100%低地板轻轨车辆结构型式与导向机理研究
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摘要
随着全球工业化的不断发展,城市人员迅速增加,使得城市交通日益拥挤,世界各国都在寻求发展与之相适应的城市交通工具。轻轨交通以运量大、环境污染小、节约能源、投资少且建设周期短而得到广泛的运用。尤其是100%低地板轻轨车辆以其无须设置站台、方便乘客上下车,特别是便于残疾人和儿童上下车的优点而倍受欢迎。为了满足国内市场的需求,国内已有工厂开始着手开发100%低地板轻轨车辆。因此,开展100%低地板轻轨车辆的结构型式和导向机理研究具有重要的理论意义和广泛的工程应用价值。
本文首先阐述了100%低地板轻轨车辆的发展概况,提出了车辆结构型式和导向机理两个关键性问题。分析了国内外研究现状,指出了开展结构型式和导向机理研究对发展国产100%低地板轻轨车辆具有重要意义。接着,本文对各型100%低地板轻轨车辆的结构型式的优缺点进行了分析和比较,并结合国外运用经验,提出了适合国产100%低地板轻轨车辆采用的结构型式。然后本文对各型100%低地板轻轨车辆的导向机理进行了分析,首次提出了纵向耦合独立车轮转向架的概念,并对其导向机理进行了理论和仿真分析。在对各型100%低地板轻轨车辆动力转向架的综合分析基础之上,提出了适合国产100%低地板轻轨车辆采用的动力转向架型式。最后,依据前两章的选型结果,结合国家科技攻关项目,提出了铰接式5模块100%低地板轻轨车辆,并运用SIMPACK多体动力学软件对车辆的动力学性能进行了分析。
With the development of industrialization all over the world, more and more people live in the city. They make the urban transportation rather jam. A suitable transportation model is being looked for. The light transit with the advantages such as huge capacity, little pollution, saving power, relatively small investing and short construction cycle has been adopted widely, especially the 100% low floor light rail vehicle which provides more convenience to the children and handicapped have been developed quickly. About 30 styles of the 100% low floor light rail vehicle were produced by the main manufactures in the world. The R & D of 100% low floor light rail vehicle has been started in several domestic manufactures in order to satisfy the domestic requirement. So it is worthy of important theory significance and wide application of value to research the structure style and the steering principle of the 100% low floor light rail vehicle by using for reference abroad.
Firstly, a general development situation of the 100% low floor light rail vehicle was expatiated in the paper. And the structure style and steering principle were put forward as two key problems. Then an analysis of the inland and overseas research actuality was made. It is necessary to do the research of the structure style and steering principle of the 100% low floor light rail vehicle in order to develop the domestic 100% low floor light rail vehicle. Secondly, the structure style of the 100% low floor light rail vehicle all over the world was compared in the paper. And a suitable structure style was confirmed with the operation experience abroad. Thirdly, the steering principle of the 100% low floor light rail vehicle was introduced in the paper. And two suitable styles of bogie were brought forward after a comparison was made by the soft SIMPACK. Finally, a dynamics simulation analysis of the 100% low floor light rail vehicle was made in the paper with SIMPACK.
本文首先阐述了100%低地板轻轨车辆的发展概况,提出了车辆结构型式和导向机理两个关键性问题。分析了国内外研究现状,指出了开展结构型式和导向机理研究对发展国产100%低地板轻轨车辆具有重要意义。接着,本文对各型100%低地板轻轨车辆的结构型式的优缺点进行了分析和比较,并结合国外运用经验,提出了适合国产100%低地板轻轨车辆采用的结构型式。然后本文对各型100%低地板轻轨车辆的导向机理进行了分析,首次提出了纵向耦合独立车轮转向架的概念,并对其导向机理进行了理论和仿真分析。在对各型100%低地板轻轨车辆动力转向架的综合分析基础之上,提出了适合国产100%低地板轻轨车辆采用的动力转向架型式。最后,依据前两章的选型结果,结合国家科技攻关项目,提出了铰接式5模块100%低地板轻轨车辆,并运用SIMPACK多体动力学软件对车辆的动力学性能进行了分析。
With the development of industrialization all over the world, more and more people live in the city. They make the urban transportation rather jam. A suitable transportation model is being looked for. The light transit with the advantages such as huge capacity, little pollution, saving power, relatively small investing and short construction cycle has been adopted widely, especially the 100% low floor light rail vehicle which provides more convenience to the children and handicapped have been developed quickly. About 30 styles of the 100% low floor light rail vehicle were produced by the main manufactures in the world. The R & D of 100% low floor light rail vehicle has been started in several domestic manufactures in order to satisfy the domestic requirement. So it is worthy of important theory significance and wide application of value to research the structure style and the steering principle of the 100% low floor light rail vehicle by using for reference abroad.
