基于Oracle的空间数据库接口技术研究
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摘要
本课题针对符合OpenGIS规范的空间数据库接口进行研究，空间数据库是地理信息系统数据组织的核心技术，而空间数据库接口则要解决数据库管理者或应用程序与空间数据库的交互问题。本文基于对空间数据库、OpenGIS规范和Oracle调用接口的介绍；设计了一个基于Oracle的空间数据库接口；并针对所选定的空间数据库Oracle Spatial，在其提供的调用接口OCI之上实现了一个C语言封装的符合OpenGIS规范的空间数据库接口；最后从OCI编程以及如何利用空间索引和缓存技术的角度，探讨了提高空间数据库访问效率的方法。论文详细给出了一个基于OCI的空间数据库接口的设计与实现以及一个演示系统。这个演示系统的实现为开发GIS实用系统的空间数据库接口提供了基础和一种可能的技术解决方案。
This task is to investigate relevant issues of Spatial database interface. The Technology of Spatial Database is the core technology of GIS, while Hie interface of GIS and Spatial database is to solve the interaction problem of application program and spatial database. This paper introduces the concept of spatial database, the specification of OpenGIS, the Oracle Call Interface; design a spatial database interface based on Oracle; then we introduce a design and realization of spatial database interface, which is aiming at Oracle Spatial, basing on OCI and C-language, conforming to the specification of OpenGIS . At last a display system is implemented and such contributes to the development of GIS application systems.
This task is to investigate relevant issues of Spatial database interface. The Technology of Spatial Database is the core technology of GIS, while Hie interface of GIS and Spatial database is to solve the interaction problem of application program and spatial database. This paper introduces the concept of spatial database, the specification of OpenGIS, the Oracle Call Interface; design a spatial database interface based on Oracle; then we introduce a design and realization of spatial database interface, which is aiming at Oracle Spatial, basing on OCI and C-language, conforming to the specification of OpenGIS . At last a display system is implemented and such contributes to the development of GIS application systems.
引文
[1] Al Gore, The Digital Earth:Understanding our planet in the 21th Century, 1998,1, 31
[2] http://www. mapinfo. com/
[3] http://www. esri. com/
[4] http://www. intergraph. com/
[5] Thierry Larue, Dominique Pastre, Yann Viemont, Strong Integration of Spatial Domains and Operators in a Relational Database System, Advances in Spatial Databases:4th international symposium; proceedings/SSD'95
[6] Van Oosterom P. and Vijlbrief T. Building a GIS on Top of the Open DBMS Postgres. In Proceedings of EGIS'91, 775-787, Brussels, Belgium, April 1991
[7] Vijlbrief, T. & Van Oosterom, P. The GEO++ System: An Extensible GIS. Paper
[8] Stonebraker M. and kemnitz G. The POSTGRES next-generation database management system. Communications of the ACM, 1991, 34(10) : 78-92
[9] Stonebraker, M., et. al. The Design and Implementation of INGRES. ACM-TODS, September 1976
[10] Yaser Bisher. Overcoming the Semantic and Other barriers to GIS Interoperability. INT.J.GIS, 1998,12(4) : 299-314
[11] GISS TDE. Data Exchange between Geoinformation System: A Challenge for the Future (in Germany). GIS 1995, Wiesbaden
[12] Andrey Vckovski. Special Issue: Interoperability in GIS. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 1998,12(4)
[13] Cliff Kottman. Geodata Interoperability: What does It Mean for Business Geography? http://www.QpenGIS.org/
[14] Open GIS Consortium. The OpenGIS Abstract Specification. OpenGIS Project Documents 99-100 through 99-116,1999
[15] Open GIS Consortium. OpenGIS Simple Features Specification For OLE/COM. May 18,1999, Revision 1． 1
[16] Open GIS Consortium. OpenGIS Simple Features Specification For CORBA. March 18,1998, Revision 1． 0
[17] Open GIS Consortium. OpenGIS Simple Features Specification For SQL. May 5,1999, Revision 1． 1
[18]Open GIS Consortium. OpenGIS Web Map Server Interface Implementation Specification. April 19, 2000, Revision 1.0.0
[19]Open GIS Consortium. Coordinate Transformation Services. January 12, 2001, Revision 1.00
[20]Open GIS Consortium. Grid Coverage. January 12, 2001, Revision 1.00
[21]Open GIS Consortium. OpenGIS Web Map Server Interface Implementation Specification. April 19, 2000
[22]Open GIS Consortium. Geography Markup Language (GML). February 20, 2001
[23]朱铁稳，陈宏盛，景宁．开放地理数据互操作规范综述．计算机科学，2001，28(7)：12～15
[24]骆成凤，吴国平，余倩．地理信息共享与GIS互操作的实现初探．计算机应用研究，2001(8)：20～22
[25]李琦，陈爱军．GeoML~(TM)——地理空间信息共享和互操作模式研究．测绘科学，25(2)：15～20
[26]郑晖，从RDBMS到OODB，新华社技术局
[27]Thierry Larue、Dominique Pastre、Yann Viemont, Strong Integration of Spatial Domains and Operators in a Relational Database System, Advances in Spatial Databases:4th international symposium; proceedings/SSD'95
[28]A. Guttman, R-tree: A Dynamic Index Structure for Spatial Searching. ACM SIGMOD. 13: 47-57. 1984.
