靶场军事训练远程考核系统的研究
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摘要
远程考核是目前Internet应用的热点，是远程教育的一个重要组成部分，也是基地军事训练考核的一种有效手段。随着基地科技事业的发展，远程教育将发挥越来越重要的作用，远程考核在不远的未来必将有着广阔的发展前景。本文针对靶场的特点和要求，对此进行了详细的分析和具体的研究。
首先研究了C/S与B/S现有的网络编程最新技术，采用软件工程化方法，进行了系统总体设计。主要包括系统结构、安全与可靠性、数据库、软硬件环境等。从根本上保证了系统总体方案合理、科学和可行。
其次，对信息发布、题库管理、试卷管理、考务管理、考核管理、判卷管理、数据传输、监考管理等九个子系统进行深入分析，探讨了各子系统的具体功能，并进行流程和模块化设计。
再次，对数据库技术进行深入的研究，针对本系统开发特点，确定数据库的选型，并进行本系统核心数据结构和主要表结构的详细设计。为保证系统的安全性和可靠性，系统采取了身份识别与验证、访问控制、审计、数据加密、在线备份等措施。考虑到试题库建设已有相当的规模，系统设计了专门的模块，可方便地将已有试题顺利导入试题库。系统不但实现了图文混排的功能，而且还可直接调用一些常用软件以辅助录入图形和符号。
最后，对系统开发过程中涉及到自动组卷、数据压缩、客户端数据库和考生答案不可否认性的技术进行深入研究，特别是试题库管理系统设计中的难点计算机自动组卷问题，通过建立选题数学模型并将最小二乘理论引入选题策略，不仅简化了编程，而且保证了同一选题要求下选题的一致性。本文还通过采用双自适应串的方法，改进了LZW算法，提高了系统的适应性。
本文为靶场在复杂的网络环境下提供了一套完整科学的网络化考核解决方案，并解决了实施过程中的主要问题。系统投入使用后收到了良好的军事和经济效益。
The Distant Test, which is an important part of the Distant Education, now becomes a focal application of the Internet technology, and gradually becomes a effective means of the military training and testing in the lunch site. With the development of science and technology in the lunch site, the Distant Education is playing a more and more important role. It is sure that Distant Test will have a bright prospect in the future. In this paper, The Distant Test System is analyzed and studied in detail.
Firstly, the network programming technology based on C/S(Client/Server) and B/S(Browser/Server) architecture is studied, the system design is proposed, which obeys the software engineering standard, and so it is practical, scientific, and feasible.
Secondly, all the nine subsystems, including the information distributing service, the question database management, the test paper management, the affairs management of examination, the examination management, the examination paper management, the data transmission, and the invigilating management, are discussed, their flow charts and modules are designed concretely. By studying all the up to date database technology and the characteristics of this system, the design of the core data structure and the key table structure is achieved. In order to guarantee the security and the reliability, the technologies of identification and validating, access control, auditing, data encryption, data backup online and so on, are adopted. Furthermore, we design a special module to load the existing questions to the questions database.
Finally, the actual technologies of the computer's automatic making up examination paper, the data compress, the client database and the irreversibility of the examinee's answer are studied, which are key problems of The Distant Test System. Especially, the computer's automatic making up examination paper is the most difficult point in the design of the Question Base Management System, is solved by establishing the question selecting model, which is based on The Least Square algorithm. This model also simplifies the programming and ensures the consistency and adaptability of the question selecting under the same choosing request. Furthermore, this paper improves LZW algorithm, and so increases the network delivery efficiency, enlarges the system's applying scope.
hi brief, this paper offers an integrated scientific networking test project under the lunch site's complex network environment, and solves several key problems in actual implementing. Now, great benefit has been achieved after The Distant Test System's test run.
