零电压开关多谐振三电平直流变换器
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摘要
三电平变换器可以降低开关管的电压应力，并且可以减小输出滤波器(或储能元件)的大小，近年来逐步成为电力电子技术的一个研究热点。为了实现软开关，本文提出一族新颖的零电压开关多谐振三电平直流变换器。它是在传统的三电平变换器的基础上加入LCC谐振网络以实现零电压开关，即在开关管和续流二极管上并联谐振电容，在开关管和续流二极管间串联谐振电感。它的优点在于谐振电容吸收了开关管和续流二极管的结电容，谐振电感吸收了变压器的漏感，使得开关管和续流二极管都能在软开关的条件下完成导通和关断过程，消除了电路中的寄生振荡。与传统的准谐振变换器相比，该变换器功率器件的电压应力大大降低，在很窄的开关频率变化范围内实现宽负载范围的软开关。由于采用三电平结构不仅可以减小功率器件上的电压应力，而且可以使滤波电感和电容大大减小。
本文以Buck零电压开关多谐振三电平变换器为例，详细分析了它的工作原理、参数设计、脉频调制交错控制的实现、与常规的多谐振变换器的对比，并以一个1000W的原理样机对该变换器进行实验验证。
Because the switches suffer only the half of the input voltage,the Three-Level (TL) converters have been attracting more and more attentions. This thesis proposes a family of zero-voltage-switching multi-resonant three-level dc/dc converters.
A LCC multi-resonant (MR) network is added to the traditional three-level converters to realize ZVS. The unique arrangement of a multi-resonant network results in absorption of all major parasitic components hi the resonant circuit,such as transistor output capacitance,diode junction capacitance and transformer leakage inductance,which can eliminate parasitic oscillation in the converter. Compared with quasi-resonant,it can reduced transistor voltage stress and improved load range and stability in low frequency range. Because of the structure of three-level,transistor voltage stress and filter can be reduced significantly.
Buck ZVS-MR-TL converter is taken as the examples to illustrate the operation of the ZVS-MR-TL converters. The operation of Buck ZVS-MR-TL converter is analyzed as well as parameter design,realization of Pulse-Frequency -Modulation (PFM) interleaved control and comparison between ZVS-MR converters and ZVS-MR-TL converters. A 1000W prototype converter is built in the lab to verify the effectiveness of the proposed converter.
本文以Buck零电压开关多谐振三电平变换器为例，详细分析了它的工作原理、参数设计、脉频调制交错控制的实现、与常规的多谐振变换器的对比，并以一个1000W的原理样机对该变换器进行实验验证。
Because the switches suffer only the half of the input voltage,the Three-Level (TL) converters have been attracting more and more attentions. This thesis proposes a family of zero-voltage-switching multi-resonant three-level dc/dc converters.
A LCC multi-resonant (MR) network is added to the traditional three-level converters to realize ZVS. The unique arrangement of a multi-resonant network results in absorption of all major parasitic components hi the resonant circuit,such as transistor output capacitance,diode junction capacitance and transformer leakage inductance,which can eliminate parasitic oscillation in the converter. Compared with quasi-resonant,it can reduced transistor voltage stress and improved load range and stability in low frequency range. Because of the structure of three-level,transistor voltage stress and filter can be reduced significantly.
Buck ZVS-MR-TL converter is taken as the examples to illustrate the operation of the ZVS-MR-TL converters. The operation of Buck ZVS-MR-TL converter is analyzed as well as parameter design,realization of Pulse-Frequency -Modulation (PFM) interleaved control and comparison between ZVS-MR converters and ZVS-MR-TL converters. A 1000W prototype converter is built in the lab to verify the effectiveness of the proposed converter.
引文
[1] Akira Nabae, Isao Takahashi, Hirofumi Akagi, "A new neutral-point-clamped pwm inverter", IEEE Trans. on IA, Vol. 17, No.5, 1981,pp.518-523;
[2] J.Renes Pinheiro and Ivo Barbi, "The three-level zvs pwm converter - A new concept in high-voltage dc-dc conversion," IEEE IECON, 1992, pp. 173-178;
[3] J.Renes Pinheiro and Ivo Barbi, "Wide load range the three-level zvs pwm dc-to-dc converter" IEEE PESC, 1993, pp. 171-177;
[4] Xinbo Ruan, Bin Li and Qianhong Chen, "Three-level converters - a new approach for high voltage and high power dc-to-dc conversion," Proceedings of IEEE PESC, 2002, pp.663-668;
[5] Xinbo Ruan, Linquan Zhou and Yangguang Yan, "Solf-switching PWM three-level-converters," IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, Vol. 16, No.5,2001 pp.612-622;
[6] Xinbo Ruan, Dayu Xu and Yangguang Yan, "Zero-voltage-switching pwm three-level converter with two clamp diodes," Proceedings of IEEE PESC, 2001, pp.445-450;
[7] Xinbo Ruan, Linquan Zhou; Yangguang Yan, "A novel zero-voltage and zero-current-switching PWM three-level converter," IEEE PESC'2001, pp. 1075-1079;
[8] Xinbo Ruan, Dayu Xu, and Linquan Zhou, "A simplified zero-voltage-switching pwm three-level converter with two clamp diodes," IEEE APEC 2002, pp.975-980;
[9] Xinbo Ruan and Bin Li, "Zero-voltage and zero-current-switching pwm hybrid full-bridge three level converter," Proceedings of IEEE PESC, 2002, pp. 1847-1852;
[10] 李斌，三电平直流变换器的研究，南京航空航天大学硕士论文，2002年3月；
