水利风景区景观设计研究
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摘要
从2001年提出水利风景区的概念到今天,我国国家水利风景区已达到272家,省级水利风景区达到1000个,我国水利风景区建设正在驶入快车道。但关于水利风景区景观设计的理论比较少,理论的研究滞后于实际的建设。致使各地情况不一,认识各异,缺乏统一规划、正确指导,出现了一些事与愿违的情况。因此,针对水利风景区的景观研究显得很有必要。
本论文采用文献阅读与分析、实地考察与调研、归纳分析与总结的研究方法,在结合对山东省部分有代表性的水利风景区的景观现状分析和行为心理学、建筑学、景观设计、园林设计等相关学科的理论指导基础上,对水利风景区的景观设计问题进行了较为详细的探讨:
首先简要介绍了水利风景区的概念及相关概念,说明了水利风景区的建设模式,以及其产生、发展的历史。对水利风景区的大体情况有了一个相对详细的了解,发展水利风景区应从生态角度出发,使人为能动性和水利工程相结合,将地理、人文、经济等综合因素融进水体的自然环境属性,实现最佳的社会、经济效益。接着分析了目前水利风景区中主要存在:传统文化保护不够,缺乏对生态环境影响的动态性、长远性研究,植物景观比例较少,大众行为考虑不足,景观缺乏意境营造,照明设施不当,管理措施不够完善,宣传力度不大等几大问题。这些问题的出现不是简单的忽视,还有一些深层次的背后原因。对这些问题分析有助于我们找到解决问题的答案,使水利风景区真正成为人们向往的、自由的、安全的、活泼的空间。
其次,从生态和美化环境、游憩和景观、陶冶情操和科教、经济和增进社会效益等方面分析了水利风景区的功能及特性,点明了建设水利风景区的意义。水利风景区具有多方面的功能,已不仅仅局限于水利工程的基本功能,其功能的多样性来源于丰富多彩的活动和人们对生活及环境观念的现代化。水利风景区作为新兴的一种风景区设计,既实现了除害兴利等基本功能,又可以作为观光区和休闲区,使环境得到优化改善,也促进了旅游业的发展。
再次,探讨了水利风景区可持续发展和人水和谐的开发原则和景观设计原则,主要有:人性化、文脉化、个性化、艺术化、生态化的五化原则。水利风景区的景观设计要把握好设计原则,在满足游人的使用和欣赏要求外,还可以为地区景观增色添彩,增强凝聚力和竞争力。
接着,从水利风景区的构成要素和控制要素方面,探讨了景观设计方法。并通过对山东省国家水利风景区的景观进行分析,然后结合山东省水利风景区景观的现状提出了水利风景区景观设计对策,希望能对水利风景区的景观设计与建设产生一些有价值的指导。
最后,水利风景区的景观设计是一个动态的过程,在不同时期和不同经济发展水平,人们对水利风景区景观的要求会不断地发展变化,因此,需要我们不断地总结经验,不断地完善和更新我们的水利风景区规划和景观设计理论,以提高水利风景区景观设计的理论水平和经验积累。
Since the concept of Water Scenic Area was proposed in 2001, our National Water Scenic Area has reached 272, the provincial Water Scenic Area reached 1000, Construction of Chinese water scenic area is fast. But the theory on the water scenic area's landscape design is relatively small, and theoretical research is behind the actual construction. There have been some contrary situation because of different conditions in various parts,and lack of unified planning and correct guidance. Therefore, the study on landscape design of Water Scenic Area is necessary.
This paper' research methods are literature reading and analysis , an on-site inspection and investigation, analysis and summary. This paper base on the theoretical guidance of psychology, architecture landscape design, other related disciplines and with the analysis of Shandong province National Water Scenic Area's landscape design .this paper do a more detailed study on the the Water Scenic Area's landscape design.