Firstly, a general development situation of the 100% low floor light rail vehicle was expatiated in the paper. And the structure style and steering principle were put forward as two key problems. Then an analysis of the inland and overseas research actuality was made. It is necessary to do the research of the structure style and steering principle of the 100% low floor light rail vehicle in order to develop the domestic 100% low floor light rail vehicle. Secondly, the structure style of the 100% low floor light rail vehicle all over the world was compared in the paper. And a suitable structure style was confirmed with the operation experience abroad. Thirdly, the steering principle of the 100% low floor light rail vehicle was introduced in the paper. And two suitable styles of bogie were brought forward after a comparison was made by the soft SIMPACK. Finally, a dynamics simulation analysis of the 100% low floor light rail vehicle was made in the paper with SIMPACK.
引文
[1]Harry Hondius MSc.VarieTy returns as orders fall away[J].Metro Report Railway Gazette International,2007.
[2]国家科技攻关计划项目可行性研究报告-100%低地板轻轨车辆的开发.科学技术部,2005,10.
[3]郭立新,姚永康.轻轨车的技术发展[J].机车电传动,2002,3.
[4]李芾等.独立旋转车轮的发展及其在轻轨车辆上的应用[J].国外铁道车辆,2002,1.
[5]王欢,戴焕云,池茂儒.国外100%低地板轻轨车动力转向架纵览[J].内燃机车,2007,12.
[6]赵大斌,任利惠.70%低地板轻轨车辆的型式比较[R].城市轨道交通研究,2007.4:31-33
[7]Ergebnis eines neuen Denkens:Der COMBINO fur wirtschaftlichen,attraktiven Nahverkehr.SIEMENS AG.
[8]Complete systems for trams,HOBNER GmbH.
[9]Shigenori Hattori.Trams making way of light rail transit[J].Japan Railway And Transport Review 38,2004,3.
[10]ApplicabiliTy of Low-Floor Light Rail Vehicles in North America,Transportation Research Board National Research Council
[11]Harry Hondius MSe.All-low-floor cars dominate orders,Developing Metros,Railway Gazette International,1993.
[12]Harry Hondius MSc.LRV Orders Progress,But Trams Stall,Metro Report 2003,Railway Gazette International.
[13]Harry Hondius MSc.Axles abandoned to accommodate low floors,September 1992,Railway Gazette International.
[14]Harry Hondius MSc.Suppliers consolidate,but car varieTy keeps growing,Metro Report,Railway Gazette International,2001,11
[15]Harry Hondius MSc.Low-floor development out of control,Railway Gazette International,1991,11.
[16]Harry Hondius MSc.Three-stage programme puts combino trams back on track[J].Railway Gazette International,2007,1.
[17]张定贤.几种低地板面轻轨车走行部分[J].电力机车技术,1999,2:43-46.
[18]鲍维千.独立车轮在低地板轻轨车辆上的应用[J].铁道车辆,2000,38增刊:116-119.
[19]任利惠.独立车轮导向技术研究.博士学位论文,同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院,2006,3:68-69.11
[20]愈展猷.现代化的低地板轻轨车辆[J].中国铁路,2004,3.
[21]Mitsuaki Hoshi,Yoshiki Ookubo,Hiroki Nonaka,Masahiro Yamaguchi,Tokuhiro Arai,Hiroyuki Kono.First 100%Domestic Low-Floor Tram[J].Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd.Technical Review,2006,1.
[22]Tram System- Combino Budapest NF12B,Hungary.SIEMENS.
[23]Jtram-100%low floor light rail vehicle.Kinki Sharyo,MHI,Toyo Deni.
