回采爆破烟尘行为模拟及通风净化优化
|
摘要
爆破烟尘是地下采场污染的主要来源,控制地下爆破烟尘的扩散行为,是有效降低地下采场爆破烟尘浓度的重要手段,也是保障地下采场作业安全的主要途径。
通过对地下爆破采场爆破烟尘气固两相流特点的研究与分析,结合地下采场爆破的特点分别导出爆破粉尘和爆破烟尘的初始浓度的计算方法,并建立了爆破烟尘扩散理论的基本模型;结合铜绿山矿地下回采爆破和通风净化的实际情况,利用CFX模拟软件对铜绿山实验采场爆破烟尘在通风过程中的行为状况进行模拟,形象直观的展现了爆破烟尘中各种烟尘在采场通风过程中任意位置浓度变化和时间的关系;并给出高危险区域,针对爆破烟尘的运动特点和烟尘随时间的变化规律对采场进行通风优化。
根据模拟回采爆破后烟尘浓度随时间的分布规律,对铜绿山现阶段通风系统进行研究,给出铜绿山矿地下开采过程中采场供风存在的主要问题;针对存在的主要问题,对各种采场供风方式的优劣情况进行对比,选择一种适合铜绿山地下采场的供风方式,然后对其进行合理分风优化。
Blasting dust is the main pollution of mining underground, so controlling the proliferation of the blasting dust is an effective measure to reduce the concentration of mining dust, and is also the main approach to security the safety of mining underground.
Through the research and analysis of the underground blasting-dust’s characteristics, the calculation method of initial concentration is given. Basic model of blasting-dust’s diffusion is established. The CFD simulation software CFX is used to calculate the behavior of blasting-dust during ventilation process in Tonglushan. The relation between consistency of harmful dust and the time is exhibited visualized. Through the research and analysis of the underground blasting-dust’s characteristics, the calculation method of initial concentration is given. Basic model of blasting-dust’s diffusion is established. The CFD simulation software CFX is used to calculate the behavior of blasting-dust during ventilation process in Tonglushan. The relation between consistency of harmful dust and the time is exhibited visualized.
According to smoke after the bursting of the distribution of the simulation results as well as through the ventilation system Tonglushan at this stage of the study, presented Tonglushan underground mining ore mining in the wind for the main existing problems, for the main problems, Various mining methods for wind compare the pros and cons of the situation, select a suitable Tonglushan mining for the wind, and then optimize them.
通过对地下爆破采场爆破烟尘气固两相流特点的研究与分析,结合地下采场爆破的特点分别导出爆破粉尘和爆破烟尘的初始浓度的计算方法,并建立了爆破烟尘扩散理论的基本模型;结合铜绿山矿地下回采爆破和通风净化的实际情况,利用CFX模拟软件对铜绿山实验采场爆破烟尘在通风过程中的行为状况进行模拟,形象直观的展现了爆破烟尘中各种烟尘在采场通风过程中任意位置浓度变化和时间的关系;并给出高危险区域,针对爆破烟尘的运动特点和烟尘随时间的变化规律对采场进行通风优化。
根据模拟回采爆破后烟尘浓度随时间的分布规律,对铜绿山现阶段通风系统进行研究,给出铜绿山矿地下开采过程中采场供风存在的主要问题;针对存在的主要问题,对各种采场供风方式的优劣情况进行对比,选择一种适合铜绿山地下采场的供风方式,然后对其进行合理分风优化。
Blasting dust is the main pollution of mining underground, so controlling the proliferation of the blasting dust is an effective measure to reduce the concentration of mining dust, and is also the main approach to security the safety of mining underground.
Through the research and analysis of the underground blasting-dust’s characteristics, the calculation method of initial concentration is given. Basic model of blasting-dust’s diffusion is established. The CFD simulation software CFX is used to calculate the behavior of blasting-dust during ventilation process in Tonglushan. The relation between consistency of harmful dust and the time is exhibited visualized. Through the research and analysis of the underground blasting-dust’s characteristics, the calculation method of initial concentration is given. Basic model of blasting-dust’s diffusion is established. The CFD simulation software CFX is used to calculate the behavior of blasting-dust during ventilation process in Tonglushan. The relation between consistency of harmful dust and the time is exhibited visualized.
According to smoke after the bursting of the distribution of the simulation results as well as through the ventilation system Tonglushan at this stage of the study, presented Tonglushan underground mining ore mining in the wind for the main existing problems, for the main problems, Various mining methods for wind compare the pros and cons of the situation, select a suitable Tonglushan mining for the wind, and then optimize them.
引文
[1] Li Chongshan.Mathematical Characteristics and the Wind Amount Calculation in the Stope Ventilation Process [J].Coal Engineer,1997 (1):15-17.