First of all ,the paper briefly introduced the concept of Water Scenic Area and related scenic concept that the construction of a water resources scenic mode, as well as its emergence and development of history, we can have a relatively detailed understanding of the Water Scenic Area on the whole.Development of water should be on the point of scenic ecological view. In order to achieving the best social and economic benefits,the designing should make people and projects for the initiative combination of geographical, cultural, economic and other factors integrated into the influent of the attributes of the natural environment. Then the paper analyzes the questions of the current Water Scenic Area : inadequate protection of traditional culture, the lack of impact on the ecological environment of dynamic, far-sighted study, the proportion of the landscape less of the public consider inadequate, the lack of landscape create a mood, lighting facilities improper management measure is not perfect enough, and so little publicity . The emergence of these problems is not a simple neglect, there are still some deep-seated reasons. Analysis of these issues will help us find a solution to the answer to the question, making the water scenic area really become longing, free, safe and lively space.
Secondly, the paper analyzes features and characteristics of the water scenic area such as: the ecological and beautify the environment, recreation and landscape, character cultivation and science, education, and promoting social and economic. Water Scenic Area has many scenic features, is not limited to the basic functions of water conservancy projects, from the diversity of its functions variety of activities and people's life and environment concepts modernization. Water Scenic Area as a new scenic design, we realized it not only can eliminate hazards,but also be used as tourist areas and recreational areas improving the environment promoting the development of tourism.
Then, the paper reffers to the sustainable development of water resources and principles of harmonious coexistence between man and water . Water Scenic Area's five principles of landscape design are: humanity, context, personalized, artistic, and ecology. Water scenic landscape design should well grasp design principles.On the time of meeting the visitors' requirements and appreciate, we can spice in the landscape to enhance cohesion and competitiveness.
Forth, analyzing the method of landscape design from the scenic elements and control elements. Then the paper proposed National Water Scenic Area's landscape designing countermeasures by analying Shandong province's National Water Scenic Area. The writer hope these designing conservancy to scenic landscape design and construction make some valuable guidance.
Finally, the Water Scenic Area's landscape design is a dynamic process, people's scenic landscape irrigation requirements will continue to develop and change, at different times and different levels of economic development. Therefore, we need to constantly sum up experience and constantly improve and update our water planning and scenic landscape design theory, to improving water scenic landscape design theory and the level of accumulated experience.
本论文采用文献阅读与分析、实地考察与调研、归纳分析与总结的研究方法,在结合对山东省部分有代表性的水利风景区的景观现状分析和行为心理学、建筑学、景观设计、园林设计等相关学科的理论指导基础上,对水利风景区的景观设计问题进行了较为详细的探讨:
首先简要介绍了水利风景区的概念及相关概念,说明了水利风景区的建设模式,以及其产生、发展的历史。对水利风景区的大体情况有了一个相对详细的了解,发展水利风景区应从生态角度出发,使人为能动性和水利工程相结合,将地理、人文、经济等综合因素融进水体的自然环境属性,实现最佳的社会、经济效益。接着分析了目前水利风景区中主要存在:传统文化保护不够,缺乏对生态环境影响的动态性、长远性研究,植物景观比例较少,大众行为考虑不足,景观缺乏意境营造,照明设施不当,管理措施不够完善,宣传力度不大等几大问题。这些问题的出现不是简单的忽视,还有一些深层次的背后原因。对这些问题分析有助于我们找到解决问题的答案,使水利风景区真正成为人们向往的、自由的、安全的、活泼的空间。
其次,从生态和美化环境、游憩和景观、陶冶情操和科教、经济和增进社会效益等方面分析了水利风景区的功能及特性,点明了建设水利风景区的意义。水利风景区具有多方面的功能,已不仅仅局限于水利工程的基本功能,其功能的多样性来源于丰富多彩的活动和人们对生活及环境观念的现代化。水利风景区作为新兴的一种风景区设计,既实现了除害兴利等基本功能,又可以作为观光区和休闲区,使环境得到优化改善,也促进了旅游业的发展。
再次,探讨了水利风景区可持续发展和人水和谐的开发原则和景观设计原则,主要有:人性化、文脉化、个性化、艺术化、生态化的五化原则。水利风景区的景观设计要把握好设计原则,在满足游人的使用和欣赏要求外,还可以为地区景观增色添彩,增强凝聚力和竞争力。
接着,从水利风景区的构成要素和控制要素方面,探讨了景观设计方法。并通过对山东省国家水利风景区的景观进行分析,然后结合山东省水利风景区景观的现状提出了水利风景区景观设计对策,希望能对水利风景区的景观设计与建设产生一些有价值的指导。
最后,水利风景区的景观设计是一个动态的过程,在不同时期和不同经济发展水平,人们对水利风景区景观的要求会不断地发展变化,因此,需要我们不断地总结经验,不断地完善和更新我们的水利风景区规划和景观设计理论,以提高水利风景区景观设计的理论水平和经验积累。
