上海市高中体育校本课程开发的学习效果与实验研究
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摘要
21世纪是知识经济时代,也是教育和学习起核心作用的时代,科教兴国战略需要我们的体育课程体系体现时代特征和中国特色。如何加速体育课程改革与发展,全面推进素质教育步伐;如何深化学校教育改革,因校而异的开发体育校本课程,已成为当前学校体育教学改革的主题。
本文通过访谈和调查了解到,上海市部分中学开设了与体育与健身课程相关的校本课程,同时,调查也显示,目前上海市高中体育校本课程的实际情况是有其名而无其实。虽然大多数的高级中学都在探索开发校本课程,但这些实践基本上是凭经验,没有明确理念或技术的支持。在体育与健身校本课程开发过程中也缺乏有效的参考模式和案例。
有鉴于此,本研究立足于上海市格致中学,选取高一年级354人为实验班,进行体育校本课程开发教学;高二年级499人为对照班,以传统教学模式进行常规教学,并根据二年来开发的体育校本课程进行个案研究。本文试图通过对其开发过程及学习效果进行研究分析,力求从理论和实践两个方面出发,对格致中学体育校本课程进行实验研究。一方面,从理论上明确阐释校本课程开发产生的背景和历史轨迹,探讨校本课程开发的基本理念和价值,通过对校本课程开发及其相关概念的解释,界定本研究中校本课程开发的概念,进一步明确校本课程开发的理念。另一方面,在实践的基础上,以格致中学开展体育校本课程开发为研究对象,着重从理论和实践上对高中体育校本课程开发的操作流程进行了论述:(1)格致中学体育校本课程开发步骤:可行性评估—确定目标与计划—组织和实施—评价与完善。(2)格致中学体育校本课程的实施效果显示:体育校本课程提高了学生的体育技能水平、学生体质增强,学生体会到掌握知识技能的成就感、课堂教学的快乐感以及人际交流的自由感。(3)格致中学教师和学生对体育校本课程学习效果的评价及体育校本课程的主体性评价实验表明,实验班在成绩、兴趣、情感等各方面均明显高于对照班。通过实际案例来体现格致中学体育校本课程的开发、实施、评价过程,并结合教学实践总结经验,找出校本课程开发中出现的问题,期望从中找到可参考的教学模式或案例,以期为上海市的高中体育校本课程的开发提供可借鉴的模式,推动高中体育课程的改革。
The 21st century is an era of knowledge economy, education and learning is the central role of the times, the strategic needs of our country through science and education physical education system reflects the characteristics of the times and with Chinese characteristics. How to speed up the physical education curriculum reform and development, comprehensive promotion of quality education the pace of how to deepen the reform school, the school may vary due to the development of sports school-based curriculum, the school has become the subject of physical education reform.
I learned through interviews and surveys, some secondary schools in Shanghai and opened a sports and fitness courses related to school-based curriculum, at the same time, the survey also showed that the current Shanghai high school sports school-based curriculum of the actual situation there is actually no name. Although the majority of the High School are exploring the development of school-based curriculum, but the practice is basically to use their experience, no clear ideas or technology support. Sports and fitness in school-based curriculum development process also the lack of an effective model and case.
In view of this, this study based on the Shanghai Gezhi Middle School, select a high-grade class of 354 people, school-based physical education curriculum development; Grade 11-year 499 people-control classes, the traditional teaching model to conventional teaching, and in accordance with the 2002 to develop Sports school-based curriculum of a case study. I tried to study their development process and the effects of research and analysis, from the theory and practice to the point of the two, Gezhi school-based curriculum for middle school sports Experimental Research. On the one hand, in theory clearly explained the school-based curriculum development and historical background of the track, school-based curriculum development of the basic concepts and values, through school-based curriculum development and related interpretation of the concept, defined in this study the concept of school-based curriculum development, further Clearly the concept of school-based curriculum development. On the other hand, on the basis of practice, to Gezhi school sports in school-based curriculum development for the study, focusing on theory and practice of high school sports school-based curriculum development of the operational procedures were discussed. (1) Gezhi school sports school-based curriculum development steps: - determine the feasibility assessment of goals and plans and implementation——evaluation and improvement. (2) Gezhi school sports school-based curriculum implementation of the results showed that: To improve the students of sports skills and enhance their physique of students, enriching the campus culture and environmental construction, so that students master knowledge and skills to understand the sense of achievement, sense of the joy of teaching and interpersonal The free exchange of flu. (3) Gezhi secondary school teachers and students of sports school-based curriculum and learning assessment of the main sports school-based curriculum evaluation of experiments show that results in the experimental classes, interests, feelings, and other areas were significantly higher than those in control classes. Finally, to reflect the actual case Gezhi school sports school-based curriculum development, implementation, evaluation process, combined with teaching practice sum up experiences, find out school-based curriculum development of the emerging issues, can expect to find reference to the teaching mode or case, with a view to Shanghai City high school sports school-based curriculum development to provide reference model, promoting high school physical education curriculum reform.