[2] 陆国荣.在露天与井下大爆破过程中降低烟尘排放的方法[J].国外金属矿山,1983,2.
[3] 聂树森.大爆破有毒产物[J].世界采矿快报,1991,4(10):20-23.
[5] 王英敏.矿井通风与安全[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1984.
[6] 王英敏.采空区场流安全理论及其研究的新进展[J].中国安全科学学报,2005,1(12)85-87.
[7] 李宗恺,潘云仙,孙润桥.空气污染气象学原理及应用[M].北京:气象出版社,1985
[8] 王坚.爆破有毒烟雾的预测[J].世界采矿快报,1992(7):10-11.
[9] Zhou Shuliang.The Exclusion of the Harmful Gases in Opencast Blasting [J]. World Mining Express,1993(7):14-15.
[10] 杨人光.爆破抛体加速运动的渗流计算模型[J].北京:力学学报,1984(1):62-65.
[11] ZhouLIxing,ZhangXia.Experimental Studies of the Effect of Well Roughness on Particle Behavior in Gas-Particle Flows[J]. Chinese,Eng,2004,12(3):330-334.
[12] 周淑良.地下炸药爆炸产生气体的分布和特性[J].世界采矿快报,1989(8):7-8.
[13] 金均.无规则排放源下方向浓度计算模式[J].环境污染与防治,1989(2):40-41.
[14] 张国权.气溶胶动力学[M].北京:中国环境利一学出版社,1987.
[15] 张远君,王惠玉译.两相流体动力学[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1985.
[16] 从晓春,张旭.开放性尘源粉尘运动轨迹的数值计算[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(3):330-333.
[17] 谢本贤.铜绿山铜铁矿通风系统的评价[J].矿业研究与开发,2002,22(2):18-20.
[18] 岑佑华,余琳.铜绿山通风系统优化及改造[J].矿业快报,2006,2(2):48-49.
[19] 谢本贤.铜绿山铜铁矿大直径深孔采矿方法应用研究[J].金属矿山,2006,4 (358): 12-14.
[20] 陶颂霖.凿岩爆破[M].北京,冶金出版社,1996.
[21] 冷复生.铜绿山矿 VCR 采场破顶的探讨[J].采矿技术,2007,7(3):4-7.
[22] 余仁兵,周建,周国军.铜绿山铜铁矿开采问题的分析与对策[J].采矿技术,2007,7(1):20-23.
[23] 黄平路.中深孔爆破安全评价方法的研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,资源与环境工程学院,2004.
[24] 戴宏辉,刘金明,董泽振.铜绿山铜铁矿分段充填采矿法的试验研究[J].采矿技术,2007,7(2):1-2.
[25] 马继业,朱恒水,韩英武.阶段留矿嗣后充填法在马庄铁矿的应用[J].金属矿山,2003,7(7):60-61.
[26] 杨国彦.爆破烟尘运动过程的计算机模拟及污染评价[D].硕士学位论文,北京:北京科技大学,1997.
[27] 刘光锉.烟气测试技术[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.
[28] 张兴凯.爆破烟尘行为理论及测试.博土后研究工作报告[R],北京:北京科技大学,1995.
[29] 郑炳旭,魏晓林.城市爆破拆除的粉尘预测和降尘措施[J].中国工程科学,2002(8):69-73.
[30] 吕明君.消除炮烟中有害气体的方法[J].煤炭技术,2004,23(3):70-71.
[31] Wanghao.Several Emulsion Explosives Gas Product Testing[J].Explosive,1986(2):2-4.
[32] 从晓春,张旭.开放性尘源粉尘运动轨迹的数值计算[M].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(3):330-333.
[33] 张兴凯,李怀宇,管小东.爆破烟尘气溶胶粒径分布的研究[J].有色金属,1995(2): 38-40.
[34] 张国权.气溶胶力学[M].北京:中国环境出版社,1987,2.
[35] 李怀宇,张兴凯.爆破烟尘初期运动过科的模拟[J].金属矿山,1990,1(2):19-20.
[36] 杨国彦.爆破烟尘运动过程的计算机模拟及污染评价[D].硕士学位论文.北京:北京科技大学,1997.
[37] 王福军.计算流体力学分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[38] 余常昭.环境流体力学导论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1992.
[39] 张伟江,杨升荣.非线性动力系统的动态分析[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,1996.
[40] 张振宇,烷石,卢芳云等.高能炸药爆轰波反应区流场的拉格朗日分析方法[M] .爆炸与冲击,1996,16(3):271-277.
[41] Madsen,P.A.and Soresen.O.R.A new form of Boussinesq equations with improved linear dispersion charactics.part2.a slowly-varying bathmetry[J]. Coastal Engineering,1992,(18):83-204.