[29]J.T. Robinson, The K-D-B-tree: A search structure fir large multidimensional dynamic indexes, in Proc. ACM SIGMOD Conf. Management Data, 1981.
[30]Gueting R H. Invited Contribution to a Special Issue On Spatial Database Systems. VLDB Journal 3,1994:357～399
[31]陈晟，景宁，孙茂印，赵万里 X-2000空间数据库系统的设计和实现 国防科技大学学报 Vol．20，1998
[32]郑晖，从RDBMS到OODB，新华社技术局
[33]RalfHartmut Guting Introduction To Spatial Database. VLDB Journal 3,1994
[34]Max J. Egenhofer Spatial SQL: A Query and Presentation Language. IEEE TRANSACTION ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING, VOL.6,1994
[35]Peter Gulutzan，Trudy Pelzer著 齐舒工作室译 SQL3参考大全 机械工业出版社，2000．1
[36]http://www.opengis.org
[37]http://otn.oracle.com
[38] An Introduction to Spatial Database System, VLDB Journal(Vol.3,No.4,October 1994) Praktische Informatik IV, FernUniversitat Hagen
[39] Codd E. F. A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Databanks. Comm. of ACM 1970, 13(6): 377～387
[40] Database for GIS Claudia Bauer Medeiros, Fatima Pires
[41] GIS专辑 《中国图形图象学报》2001年9月
[42] A Quick Introduction to C++, Tom Anderson, based on an earlier version written by Wayne Christopher
[43] C++ Programming HOW-TO, A1 Dev (Alavoor Vasudevan), alavoor@yahoo.com, v16.0,03 Aug 2000
[44] 《Visual C++6．0技术内幕》北京希望电子出版社，1996年6月
[45] 《Visual Basic6．0 从入门到精通》 Evangelos Petroutsos，电子工业出版社，1999年1月第一版
[46] 《地理信息系统基础》 龚健雅著，科学出版社，2001年
[2] http://www. mapinfo. com/
[3] http://www. esri. com/
[4] http://www. intergraph. com/
[5] Thierry Larue, Dominique Pastre, Yann Viemont, Strong Integration of Spatial Domains and Operators in a Relational Database System, Advances in Spatial Databases:4th international symposium; proceedings/SSD'95
[6] Van Oosterom P. and Vijlbrief T. Building a GIS on Top of the Open DBMS Postgres. In Proceedings of EGIS'91, 775-787, Brussels, Belgium, April 1991
[7] Vijlbrief, T. & Van Oosterom, P. The GEO++ System: An Extensible GIS. Paper
[8] Stonebraker M. and kemnitz G. The POSTGRES next-generation database management system. Communications of the ACM, 1991, 34(10) : 78-92
[9] Stonebraker, M., et. al. The Design and Implementation of INGRES. ACM-TODS, September 1976
[10] Yaser Bisher. Overcoming the Semantic and Other barriers to GIS Interoperability. INT.J.GIS, 1998,12(4) : 299-314
[11] GISS TDE. Data Exchange between Geoinformation System: A Challenge for the Future (in Germany). GIS 1995, Wiesbaden
[12] Andrey Vckovski. Special Issue: Interoperability in GIS. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 1998,12(4)
[13] Cliff Kottman. Geodata Interoperability: What does It Mean for Business Geography? http://www.QpenGIS.org/
[14] Open GIS Consortium. The OpenGIS Abstract Specification. OpenGIS Project Documents 99-100 through 99-116,1999
