智能天线技术与波达方向估计研究
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摘要
本论文题目源自国家自然科学基金项目《智能数字多波束天线技术研究》(69971017)及国防预研项目《智能天线技术》(31．5．4．8)。论文首先从提升系统容量的角度讨论了引入智能天线技术的原因，进一步介绍了智能天线的原理、优点、发展以及波束形成技术的准则和算法。论文的重点放在对波达方向估计算法的研究及仿真上，包括了基于子空间分解的方法及其改进算法和基于四阶累积量的方法。最后，用基于波达方向估计的算法仿真了一个动态接入系统，仿真结果基本上验证了理想单小区环境中智能天线的性能，并给出了不足以及改进的思路。
This thesis first discusses the reason of introducing the technology of smart antenna from the angle of increasing the system capacity. Further, it introduces the theory, advantages of smart antenna and its evolution, and criteria and algorithms of the beamforming technology. The focal point of this thesis was focus on the study and stimulation of Direction Of Arrival (DOA) Estimation Technology, including the algorithms based on the subspace decomposition and its improves, and a algorithm based on fourth-order cumulant. Finally, a dynamic access system was simulated by using the algorithm based on DOA Estimation, the results of simulations verify the performance of smart antenna in single-cell ideal environment, and discusses the deficiency of the work and the improving way.
This thesis first discusses the reason of introducing the technology of smart antenna from the angle of increasing the system capacity. Further, it introduces the theory, advantages of smart antenna and its evolution, and criteria and algorithms of the beamforming technology. The focal point of this thesis was focus on the study and stimulation of Direction Of Arrival (DOA) Estimation Technology, including the algorithms based on the subspace decomposition and its improves, and a algorithm based on fourth-order cumulant. Finally, a dynamic access system was simulated by using the algorithm based on DOA Estimation, the results of simulations verify the performance of smart antenna in single-cell ideal environment, and discusses the deficiency of the work and the improving way.
引文
[1]移动通信史，URL: http://www.kepu.com.cn/gb/technology/telecom/wireless/telecom/wireless/wrl105.html
[2]行业动态，URL: http://www. mii.gov. cn/Mii/homepage.nsf/documentview/2001-04-23-01-33DF7E 10641 F232F48256A3700295AA4?OpenDocument
[3]“过渡代”技术，URL: http://www. chinabyte.com/20011107/1423870.shtml
[4]Per H.Lene, Magne Pettersen "An Overview of Smart Antenna Technology for Mobile Communications Systems" IEEE Communications Surveys, Fourth Quarter 1999, Vol.2, pp.2～13.
[5]TSUNAMI, URL: http://www. dectweb.com/LearningZone/R&D.htm
[6]汪晓光，史小卫“基于交换网络分层结构的软件无线电方案”，通信技术，2002年第3期．
[7]John Litva, Titus Kwok-Yeung Lo "Digital Beamforming in Wireless Communications", Artech House, 1996.
[8]G.V. Tsoulos, "Smart antennas for mobile communication systems: benefits and challenges" ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING JOURNAL APRIL 1999. pp.84～93.
[9]Seungwon Choi, Donghee Shim. "A Novel Adaptive Beamforming Algorithm for a Smart Antenna System in a CDMA Mobile Communication Environment", IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, September 2000,Vol.49: pp. 1793～1806.
[10]张贤达，保铮．通信信号处理．国防工业出版社，2000
[11]B．维德罗，S．D．史蒂恩斯．自适应信号处理．四川大学，1991．
[12]张贤达．现代信号处理．清华大学．1995．
[13]石镇．自适应天线原理．国防工业出版社．1991．
[14]Joseph C.Liberti, Theodore S. Rappaport "Smart Antennas for Wireless Communications. IS-95 and Third Generation CDMA Applications", Prentice Hall PTR, 1999.
[15]Yung-Yi Wang, Jiunn-Tsair Chen, Wen-Hsien Fang. "TST-MUSIC for Joint DOA-Delay Estimation". IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, APRIL 2001, Vol 49. pp.721～729.
[16]J.Capon, "High Resolution Frequency-Wavenumber Spectral Analysis", Proceeding of the IEEE, Aug. 1969, Vol.57,pp. 1408～1418.
[17]R.O.Schmidt, "Multiple Emitter Location and Signal Parameter Estimation", IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propagation, Mar. 1986, Vol.34,pp.243～258.
[18]P. Roy, T. Kailath, "ESPRIT-Estimation of Signal Parameters Via Rotational Invariance Techniques", IEEE Trans. Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing, July 1989, Vol.37. pp.984～995.
[19]J.E.Evans,J.R.Johnson,D.F. Sun, "High Resolution Angular Spectrum Estimation Techniques for Terrain Scattering Analysis and Angle of Arrival Estimation in ATC Navigation and Surveillance System", IEEE Trans. on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Sept. 1990, Vol.26.pp.748～753.