[42] 杜翠凤,李怀宇.深凹露天矿降低爆破尘毒的现场试验[J].北京科技大学学报,2000,22(4):12-13.
[43] 颜事龙,薛里.拆除爆破粉尘控制研究现状与前景工程爆破[J].2004(10):3.
[44] 邵鹏,东兆星.控制爆破技术[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,2001.
[45] YE Yicheng,YANG Yan,LIU Feng.Theory Research and Simulation of Blasting Dust’s Diffusion in Underground Stope[J].Progress in safety Science and Technology Vol.VII 2008.
[46] 毕德纯,程五一.爆破作业产尘量的计算方法[J].煤矿安全,2001(3):3-4.
[47] 邓云峰,吕文生等.金属非金属矿山安全[M].化学工业出版社,2006.
[48] Li Chongshan.Mathematical Characteristics and the Wind Amount Calculation in the Stope Ventilation Process [J].Coal Engineer,1997 (1):15-17.
[49] K.H.McDaniel,K.G.Wallace,Jr.Real.Time Mine Ventilation Simulation [J].Mining Engineering,1998(14):41-42.
[50] 王英敏.矿内空气动力学与矿井通风系统[M].北京:冶金出版社,1994:201-300.
[51] 王英敏.矿井通风网络中烟尘分布与合理分风问题[M].冶金安全,1980:(6)10-14.
[52] Chen Wuyi,Li Huaiyu. Calculative method of producing dust capacity basting on diffusion theory in blast work[J].Industrial Safety and Dust Control,2000(9):12-13.
[53] Robert Artigiani , Revvolution , Evolutio.Applying prigogine’s dissipative structure model[J].Journal of Social and Biological Systems,1987,(3):249-264.
[54] Yunan Hu,Olga,I.Koroleva.Novliner Control of Mine Ventilation Networks[J].Systems and control Letters,2003,49(4):239-251.
[55] S.Ouellet et al.Reactivity and mineralogical evolution of an underground mine sulphidic cemented paste backfill,Canada[J].Minerals Engineering,2006(19):407-419.
[56] Enrico Zio,Luca Podofillini.Importance measures and genetic algorithms for designing a risk-informed optimally balanced system,Switzerland[J].Reliability Engineering and System Safety,2006:1-13.
[57] P.S.Paul,J.Maiti.The role of behavioral factors on safety management in underground mines,India[J].Safety Science,2006:1-23.
[2] 陆国荣.在露天与井下大爆破过程中降低烟尘排放的方法[J].国外金属矿山,1983,2.
[3] 聂树森.大爆破有毒产物[J].世界采矿快报,1991,4(10):20-23.
[5] 王英敏.矿井通风与安全[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1984.
[6] 王英敏.采空区场流安全理论及其研究的新进展[J].中国安全科学学报,2005,1(12)85-87.
[7] 李宗恺,潘云仙,孙润桥.空气污染气象学原理及应用[M].北京:气象出版社,1985
[8] 王坚.爆破有毒烟雾的预测[J].世界采矿快报,1992(7):10-11.
[9] Zhou Shuliang.The Exclusion of the Harmful Gases in Opencast Blasting [J]. World Mining Express,1993(7):14-15.
[10] 杨人光.爆破抛体加速运动的渗流计算模型[J].北京:力学学报,1984(1):62-65.
[11] ZhouLIxing,ZhangXia.Experimental Studies of the Effect of Well Roughness on Particle Behavior in Gas-Particle Flows[J]. Chinese,Eng,2004,12(3):330-334.
[12] 周淑良.地下炸药爆炸产生气体的分布和特性[J].世界采矿快报,1989(8):7-8.
[13] 金均.无规则排放源下方向浓度计算模式[J].环境污染与防治,1989(2):40-41.
[14] 张国权.气溶胶动力学[M].北京:中国环境利一学出版社,1987.
[15] 张远君,王惠玉译.两相流体动力学[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1985.
[16] 从晓春,张旭.开放性尘源粉尘运动轨迹的数值计算[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(3):330-333.
[17] 谢本贤.铜绿山铜铁矿通风系统的评价[J].矿业研究与开发,2002,22(2):18-20.
[18] 岑佑华,余琳.铜绿山通风系统优化及改造[J].矿业快报,2006,2(2):48-49.
[19] 谢本贤.铜绿山铜铁矿大直径深孔采矿方法应用研究[J].金属矿山,2006,4 (358): 12-14.
[20] 陶颂霖.凿岩爆破[M].北京,冶金出版社,1996.
[21] 冷复生.铜绿山矿 VCR 采场破顶的探讨[J].采矿技术,2007,7(3):4-7.
[22] 余仁兵,周建,周国军.铜绿山铜铁矿开采问题的分析与对策[J].采矿技术,2007,7(1):20-23.