[15] Open GIS Consortium. OpenGIS Simple Features Specification For OLE/COM. May 18,1999, Revision 1． 1
[16] Open GIS Consortium. OpenGIS Simple Features Specification For CORBA. March 18,1998, Revision 1． 0
[17] Open GIS Consortium. OpenGIS Simple Features Specification For SQL. May 5,1999, Revision 1． 1
[18]Open GIS Consortium. OpenGIS Web Map Server Interface Implementation Specification. April 19, 2000, Revision 1.0.0
[19]Open GIS Consortium. Coordinate Transformation Services. January 12, 2001, Revision 1.00
[20]Open GIS Consortium. Grid Coverage. January 12, 2001, Revision 1.00
[21]Open GIS Consortium. OpenGIS Web Map Server Interface Implementation Specification. April 19, 2000
[22]Open GIS Consortium. Geography Markup Language (GML). February 20, 2001
[23]朱铁稳，陈宏盛，景宁．开放地理数据互操作规范综述．计算机科学，2001，28(7)：12～15
[24]骆成凤，吴国平，余倩．地理信息共享与GIS互操作的实现初探．计算机应用研究，2001(8)：20～22
[25]李琦，陈爱军．GeoML~(TM)——地理空间信息共享和互操作模式研究．测绘科学，25(2)：15～20
[26]郑晖，从RDBMS到OODB，新华社技术局
[27]Thierry Larue、Dominique Pastre、Yann Viemont, Strong Integration of Spatial Domains and Operators in a Relational Database System, Advances in Spatial Databases:4th international symposium; proceedings/SSD'95
[28]A. Guttman, R-tree: A Dynamic Index Structure for Spatial Searching. ACM SIGMOD. 13: 47-57. 1984.
[29]J.T. Robinson, The K-D-B-tree: A search structure fir large multidimensional dynamic indexes, in Proc. ACM SIGMOD Conf. Management Data, 1981.
[30]Gueting R H. Invited Contribution to a Special Issue On Spatial Database Systems. VLDB Journal 3,1994:357～399
[31]陈晟，景宁，孙茂印，赵万里 X-2000空间数据库系统的设计和实现 国防科技大学学报 Vol．20，1998
[32]郑晖，从RDBMS到OODB，新华社技术局
[33]RalfHartmut Guting Introduction To Spatial Database. VLDB Journal 3,1994
[34]Max J. Egenhofer Spatial SQL: A Query and Presentation Language. IEEE TRANSACTION ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING, VOL.6,1994
[35]Peter Gulutzan，Trudy Pelzer著 齐舒工作室译 SQL3参考大全 机械工业出版社，2000．1
[36]http://www.opengis.org
[37]http://otn.oracle.com
[38] An Introduction to Spatial Database System, VLDB Journal(Vol.3,No.4,October 1994) Praktische Informatik IV, FernUniversitat Hagen
[39] Codd E. F. A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Databanks. Comm. of ACM 1970, 13(6): 377～387
[40] Database for GIS Claudia Bauer Medeiros, Fatima Pires
[41] GIS专辑 《中国图形图象学报》2001年9月
[42] A Quick Introduction to C++, Tom Anderson, based on an earlier version written by Wayne Christopher
[43] C++ Programming HOW-TO, A1 Dev (Alavoor Vasudevan), alavoor@yahoo.com, v16.0,03 Aug 2000
[44] 《Visual C++6．0技术内幕》北京希望电子出版社，1996年6月
[45] 《Visual Basic6．0 从入门到精通》 Evangelos Petroutsos，电子工业出版社，1999年1月第一版
[46] 《地理信息系统基础》 龚健雅著，科学出版社，2001年
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