基于GPRS技术的远程无线自动电能抄表系统的设计
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摘要
我国现代化建设事业的高速发展推动了企业数量的快速增长,对能源特别是电能的需求也越来越大,同时使得电力部门的电能表抄表的工作量和工作强度大大地增加。为了从根本上克服传统人工抄表模式的弊端,各国都纷纷研究远程自动抄表技术并且取得了巨大的成功。自动抄表技术(Automatic Meter Reading)是利用单片机等控制单元将数据采集、传输和处理应用于自来水、电力、煤气(以下简称“三表”)供应与管理系统中的一项新技术。我国对自动抄表技术的研究起步比较晚,但是发展很快。随着对自来水、电力、煤气供应管理方式改革的不断深化和行业自动化推进速度的不断加快,对远程智能抄表技术的研究在不久的将来必会成为热点。
电子技术、纳米级的IC制造技术、无线网络技术和嵌入式操作系统等嵌入式技术快速发展,并且已经广泛地应用到仪器仪表、汽车电子、消费电子、网络设备、移动计算存储等领域。伴随着这些新技术的发展,出现了一种新型的无线网络——通用分组无线业务(General Packet RadioService,简称为GPRS)网络。GPRS网络作为新的通讯方式,具有实时在线、高速传输、快速登陆、按流量收费、支持IP协议和X.25协议等优点。利用GPRS进行远程自动抄表使得抄表变得更加快捷、高效。
在此背景下,本文提出并设计了基于GPRS网络技术的远程自动抄表系统。本系统采用TI公司的数字模拟混合信号处理器MSP430F149和SIMCOM公司生产的SIM300C型号的GPRS模块作为硬件平台。利用RS485串行通讯接口采集多功能电能表各电表参数,然后通过GPRS网络把采集到的各种数据传输到远程管理计算机并存储,以此实现电能表的远程抄表。
文中,首先介绍了当前国内外自动抄表技术发展的现状,并分析了几种广泛使用的自动抄表系统的原理及系统组成,介绍了不同的数据传输通讯方式的优缺点,GPRS网络原理和结构;然后详细介绍了基于GPRS网络技术的远程自动抄表系统的硬件方案和设计电路;最后详细介绍了抄表终端的软件实现和服务器管理软件的设计。
High-speed development of our country' project of modernization drives the number of enterprise to fast increment, so demand of power especially electricity becomes more and more important. At the same time, it increases workload and working strength of electricity metering of electric power department. In order to conquer shortcomings of traditional manual meter reading mode, a lot of countries are researching remote automatic meter reading system and obtain great success. Automatic meter reading is a new technology which applies data acquisition, transmission and processing to water, power, and gas' supply and management. Research of automatic meter reading technology in our country is rather late, but development is very fast. With management revolution in the water, power, gas management and ceaselessly advancing industry automation, the automatic meter reading research is becoming a trend.
Electronic technology, nanometer level IC manufacture technology, wireless network technology and embedded operating system develop fast and widely applied to meters, automobile electronic, consumption electronic, net equipment, mobile compete storage fields. With those new technologies development, a new type of wireless network (General Packet Radio Service) appears. As a new communication mode, GPRS network has real-time on-line, fast transmission, quick log on, paid according to flux of net data, supported IP protocol and X.25 protocol merits. Automatic meter reading will become more fast and high efficiency.
In this background, we advanced and designed a remote automatic metering system, which base on GPRS net technology. The system introduces TI' s MSP430F149 and SIMCOM' s GPRS module-SIM300C as hardware platform. By RS485 serial communication port, it collects parameters of multi-function energy meter, and transmits them to the remote management computer by the GPRS network, and preserves these parameters in the database.
This paper introduces status in quo of development at home and abroad, and analyzes some automatic meter reading system' s principle and constitution, and introduces advantages and disadvantages of different data transmission mode,principle and structure of GPRS at first; and then introduces hardware scheme and designed circuit of remote automatic meter reading system, which based on GPRS network technology in detail; at last introduces software realization of metering terminal and design of server management software.
电子技术、纳米级的IC制造技术、无线网络技术和嵌入式操作系统等嵌入式技术快速发展,并且已经广泛地应用到仪器仪表、汽车电子、消费电子、网络设备、移动计算存储等领域。伴随着这些新技术的发展,出现了一种新型的无线网络——通用分组无线业务(General Packet RadioService,简称为GPRS)网络。GPRS网络作为新的通讯方式,具有实时在线、高速传输、快速登陆、按流量收费、支持IP协议和X.25协议等优点。利用GPRS进行远程自动抄表使得抄表变得更加快捷、高效。
在此背景下,本文提出并设计了基于GPRS网络技术的远程自动抄表系统。本系统采用TI公司的数字模拟混合信号处理器MSP430F149和SIMCOM公司生产的SIM300C型号的GPRS模块作为硬件平台。利用RS485串行通讯接口采集多功能电能表各电表参数,然后通过GPRS网络把采集到的各种数据传输到远程管理计算机并存储,以此实现电能表的远程抄表。
文中,首先介绍了当前国内外自动抄表技术发展的现状,并分析了几种广泛使用的自动抄表系统的原理及系统组成,介绍了不同的数据传输通讯方式的优缺点,GPRS网络原理和结构;然后详细介绍了基于GPRS网络技术的远程自动抄表系统的硬件方案和设计电路;最后详细介绍了抄表终端的软件实现和服务器管理软件的设计。
High-speed development of our country' project of modernization drives the number of enterprise to fast increment, so demand of power especially electricity becomes more and more important. At the same time, it increases workload and working strength of electricity metering of electric power department. In order to conquer shortcomings of traditional manual meter reading mode, a lot of countries are researching remote automatic meter reading system and obtain great success. Automatic meter reading is a new technology which applies data acquisition, transmission and processing to water, power, and gas' supply and management. Research of automatic meter reading technology in our country is rather late, but development is very fast. With management revolution in the water, power, gas management and ceaselessly advancing industry automation, the automatic meter reading research is becoming a trend.