[23] 黄平路.中深孔爆破安全评价方法的研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,资源与环境工程学院,2004.
[24] 戴宏辉,刘金明,董泽振.铜绿山铜铁矿分段充填采矿法的试验研究[J].采矿技术,2007,7(2):1-2.
[25] 马继业,朱恒水,韩英武.阶段留矿嗣后充填法在马庄铁矿的应用[J].金属矿山,2003,7(7):60-61.
[26] 杨国彦.爆破烟尘运动过程的计算机模拟及污染评价[D].硕士学位论文,北京:北京科技大学,1997.
[27] 刘光锉.烟气测试技术[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.
[28] 张兴凯.爆破烟尘行为理论及测试.博土后研究工作报告[R],北京:北京科技大学,1995.
[29] 郑炳旭,魏晓林.城市爆破拆除的粉尘预测和降尘措施[J].中国工程科学,2002(8):69-73.
[30] 吕明君.消除炮烟中有害气体的方法[J].煤炭技术,2004,23(3):70-71.
[31] Wanghao.Several Emulsion Explosives Gas Product Testing[J].Explosive,1986(2):2-4.
[32] 从晓春,张旭.开放性尘源粉尘运动轨迹的数值计算[M].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(3):330-333.
[33] 张兴凯,李怀宇,管小东.爆破烟尘气溶胶粒径分布的研究[J].有色金属,1995(2): 38-40.
[34] 张国权.气溶胶力学[M].北京:中国环境出版社,1987,2.
[35] 李怀宇,张兴凯.爆破烟尘初期运动过科的模拟[J].金属矿山,1990,1(2):19-20.
[36] 杨国彦.爆破烟尘运动过程的计算机模拟及污染评价[D].硕士学位论文.北京:北京科技大学,1997.
[37] 王福军.计算流体力学分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[38] 余常昭.环境流体力学导论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1992.
[39] 张伟江,杨升荣.非线性动力系统的动态分析[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,1996.
[40] 张振宇,烷石,卢芳云等.高能炸药爆轰波反应区流场的拉格朗日分析方法[M] .爆炸与冲击,1996,16(3):271-277.
[41] Madsen,P.A.and Soresen.O.R.A new form of Boussinesq equations with improved linear dispersion charactics.part2.a slowly-varying bathmetry[J]. Coastal Engineering,1992,(18):83-204.
[42] 杜翠凤,李怀宇.深凹露天矿降低爆破尘毒的现场试验[J].北京科技大学学报,2000,22(4):12-13.
[43] 颜事龙,薛里.拆除爆破粉尘控制研究现状与前景工程爆破[J].2004(10):3.
[44] 邵鹏,东兆星.控制爆破技术[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,2001.
[45] YE Yicheng,YANG Yan,LIU Feng.Theory Research and Simulation of Blasting Dust’s Diffusion in Underground Stope[J].Progress in safety Science and Technology Vol.VII 2008.
[46] 毕德纯,程五一.爆破作业产尘量的计算方法[J].煤矿安全,2001(3):3-4.
[47] 邓云峰,吕文生等.金属非金属矿山安全[M].化学工业出版社,2006.
[48] Li Chongshan.Mathematical Characteristics and the Wind Amount Calculation in the Stope Ventilation Process [J].Coal Engineer,1997 (1):15-17.
[49] K.H.McDaniel,K.G.Wallace,Jr.Real.Time Mine Ventilation Simulation [J].Mining Engineering,1998(14):41-42.
[50] 王英敏.矿内空气动力学与矿井通风系统[M].北京:冶金出版社,1994:201-300.
[51] 王英敏.矿井通风网络中烟尘分布与合理分风问题[M].冶金安全,1980:(6)10-14.
[52] Chen Wuyi,Li Huaiyu. Calculative method of producing dust capacity basting on diffusion theory in blast work[J].Industrial Safety and Dust Control,2000(9):12-13.
[53] Robert Artigiani , Revvolution , Evolutio.Applying prigogine’s dissipative structure model[J].Journal of Social and Biological Systems,1987,(3):249-264.
[54] Yunan Hu,Olga,I.Koroleva.Novliner Control of Mine Ventilation Networks[J].Systems and control Letters,2003,49(4):239-251.
[55] S.Ouellet et al.Reactivity and mineralogical evolution of an underground mine sulphidic cemented paste backfill,Canada[J].Minerals Engineering,2006(19):407-419.
[56] Enrico Zio,Luca Podofillini.Importance measures and genetic algorithms for designing a risk-informed optimally balanced system,Switzerland[J].Reliability Engineering and System Safety,2006:1-13.
[57] P.S.Paul,J.Maiti.The role of behavioral factors on safety management in underground mines,India[J].Safety Science,2006:1-23.