[20]S.U.Pillai, B.H.Kwon, "Forward/Backward Spatial Smoothing Techniques for Coherent Signal Identification", IEEE Trans. on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing, Jan. 1989. Vol.37. pp.8～15.
[21]M.C.Dogan,J.M.Mendel, "Cumulant-based blind optimum beamforming",IEEE Trans. Aerospace and Electronic Systems, June. 1994.Vol.30.pp.722～741.
[22]M.Wax, T. Kailath, "Detection of Signals by Information Theoretic Criteria", IEEE Trans. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Apr. 1985,Vol.33.pp.387～392.
[23]曹志刚，钱亚生，现代通信原理，清华大学，1992．
[24]张贤达，信号处理中的线性代数．科学出版社，1997．
[25]赵瑞锋，谈振辉，蒋海林，“无线系统中的智能天线”．电子学报．2000，12，Vol．28．pp．77～80
[2]行业动态，URL: http://www. mii.gov. cn/Mii/homepage.nsf/documentview/2001-04-23-01-33DF7E 10641 F232F48256A3700295AA4?OpenDocument
[3]“过渡代”技术，URL: http://www. chinabyte.com/20011107/1423870.shtml
[4]Per H.Lene, Magne Pettersen "An Overview of Smart Antenna Technology for Mobile Communications Systems" IEEE Communications Surveys, Fourth Quarter 1999, Vol.2, pp.2～13.
[5]TSUNAMI, URL: http://www. dectweb.com/LearningZone/R&D.htm
[6]汪晓光，史小卫“基于交换网络分层结构的软件无线电方案”，通信技术，2002年第3期．
[7]John Litva, Titus Kwok-Yeung Lo "Digital Beamforming in Wireless Communications", Artech House, 1996.
[8]G.V. Tsoulos, "Smart antennas for mobile communication systems: benefits and challenges" ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING JOURNAL APRIL 1999. pp.84～93.
[9]Seungwon Choi, Donghee Shim. "A Novel Adaptive Beamforming Algorithm for a Smart Antenna System in a CDMA Mobile Communication Environment", IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, September 2000,Vol.49: pp. 1793～1806.
[10]张贤达，保铮．通信信号处理．国防工业出版社，2000
[11]B．维德罗，S．D．史蒂恩斯．自适应信号处理．四川大学，1991．
[12]张贤达．现代信号处理．清华大学．1995．
[13]石镇．自适应天线原理．国防工业出版社．1991．
[14]Joseph C.Liberti, Theodore S. Rappaport "Smart Antennas for Wireless Communications. IS-95 and Third Generation CDMA Applications", Prentice Hall PTR, 1999.
[15]Yung-Yi Wang, Jiunn-Tsair Chen, Wen-Hsien Fang. "TST-MUSIC for Joint DOA-Delay Estimation". IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, APRIL 2001, Vol 49. pp.721～729.
[16]J.Capon, "High Resolution Frequency-Wavenumber Spectral Analysis", Proceeding of the IEEE, Aug. 1969, Vol.57,pp. 1408～1418.
[17]R.O.Schmidt, "Multiple Emitter Location and Signal Parameter Estimation", IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propagation, Mar. 1986, Vol.34,pp.243～258.
[18]P. Roy, T. Kailath, "ESPRIT-Estimation of Signal Parameters Via Rotational Invariance Techniques", IEEE Trans. Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing, July 1989, Vol.37. pp.984～995.
[19]J.E.Evans,J.R.Johnson,D.F. Sun, "High Resolution Angular Spectrum Estimation Techniques for Terrain Scattering Analysis and Angle of Arrival Estimation in ATC Navigation and Surveillance System", IEEE Trans. on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Sept. 1990, Vol.26.pp.748～753.
[20]S.U.Pillai, B.H.Kwon, "Forward/Backward Spatial Smoothing Techniques for Coherent Signal Identification", IEEE Trans. on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing, Jan. 1989. Vol.37. pp.8～15.
[21]M.C.Dogan,J.M.Mendel, "Cumulant-based blind optimum beamforming",IEEE Trans. Aerospace and Electronic Systems, June. 1994.Vol.30.pp.722～741.
[22]M.Wax, T. Kailath, "Detection of Signals by Information Theoretic Criteria", IEEE Trans. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Apr. 1985,Vol.33.pp.387～392.
[23]曹志刚，钱亚生，现代通信原理，清华大学，1992．
[24]张贤达，信号处理中的线性代数．科学出版社，1997．
[25]赵瑞锋，谈振辉，蒋海林，“无线系统中的智能天线”．电子学报．2000，12，Vol．28．pp．77～80
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