[24]FAG Traction Motor Bearings and INA Plain Spherical Bearings in "Combino(?)" Articulated Low-Floor Tramcars,Examples of Application Engineering,FAG Kugelfiseher AG,Power Transmission & Railway.
[25]Liebherr-Transportation Systems.Global Partner for the Future,LIEBHERR
[26]M.Brenna,F.Foiadelli,DZaninelli.Anew concept of a Light Rail Vehicle foreity,interurban and subway services.SPEEDAM2006,International Symposium on Power Eleetronies,Eleetrical Drives,Automation and Motion.
[27]王福天.车辆系统动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994.
[28]李芾,傅茂海,黄运华.径向转向架机理及其动力学特性研究[J]。中国铁道科学,2002,10:47-48.
[29]Low-floor tramway GT6N for Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe with Voith hydrolock limited slip differentials KD 230,Voith Turbo GmbH & Co.KG.
[30]Technical Description of the SIRIO Platform Vehicle,Ansaldo Breda.
[31]Low-Floor LRVs Move Into Second Generation,Rapid Transit Review,International Railway Journal,1998,1.
[32]John D Swanson.Incentro Takes Modularity to A New Level,International Railway Journal,1998,9.
[33]Light RailReferenceList efficient rail solutions,SIEMENS AG.
[34]M.Hiestand.“眼镜蛇”一种新的低地板轻轨车[J].电力牵引快报,1996,10:6-10.
[35]Rothe Erde slewing bearings application:rail vehicles and articulation buses,Rothe Erde.
[36]王欢,戴焕云,池茂儒,高浩.100%低地板轻轨车动力学分析,中国铁道学会车辆委员会2007年度全国铁路机车车辆动态仿真学术会议论文集,中国铁道学会车辆委员会,2007,7.
[37]罗世辉.大连低地板有轨电车的动力学性能[J].铁道学报,1999,5:15-19.
[38]李明,戴焕云,丁磊.70%低地板轻轨车建模及动力学分析[J].交通运输工程学报,2004,6(4):49-52.
[39]Modular Eurotram Prototype Nears Completion,First Report,Railway Gazette International,1993,11.
[40]严隽耄.车辆工程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1999.
[41]罗世辉.轨道车辆独立车轮的动力学分析[J].铁道学报,1999,5:15-19.
[42]原亮明,陈泽深,王成国,刘金朝.新型独立车轮动车组导向机理的研究[J].中国铁道科学,2002,6:18-19.
[43]鲍维千.独立车轮在低地板轻轨车辆上的应用[J].内燃机车,2001,1.
[44]李芾,黄运华,傅茂海.车轮耦合方式发展及其导向机理[J].机车电传动,2006,3:1-3.
[45]Rotex operating-/assembly instructions,KTR Kupplungstechnik GmbH.
[46]GB/T 14894-2005“城市轨道交通车辆组装后的检查与试验规则”。
[47]GB5599-85“铁道车辆动力学性能评定和试验鉴定规范”.
[2]国家科技攻关计划项目可行性研究报告-100%低地板轻轨车辆的开发.科学技术部,2005,10.
[3]郭立新,姚永康.轻轨车的技术发展[J].机车电传动,2002,3.
[4]李芾等.独立旋转车轮的发展及其在轻轨车辆上的应用[J].国外铁道车辆,2002,1.
[5]王欢,戴焕云,池茂儒.国外100%低地板轻轨车动力转向架纵览[J].内燃机车,2007,12.
[6]赵大斌,任利惠.70%低地板轻轨车辆的型式比较[R].城市轨道交通研究,2007.4:31-33
[7]Ergebnis eines neuen Denkens:Der COMBINO fur wirtschaftlichen,attraktiven Nahverkehr.SIEMENS AG.
[8]Complete systems for trams,HOBNER GmbH.
[9]Shigenori Hattori.Trams making way of light rail transit[J].Japan Railway And Transport Review 38,2004,3.
[10]ApplicabiliTy of Low-Floor Light Rail Vehicles in North America,Transportation Research Board National Research Council
[11]Harry Hondius MSe.All-low-floor cars dominate orders,Developing Metros,Railway Gazette International,1993.
[12]Harry Hondius MSc.LRV Orders Progress,But Trams Stall,Metro Report 2003,Railway Gazette International.
[13]Harry Hondius MSc.Axles abandoned to accommodate low floors,September 1992,Railway Gazette International.