Since the concept of Water Scenic Area was proposed in 2001, our National Water Scenic Area has reached 272, the provincial Water Scenic Area reached 1000, Construction of Chinese water scenic area is fast. But the theory on the water scenic area's landscape design is relatively small, and theoretical research is behind the actual construction. There have been some contrary situation because of different conditions in various parts,and lack of unified planning and correct guidance. Therefore, the study on landscape design of Water Scenic Area is necessary.
This paper' research methods are literature reading and analysis , an on-site inspection and investigation, analysis and summary. This paper base on the theoretical guidance of psychology, architecture landscape design, other related disciplines and with the analysis of Shandong province National Water Scenic Area's landscape design .this paper do a more detailed study on the the Water Scenic Area's landscape design.
First of all ,the paper briefly introduced the concept of Water Scenic Area and related scenic concept that the construction of a water resources scenic mode, as well as its emergence and development of history, we can have a relatively detailed understanding of the Water Scenic Area on the whole.Development of water should be on the point of scenic ecological view. In order to achieving the best social and economic benefits,the designing should make people and projects for the initiative combination of geographical, cultural, economic and other factors integrated into the influent of the attributes of the natural environment. Then the paper analyzes the questions of the current Water Scenic Area : inadequate protection of traditional culture, the lack of impact on the ecological environment of dynamic, far-sighted study, the proportion of the landscape less of the public consider inadequate, the lack of landscape create a mood, lighting facilities improper management measure is not perfect enough, and so little publicity . The emergence of these problems is not a simple neglect, there are still some deep-seated reasons. Analysis of these issues will help us find a solution to the answer to the question, making the water scenic area really become longing, free, safe and lively space.
Secondly, the paper analyzes features and characteristics of the water scenic area such as: the ecological and beautify the environment, recreation and landscape, character cultivation and science, education, and promoting social and economic. Water Scenic Area has many scenic features, is not limited to the basic functions of water conservancy projects, from the diversity of its functions variety of activities and people's life and environment concepts modernization. Water Scenic Area as a new scenic design, we realized it not only can eliminate hazards,but also be used as tourist areas and recreational areas improving the environment promoting the development of tourism.
Then, the paper reffers to the sustainable development of water resources and principles of harmonious coexistence between man and water . Water Scenic Area's five principles of landscape design are: humanity, context, personalized, artistic, and ecology. Water scenic landscape design should well grasp design principles.On the time of meeting the visitors' requirements and appreciate, we can spice in the landscape to enhance cohesion and competitiveness.
Forth, analyzing the method of landscape design from the scenic elements and control elements. Then the paper proposed National Water Scenic Area's landscape designing countermeasures by analying Shandong province's National Water Scenic Area. The writer hope these designing conservancy to scenic landscape design and construction make some valuable guidance.
Finally, the Water Scenic Area's landscape design is a dynamic process, people's scenic landscape irrigation requirements will continue to develop and change, at different times and different levels of economic development. Therefore, we need to constantly sum up experience and constantly improve and update our water planning and scenic landscape design theory, to improving water scenic landscape design theory and the level of accumulated experience.
引文
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