[11] W.A.Tabisz, P. Gradzki and F.C.Lee," Zero-voltage-switched quasi-resonant buck and flyback converters - Experimental results at 10 MHz," IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, Vol.4, No.2,1989, pp.194-204;
[12] W.A.Tabisz and F.C.Lee," Zero-voltage-switching multiresonant technique-a novel approach to improve performance of high-frequency quasi-resonant converters," IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, Vol.4, No.4,1989, pp.450-458;
[13] W.A.Tabisz and F.C.Lee," DC analysis and design of zero-voltage-switched multi-resonant converters," in Proceedings IEEE PESC, 1989 pp.243-251;
[14] 阮新波，严仰光，《直流开关电源的软开关技术》，科学出版社，2000年；
[15] 王聪，《软开关功率变换器及其应用》，科学出版社，2000年；
[16] F. Hamma, T.A.Meynard, F. Tourkhani, P. Viarouge, "Characteristics and design of multilevel choppers", in Proceedings IEEE PESC, 1995, pp. 1208-1214;
[17] Rudolf P. Severn, "Topologies for Three-Element Resonant Converters", IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, Vol.7 .No. 1,1992, pp.89-98;
[18] Issa Batarseh, "Resonant Converter Topologies with Three and Four Energy Storage Elements", IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, Vol.9 .No. 1,1994, pp.64-73;
[19]Bo Yang, Alpha J.Zhang, Guisong Huang, Fred C.Lee and Renyuan Cheng, "LLC Resonant Converter for Front End DC/DC Conversion", CPES,2001, pp.44-48;
[20]阮新波，严仰光，《脉宽调制DC／DC全桥变换器的软开关技术》，科学出版社，1999年；
[21]丁道宏，《电力电子技术》航空工业出版社，1995年，第一版；
[22]Resonant-Mode Power Supply Controller UC3863, Product & Applications Hand Book 1995-1996, Unitrode Integrated Circuit;
[23]Regulating Pulse Width Modulators UC3525A, Product & Applications Hand Book 1995-1996, Unitrode Integrated Circuit.
[2] J.Renes Pinheiro and Ivo Barbi, "The three-level zvs pwm converter - A new concept in high-voltage dc-dc conversion," IEEE IECON, 1992, pp. 173-178;
[3] J.Renes Pinheiro and Ivo Barbi, "Wide load range the three-level zvs pwm dc-to-dc converter" IEEE PESC, 1993, pp. 171-177;
[4] Xinbo Ruan, Bin Li and Qianhong Chen, "Three-level converters - a new approach for high voltage and high power dc-to-dc conversion," Proceedings of IEEE PESC, 2002, pp.663-668;
[5] Xinbo Ruan, Linquan Zhou and Yangguang Yan, "Solf-switching PWM three-level-converters," IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, Vol. 16, No.5,2001 pp.612-622;
[6] Xinbo Ruan, Dayu Xu and Yangguang Yan, "Zero-voltage-switching pwm three-level converter with two clamp diodes," Proceedings of IEEE PESC, 2001, pp.445-450;
[7] Xinbo Ruan, Linquan Zhou; Yangguang Yan, "A novel zero-voltage and zero-current-switching PWM three-level converter," IEEE PESC'2001, pp. 1075-1079;
[8] Xinbo Ruan, Dayu Xu, and Linquan Zhou, "A simplified zero-voltage-switching pwm three-level converter with two clamp diodes," IEEE APEC 2002, pp.975-980;
[9] Xinbo Ruan and Bin Li, "Zero-voltage and zero-current-switching pwm hybrid full-bridge three level converter," Proceedings of IEEE PESC, 2002, pp. 1847-1852;
[10] 李斌，三电平直流变换器的研究，南京航空航天大学硕士论文，2002年3月；
[11] W.A.Tabisz, P. Gradzki and F.C.Lee," Zero-voltage-switched quasi-resonant buck and flyback converters - Experimental results at 10 MHz," IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, Vol.4, No.2,1989, pp.194-204;
[12] W.A.Tabisz and F.C.Lee," Zero-voltage-switching multiresonant technique-a novel approach to improve performance of high-frequency quasi-resonant converters," IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, Vol.4, No.4,1989, pp.450-458;
[13] W.A.Tabisz and F.C.Lee," DC analysis and design of zero-voltage-switched multi-resonant converters," in Proceedings IEEE PESC, 1989 pp.243-251;
[14] 阮新波，严仰光，《直流开关电源的软开关技术》，科学出版社，2000年；
[15] 王聪，《软开关功率变换器及其应用》，科学出版社，2000年；
[16] F. Hamma, T.A.Meynard, F. Tourkhani, P. Viarouge, "Characteristics and design of multilevel choppers", in Proceedings IEEE PESC, 1995, pp. 1208-1214;
[17] Rudolf P. Severn, "Topologies for Three-Element Resonant Converters", IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, Vol.7 .No. 1,1992, pp.89-98;
[18] Issa Batarseh, "Resonant Converter Topologies with Three and Four Energy Storage Elements", IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, Vol.9 .No. 1,1994, pp.64-73;
[19]Bo Yang, Alpha J.Zhang, Guisong Huang, Fred C.Lee and Renyuan Cheng, "LLC Resonant Converter for Front End DC/DC Conversion", CPES,2001, pp.44-48;
[20]阮新波，严仰光，《脉宽调制DC／DC全桥变换器的软开关技术》，科学出版社，1999年；
[21]丁道宏，《电力电子技术》航空工业出版社，1995年，第一版；
[22]Resonant-Mode Power Supply Controller UC3863, Product & Applications Hand Book 1995-1996, Unitrode Integrated Circuit;
[23]Regulating Pulse Width Modulators UC3525A, Product & Applications Hand Book 1995-1996, Unitrode Integrated Circuit.
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