[14]Harry Hondius MSc.Suppliers consolidate,but car varieTy keeps growing,Metro Report,Railway Gazette International,2001,11
[15]Harry Hondius MSc.Low-floor development out of control,Railway Gazette International,1991,11.
[16]Harry Hondius MSc.Three-stage programme puts combino trams back on track[J].Railway Gazette International,2007,1.
[17]张定贤.几种低地板面轻轨车走行部分[J].电力机车技术,1999,2:43-46.
[18]鲍维千.独立车轮在低地板轻轨车辆上的应用[J].铁道车辆,2000,38增刊:116-119.
[19]任利惠.独立车轮导向技术研究.博士学位论文,同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院,2006,3:68-69.11
[20]愈展猷.现代化的低地板轻轨车辆[J].中国铁路,2004,3.
[21]Mitsuaki Hoshi,Yoshiki Ookubo,Hiroki Nonaka,Masahiro Yamaguchi,Tokuhiro Arai,Hiroyuki Kono.First 100%Domestic Low-Floor Tram[J].Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd.Technical Review,2006,1.
[22]Tram System- Combino Budapest NF12B,Hungary.SIEMENS.
[23]Jtram-100%low floor light rail vehicle.Kinki Sharyo,MHI,Toyo Deni.
[24]FAG Traction Motor Bearings and INA Plain Spherical Bearings in "Combino(?)" Articulated Low-Floor Tramcars,Examples of Application Engineering,FAG Kugelfiseher AG,Power Transmission & Railway.
[25]Liebherr-Transportation Systems.Global Partner for the Future,LIEBHERR
[26]M.Brenna,F.Foiadelli,DZaninelli.Anew concept of a Light Rail Vehicle foreity,interurban and subway services.SPEEDAM2006,International Symposium on Power Eleetronies,Eleetrical Drives,Automation and Motion.
[27]王福天.车辆系统动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994.
[28]李芾,傅茂海,黄运华.径向转向架机理及其动力学特性研究[J]。中国铁道科学,2002,10:47-48.
[29]Low-floor tramway GT6N for Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe with Voith hydrolock limited slip differentials KD 230,Voith Turbo GmbH & Co.KG.
[30]Technical Description of the SIRIO Platform Vehicle,Ansaldo Breda.
[31]Low-Floor LRVs Move Into Second Generation,Rapid Transit Review,International Railway Journal,1998,1.
[32]John D Swanson.Incentro Takes Modularity to A New Level,International Railway Journal,1998,9.
[33]Light RailReferenceList efficient rail solutions,SIEMENS AG.
[34]M.Hiestand.“眼镜蛇”一种新的低地板轻轨车[J].电力牵引快报,1996,10:6-10.
[35]Rothe Erde slewing bearings application:rail vehicles and articulation buses,Rothe Erde.
[36]王欢,戴焕云,池茂儒,高浩.100%低地板轻轨车动力学分析,中国铁道学会车辆委员会2007年度全国铁路机车车辆动态仿真学术会议论文集,中国铁道学会车辆委员会,2007,7.
[37]罗世辉.大连低地板有轨电车的动力学性能[J].铁道学报,1999,5:15-19.
[38]李明,戴焕云,丁磊.70%低地板轻轨车建模及动力学分析[J].交通运输工程学报,2004,6(4):49-52.
[39]Modular Eurotram Prototype Nears Completion,First Report,Railway Gazette International,1993,11.
[40]严隽耄.车辆工程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1999.
[41]罗世辉.轨道车辆独立车轮的动力学分析[J].铁道学报,1999,5:15-19.
[42]原亮明,陈泽深,王成国,刘金朝.新型独立车轮动车组导向机理的研究[J].中国铁道科学,2002,6:18-19.
[43]鲍维千.独立车轮在低地板轻轨车辆上的应用[J].内燃机车,2001,1.
[44]李芾,黄运华,傅茂海.车轮耦合方式发展及其导向机理[J].机车电传动,2006,3:1-3.
[45]Rotex operating-/assembly instructions,KTR Kupplungstechnik GmbH.
[46]GB/T 14894-2005“城市轨道交通车辆组装后的检查与试验规则”。
[47]GB5599-85“铁道车辆动力学性能评定和试验鉴定规范”.
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