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长江经济带物流发展与产业布局优化
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摘要
进入20世纪90年代以后,我国对外开放的格局发生了重大变化,逐步形成了全方位、多层次、多渠道的对外开放的总趋势,提出了大力进行西部开发的方针。希望通过西部开发,向西部贫困省市注入资金、技术和其它生产资料,推动我国西部经济的发展,逐步缩小东部沿海地区和西部地区的发展差距,减少因为发展不平衡带来的地区间矛盾。在西部大开发的实践中,突出的不利因素是西部地区薄弱的基础设施,严重影响了物流、资金流和信息流的顺畅进行。不解决这些问题,西部开发的目标实际上很难达到。
     长江自西向东流经我国西部、中部和东部三大经济带,历来在沟通我国东西的物质、人员交流方面发挥着重要的作用。长江经济带是我国今后20年经济增长潜力最大的地区,实施“长江战略”是我国第二、第三步经济发展战略的重要组成部分。作为20世纪90年代后我国全面对外开放的重要标志,长江经济带的发展建设对西部开发的总体目标的实现起着至关重要的作用,从中央到地方,都对此给予了充分重视,提出了许多发展方略。
     物流的概念传入我国时间并不长,而对物流的研究在我国方兴未艾。国外有许多专家出版了一些有关物流和经济区关系的著作。而在我国,有关物流与经济区关系的著作很少见到。在本论文中,作者力图通过阐述物流产业的发展对于经济区经济布局的优化的关系,从宏观上对整个长江经济带的产业布局作出一些设想。
     本论文第一章分析了长江经济带交通运输、仓储、通讯等物流基础设施的建设和区域物流产业的发展概况,并结合我国目前对外开放的总格局分析了长江经济带物流相关产业对外开放的情况,探讨了其中的不足之处。
     第二章介绍了长江经济带经济发展的总体情况。对于目前所处的国内外的政治经济形势作出了分析,分析了经济带上的工业结构和布局特征以及经济带各省市的经济联系,对于经济发展中出现的产业结构趋同的趋势作了着重的探讨。通过比较长江经济带各省市的“十五”计划,指出了经济发展中的不协调现象。为以下的具体分析作出铺垫。
     第三章重点分析了长江经济带产业结构失调的原因。通过探讨我国历史上产业发展的错误决策,从而从历史的角度对产业趋同进行了解析。在本章中,作者还通过数学模型的方法,比较了各省市的经济决策部门作出的决策,分析了经济带产业结构趋同的政策原因。指出在市场分割、物流不畅的情况下,传统的计划经济体制对于经济结构趋同有着不可推卸的责任。
     第四章是本论文的重点。作者力图应用传统微观经济学、运输经济学、区域经济学的理论,探讨建设交通运输基础设施和发展物流产业对与区域经济协调发展的作用。方法是从微观到宏观、从点到面,分析经济发展中的极化效应和扩散效应,指出在市场经济的条件下,通过改善物流条件,可以有效改善计划经济形成的经济布局不合理的状况。
     第五章是结论部分。分析了长江经济带的辐射优势并提出了经济带经济发展的一些设想。
In the late years of the 20 century, the pattern of our open-up policy changed and started a new general trend of all-orientation, multi-levels, multi-channal pattern. The policy of Exploiting the West part of our country was thus put forward. The proposal was that we can drive the economy of our west part of the nation by injecting capital, technology and other materials so that we can reduce the difference of the economy development between the east and the west. This can also lessen the political tensity rising from the gap of economy situation in various part of China. However, in the practice of Exploiting the West, the prominent disadvantage is the insufficiency of infrastructure in the west region that affect the suitable flow of material, information and capital. The goal of exploiting the west cann't be reached but for these problems be perfectly settled.
    Changjiang River flows from west to east across west, middle and east economic region. It has acted an very important role in the communication of people and material among the regions. Changjiang Rever Economic Belt is of the most economic potential of development in China in the coming 20 years and to implement the "Stratagy of Changjiang River" is an important part in the second and third step of our economy development. As a symbol of our fully-open-up policy, the development of Changjiang River Belt is of significant importance to the whole achievement of Exploiting the West. Thus it gains the sight of both the central and the local government. A lot of idea has been advanced in this field.
    It was not long age that the concept of logistics was introduced into China but much has been studied about it. In foreign countries, some articles has showed the relationship between logistics and the development of economic region, but there are a fat lot by Chinese. The paper analyses and researches into the relationship between logistics and industrial distribution, especially in Changjiang River Economic Belt. Some brief visualization is also worked out in this paper.
    In the first chapter of the paper, the auther analyses the contruction of the transportation, storage and communication infrastructure and the general situation of logistics industry. The auther also analyses the correlactive industry of logistcs combined with our pattern of open-up, and point out the shortage in this field.
    In the second chapter of the paper, the auther introduces the general economic situation in the Changjiang River Belt ,and analyses the political and economic situation in China and the world. The auther also analyses the framework of industry and its characteristic distribution in the region and the relationship of economy among the provinces and metroplises. Particularly, the auther discusses
    
    
    
    the trend of industrial sameness. By comparing the Tenth-five-year plans of the provinces and metroplises, the he points out the disharmony of economy development in this region.
    In the third chapter of the paper, the auther analyses the whys of the disharmony of industrial distribution. By study the mistake decision-making in the histry, he discusses the trend of industrial sameness from the historical point of view. In this chapter, he compares the decisions made by decision-making authorities of the provinces and metroplises in this region by means of mathematics model, and analyses the political reason of the its trend of industrial sameness. He points out that, under the situation of market division, it's the traditional planned-economy system that should be responsible for the disharmonious industrial distribution.
    The fourth chapter is the keystone of the paper. The auther uses the theories of microeconomics, transportation economics, region economics to discuss the function of transportation infrastructure and logistics industry to the harmonious development of region economy. He analyses the polarizing and proliferating effect in the economy development in the mothed from point to side. He point out that, in the market economy, we can efficiently improve t
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