的要求，中小型医药经营企业的信息化建设已经迫在眉睫。他们在信息化过程中应遵循效益优先、低成本、渐进性和可持续发展的原则。同时还应明确自己所处的信息化阶段，按一定的步骤进行信息化建设。对于处于信息化初级阶段的中小型医药经营企业而言，不能盲目跃进，首先要明确信息化的目标，调整组织结构并规范业务流程，选择合适的管理信息系统，搞好基础管理的信息化，为下一步信息化工作打下基础。
第三章。对笔者主持并参与的信息化建设的蓉风医药公司进行了现状分析，指出利用信息化的手段能帮助公司解决目前存在的问题。
第四章。按照前面介绍的原则、方法和步骤对蓉风医药公司进行信息化建设的构思，首先要明确信息化的目标，明确公司需要解决的实际问题。然后，在此目标的指引下，进行相应的组织结构调整、业务流程规范、规章制度确立，同时进行管理信息系统的分析设计。最后是搭建相应的软硬件平台，实施完成整个系统。
第五章。根据信息化的三层涵义对蓉风公司的信息系统进行了分析，评价了系统实施的效果以及对公司管理水平的影响，并指出了本系统需要进一步完善的地方。结合本系统，对目前关于信息化建设存在争议的几个观点进行了思考。
通过蓉风公司信息化的实例，本文说明了只要企业对信息化有正确的认识，能够明确企业信息化需要解决的问题和要达到的目标，按照一定的原则和步骤，中小型医药经营企业完全可以以较少的投入，循序渐进地进行自己的信息化建设，以满足企业的实际需求，从而提高企业的管理水平。
The fast increasing and high incoming of medicine industry is very prominent due to its great influence on human life. Due to the enlarging of scales and demanding of GSP (good supply pratics), many medium and small sized enterprises for medicine distribution urge to use information technology in their managements. But many of them don't know how to do with it due to the high price and complex functions of current management information system software.
This paper beginning with the actuality and analysis of informationalization of domestic enterprise, explain the principles, steps and methods for medium and samll sized enterprises of medicine distribution to construt information system. According to these principles, steps and methods, writer preside the informationalization constructing of Rongfeng medicine company, then evaluates and thinks the effects of the system and points out what need to be improved. The object of this paper is to point out some ideas for medium and samll sized domestic enterprises of medicine distribution to construct low cost information systems that is suitable to them to enhance the management levels.
This paper includes five chapters.
Chapter one. The contents of enterprise informationalization include three parties: data informationalization, flow informationalization and decision informationalizaiton and the primary aim is to enhance the productive efficiency and promote the reform of management. The key of enterprise informationalization is to choose the best
suitable of management imformation system. This chapter also introduces the history of management information systems.
Chapter two. Due to the lack of right understanding for enterprise informationalization, the degree of domestic enterprise informationalization is very low, especially for the medium and small sized medicine distribution enterprises. But by the enlarging of scales and demanding of GSP, they have to construt information system immediately. They must obey the benefit first principle, low cost principle, in proper orders priciple and sustainability priciple during the informationalizaiton. At the same time, they have to know their informationalization phase and construct their information system step by step. The medium and small sized medicine distribution enterprises that are in the first phases must know the aims of informationalization firstly. According to the aims, organization structure should be adjusted and the working flow should be standardized. And then choosing or developing the management information system should be considered according to some rules.
Chapter three. Analyse the actuality of Rongfeng Company whose information system constructing is presided by writer and point out that informationalization can help the company to resolve its problems.
Chapter four. According to the principle, steps and methods, we construct the information system of Rongfeng Company. Firstly, we confirm the aims of informationalization and problems needed to be resolved. Then we adjust the organization structure, specify the working flow and design the management information system. Last, we construct the software and hardware platform and implement entire system.
Chapter five. I analyses the information system of Rongfeng Company according to the definition of MIS. I evaluate the implement effect of system and influence on management level. And point out what nedd to be improved in the system. Last, I think about some viewpoints about informationalization constructing.
The informationalization example of Rongfen Company indicates that medium and small sized enterprises can successfully construct information system step by step in low cost to meet their actual needs and enhance their management level as long as they can really understand the concept of informationalization coorectly and make sure the aims achieved and problems need to be resovled by enterprise informationalization.
引文
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16. 斯蒂芬.哈格，梅芙.卡明斯等．《信息时代的管理信息系统》．2000.9
17. 严建援．《管理信息系统》．1999.8
18. 谭静．中小企业信息化建设的问题与对策．国外建材科技2002 23 1
19. 侯明亮．管理软件在企业价值链中的地位和作用探析．价值工程2003 2
20. 陈彦．谈谈ERP实施过程中的瓶颈．广东科技2003 05
21. 石福成，张青．实施企业资源信息化提高企业管理水平．机械管理开发2003 3
22. 李翔．企业信息化建设--业务流程重组与信息技术应用的双向驱动过程．计算机系统应用2003 5
23. 付维宁．我国企业信息化进程中的问题与对策．中国信息导报2003 6
24. 孙丽．关于中小型企业信息化发展的思考．黑河科技2002 1
25. 中国企业信息化须跨越三个阶段．中国科技产业2001 07
26. 王英，郭冬梅．关于医药产业中中、小企业发展的思考．中国药房2001 12 04
27. 李思成，温德良，冯燕丽．我国医药行业现状与发展趋势．中国药房2003 14 3
2. http://www.micy.org/_private/yao-shi-fa-gui/gsp-xz.htm
3. http://www.hlema.org/xxh/ERPyuanli/y08.htm
4. http://www.999.com.cn/Professional/Drug/News/200209/14274020020901.htm
5. http://www.topoint.com.cn/zlzx/readinfo.asp?infoid=772
6. http://www.sda.gov.cn/webportal/portal.po
7. http://www.syhao.com/book/001.htm
8. http://cn.news.yahoo.com/030317/72/1idc7.html
9. http://www.seegate.com/count/b_11.htm
10. http://www.sc.chinanews.com.cn/2002-12-26/1/24605.html
11. http://www.sovey.com/webrefer/yiyao.htm
12. http://www.people.com.cn/GB/it/51/20020829/811153.html
13. http://www.chinamedicom.com/public/news/gsp.jsp
14. http://211.100.18.189/ewkArticles/Category13/Article5054.htm
15. http://www.emkt.com.cn/article/33/3383.html
16. 斯蒂芬.哈格，梅芙.卡明斯等．《信息时代的管理信息系统》．2000.9
17. 严建援．《管理信息系统》．1999.8
18. 谭静．中小企业信息化建设的问题与对策．国外建材科技2002 23 1
19. 侯明亮．管理软件在企业价值链中的地位和作用探析．价值工程2003 2
20. 陈彦．谈谈ERP实施过程中的瓶颈．广东科技2003 05
21. 石福成，张青．实施企业资源信息化提高企业管理水平．机械管理开发2003 3
22. 李翔．企业信息化建设--业务流程重组与信息技术应用的双向驱动过程．计算机系统应用2003 5
23. 付维宁．我国企业信息化进程中的问题与对策．中国信息导报2003 6
24. 孙丽．关于中小型企业信息化发展的思考．黑河科技2002 1
25. 中国企业信息化须跨越三个阶段．中国科技产业2001 07
26. 王英，郭冬梅．关于医药产业中中、小企业发展的思考．中国药房2001 12 04
27. 李思成，温德良，冯燕丽．我国医药行业现状与发展趋势．中国药房2003 14 3
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