本文通过访谈和调查了解到,上海市部分中学开设了与体育与健身课程相关的校本课程,同时,调查也显示,目前上海市高中体育校本课程的实际情况是有其名而无其实。虽然大多数的高级中学都在探索开发校本课程,但这些实践基本上是凭经验,没有明确理念或技术的支持。在体育与健身校本课程开发过程中也缺乏有效的参考模式和案例。
有鉴于此,本研究立足于上海市格致中学,选取高一年级354人为实验班,进行体育校本课程开发教学;高二年级499人为对照班,以传统教学模式进行常规教学,并根据二年来开发的体育校本课程进行个案研究。本文试图通过对其开发过程及学习效果进行研究分析,力求从理论和实践两个方面出发,对格致中学体育校本课程进行实验研究。一方面,从理论上明确阐释校本课程开发产生的背景和历史轨迹,探讨校本课程开发的基本理念和价值,通过对校本课程开发及其相关概念的解释,界定本研究中校本课程开发的概念,进一步明确校本课程开发的理念。另一方面,在实践的基础上,以格致中学开展体育校本课程开发为研究对象,着重从理论和实践上对高中体育校本课程开发的操作流程进行了论述:(1)格致中学体育校本课程开发步骤:可行性评估—确定目标与计划—组织和实施—评价与完善。(2)格致中学体育校本课程的实施效果显示:体育校本课程提高了学生的体育技能水平、学生体质增强,学生体会到掌握知识技能的成就感、课堂教学的快乐感以及人际交流的自由感。(3)格致中学教师和学生对体育校本课程学习效果的评价及体育校本课程的主体性评价实验表明,实验班在成绩、兴趣、情感等各方面均明显高于对照班。通过实际案例来体现格致中学体育校本课程的开发、实施、评价过程,并结合教学实践总结经验,找出校本课程开发中出现的问题,期望从中找到可参考的教学模式或案例,以期为上海市的高中体育校本课程的开发提供可借鉴的模式,推动高中体育课程的改革。
The 21st century is an era of knowledge economy, education and learning is the central role of the times, the strategic needs of our country through science and education physical education system reflects the characteristics of the times and with Chinese characteristics. How to speed up the physical education curriculum reform and development, comprehensive promotion of quality education the pace of how to deepen the reform school, the school may vary due to the development of sports school-based curriculum, the school has become the subject of physical education reform.
I learned through interviews and surveys, some secondary schools in Shanghai and opened a sports and fitness courses related to school-based curriculum, at the same time, the survey also showed that the current Shanghai high school sports school-based curriculum of the actual situation there is actually no name. Although the majority of the High School are exploring the development of school-based curriculum, but the practice is basically to use their experience, no clear ideas or technology support. Sports and fitness in school-based curriculum development process also the lack of an effective model and case.
In view of this, this study based on the Shanghai Gezhi Middle School, select a high-grade class of 354 people, school-based physical education curriculum development; Grade 11-year 499 people-control classes, the traditional teaching model to conventional teaching, and in accordance with the 2002 to develop Sports school-based curriculum of a case study. I tried to study their development process and the effects of research and analysis, from the theory and practice to the point of the two, Gezhi school-based curriculum for middle school sports Experimental Research. On the one hand, in theory clearly explained the school-based curriculum development and historical background of the track, school-based curriculum development of the basic concepts and values, through school-based curriculum development and related interpretation of the concept, defined in this study the concept of school-based curriculum development, further Clearly the concept of school-based curriculum development. On the other hand, on the basis of practice, to Gezhi school sports in school-based curriculum development for the study, focusing on theory and practice of high school sports school-based curriculum development of the operational procedures were discussed. (1) Gezhi school sports school-based curriculum development steps: - determine the feasibility assessment of goals and plans and implementation——evaluation and improvement. (2) Gezhi school sports school-based curriculum implementation of the results showed that: To improve the students of sports skills and enhance their physique of students, enriching the campus culture and environmental construction, so that students master knowledge and skills to understand the sense of achievement, sense of the joy of teaching and interpersonal The free exchange of flu. (3) Gezhi secondary school teachers and students of sports school-based curriculum and learning assessment of the main sports school-based curriculum evaluation of experiments show that results in the experimental classes, interests, feelings, and other areas were significantly higher than those in control classes. Finally, to reflect the actual case Gezhi school sports school-based curriculum development, implementation, evaluation process, combined with teaching practice sum up experiences, find out school-based curriculum development of the emerging issues, can expect to find reference to the teaching mode or case, with a view to Shanghai City high school sports school-based curriculum development to provide reference model, promoting high school physical education curriculum reform.
引文
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