首先研究了C/S与B/S现有的网络编程最新技术，采用软件工程化方法，进行了系统总体设计。主要包括系统结构、安全与可靠性、数据库、软硬件环境等。从根本上保证了系统总体方案合理、科学和可行。
其次，对信息发布、题库管理、试卷管理、考务管理、考核管理、判卷管理、数据传输、监考管理等九个子系统进行深入分析，探讨了各子系统的具体功能，并进行流程和模块化设计。
再次，对数据库技术进行深入的研究，针对本系统开发特点，确定数据库的选型，并进行本系统核心数据结构和主要表结构的详细设计。为保证系统的安全性和可靠性，系统采取了身份识别与验证、访问控制、审计、数据加密、在线备份等措施。考虑到试题库建设已有相当的规模，系统设计了专门的模块，可方便地将已有试题顺利导入试题库。系统不但实现了图文混排的功能，而且还可直接调用一些常用软件以辅助录入图形和符号。
最后，对系统开发过程中涉及到自动组卷、数据压缩、客户端数据库和考生答案不可否认性的技术进行深入研究，特别是试题库管理系统设计中的难点计算机自动组卷问题，通过建立选题数学模型并将最小二乘理论引入选题策略，不仅简化了编程，而且保证了同一选题要求下选题的一致性。本文还通过采用双自适应串的方法，改进了LZW算法，提高了系统的适应性。
本文为靶场在复杂的网络环境下提供了一套完整科学的网络化考核解决方案，并解决了实施过程中的主要问题。系统投入使用后收到了良好的军事和经济效益。
The Distant Test, which is an important part of the Distant Education, now becomes a focal application of the Internet technology, and gradually becomes a effective means of the military training and testing in the lunch site. With the development of science and technology in the lunch site, the Distant Education is playing a more and more important role. It is sure that Distant Test will have a bright prospect in the future. In this paper, The Distant Test System is analyzed and studied in detail.
Firstly, the network programming technology based on C/S(Client/Server) and B/S(Browser/Server) architecture is studied, the system design is proposed, which obeys the software engineering standard, and so it is practical, scientific, and feasible.
Secondly, all the nine subsystems, including the information distributing service, the question database management, the test paper management, the affairs management of examination, the examination management, the examination paper management, the data transmission, and the invigilating management, are discussed, their flow charts and modules are designed concretely. By studying all the up to date database technology and the characteristics of this system, the design of the core data structure and the key table structure is achieved. In order to guarantee the security and the reliability, the technologies of identification and validating, access control, auditing, data encryption, data backup online and so on, are adopted. Furthermore, we design a special module to load the existing questions to the questions database.
Finally, the actual technologies of the computer's automatic making up examination paper, the data compress, the client database and the irreversibility of the examinee's answer are studied, which are key problems of The Distant Test System. Especially, the computer's automatic making up examination paper is the most difficult point in the design of the Question Base Management System, is solved by establishing the question selecting model, which is based on The Least Square algorithm. This model also simplifies the programming and ensures the consistency and adaptability of the question selecting under the same choosing request. Furthermore, this paper improves LZW algorithm, and so increases the network delivery efficiency, enlarges the system's applying scope.
hi brief, this paper offers an integrated scientific networking test project under the lunch site's complex network environment, and solves several key problems in actual implementing. Now, great benefit has been achieved after The Distant Test System's test run.
引文
[1] 于寅．高等工程数学．武汉：华中理工大学出版社，1998
[2] 试题库编写规范．北京：总装备部司令部军训局，2000
[3] 徐士良．计算机常用算法．北京：清华大学出版社，1997
[4] 浙江大学数学系高等数学教研室编．概率论与数理统计．高等教育出版社，1987
[5] 王式安．数理统计方法及应用模型．北京：北京科学技术出版社，1992
[6] (美)Ken North，著．面向对象的数据库程序设计．北京：电子工业出版社，1996
[7] 计算机软件工程规范国家标准汇编2000．中国标准出版社，2000年
[8] 严蔚敏．米宁．吴伟民．数据结构(第二版)．北京：清华大学出版社，1992
[9] 应继汝、胡立新等，试题库随机选题数学模型的构建及实现，计算机应用，2000，第1期
[10] 许建龙、林霖、孙静，通用试题库设计，浙江工程学院学报，1999，第2期
[11] 池抚新、沈丽、孙桂兰，计算机随机抽题组卷算法与应用，抚顺石油学院学报，1999，第2期
[12] 熊桂喜、王小虎、李学农等，计算机网络，清华大学出版社，1998
[2] 试题库编写规范．北京：总装备部司令部军训局，2000
[3] 徐士良．计算机常用算法．北京：清华大学出版社，1997
[4] 浙江大学数学系高等数学教研室编．概率论与数理统计．高等教育出版社，1987
[5] 王式安．数理统计方法及应用模型．北京：北京科学技术出版社，1992
[6] (美)Ken North，著．面向对象的数据库程序设计．北京：电子工业出版社，1996
[7] 计算机软件工程规范国家标准汇编2000．中国标准出版社，2000年
[8] 严蔚敏．米宁．吴伟民．数据结构(第二版)．北京：清华大学出版社，1992
[9] 应继汝、胡立新等，试题库随机选题数学模型的构建及实现，计算机应用，2000，第1期
[10] 许建龙、林霖、孙静，通用试题库设计，浙江工程学院学报，1999，第2期
[11] 池抚新、沈丽、孙桂兰，计算机随机抽题组卷算法与应用，抚顺石油学院学报，1999，第2期
[12] 熊桂喜、王小虎、李学农等，计算机网络，清华大学出版社，1998
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