Electronic technology, nanometer level IC manufacture technology, wireless network technology and embedded operating system develop fast and widely applied to meters, automobile electronic, consumption electronic, net equipment, mobile compete storage fields. With those new technologies development, a new type of wireless network (General Packet Radio Service) appears. As a new communication mode, GPRS network has real-time on-line, fast transmission, quick log on, paid according to flux of net data, supported IP protocol and X.25 protocol merits. Automatic meter reading will become more fast and high efficiency.
In this background, we advanced and designed a remote automatic metering system, which base on GPRS net technology. The system introduces TI' s MSP430F149 and SIMCOM' s GPRS module-SIM300C as hardware platform. By RS485 serial communication port, it collects parameters of multi-function energy meter, and transmits them to the remote management computer by the GPRS network, and preserves these parameters in the database.
This paper introduces status in quo of development at home and abroad, and analyzes some automatic meter reading system' s principle and constitution, and introduces advantages and disadvantages of different data transmission mode,principle and structure of GPRS at first; and then introduces hardware scheme and designed circuit of remote automatic meter reading system, which based on GPRS network technology in detail; at last introduces software realization of metering terminal and design of server management software.
引文
[1]施仁,刘文江,郑辑光编,自动化仪表与过程控制(第3版)[M],北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[2]姚力,GPRS网络电能表系统的构想及应用[J],浙江电力,2005(5):41
[3]孙鸣,吴珏,基于TC45模块的GPRS无线抄表系统[J],电子技术应用,2005(6):29
[4]World Electricity Meter Report Ed 6 2007,Database & Directory[C]
[5]Rappaport T S.Wireless Communications Principle and Practice Upper Saddle River(NJ):Prentice Hall Inc.,1996
[6]JanAxelson,串行端口大全[M],北京中国电力出版社,2001
[7]周静,舒乃秋,裴春明等,MSC1210的GPRS无线通信系统设计[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006(2):65
[8]韩晓萍,邵宏强,李佰国,GPRS技术在电力远程抄表系统中的应用[J],电子测量与仪器学报,2005,19(4):81
[9]陈红华,王文骐等,基于GSM的GPRS实现方案研究[J],通信技术,2001:23-24
[10]牛斗,曲广强,曲洁等,基于GPRS的电力系统远程监控设计与研究[J],电子测量技术,2006,29(5):167
[11]Novato Wireless Inc.,GPRS Technology Overview,Novato Wireless Inc.,Nov.,2002
[12]李平均,申健,范威,给予GPRS网络的单片机的Internet接入[J],微电子学与计算机,2006,23(3):34-35
[13]钟章队,蒋文怡,李红君等,GPRS通用分组无线业务[M],北京:人民邮电出版社,2003
[14]Agilent Technologies Inc.,Understanding GPRS Technology[M],Agilent Technologies,Inc.,Nov.,2002
[15]Samjani,S.,Mudawal,D.,Anticipatory approach at the MSR level in GPRS architecture,Personal Wireless Communication[C],2005,ICPWC 2005,2005 IEEE International Conference on,23-25 Jan.:188-191
[16]Bettstetter C.,Vogel H.J.,Eberspacher J.,GSM phase 2+ General Package Radio Service GPRS:Architecture,protocols and air interface[J],IEICE Transactions on Communications,2000,Vol.E83-2,No.2:117-118
[17]Kennedy,K.,Van Luipen,B.,Interference effects of GPRS on a GSM network[C],Vehicular Technology Conference,1999.VTC 1999-Fall.IEEE VTS 50th,Volume 4,19-22 Sept.1999:2087-2091
[18]张涛,GPRS技术在无线远程抄表中的应用研究[学位论文],武汉理工大学机电工程学院,武汉理工大学,2005
[19]ETSI,Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase 2+):Logical Link Control (LLC)(GSM 04.64 version 6.4.0 Release 1997)
[20]韩斌杰,GPRS原理及其网络优化,北京:机械工业出版社,2003:6-97
[21]王晓东,GPRS技术及其应用[J],武警学院学报,2004,20(5)
[22]康华光,电子技术基础,模拟部分(第4版)[M],北京:高等教育出版社,1999
[23]王田苗,嵌入式系统设计与实例开发(第2版)[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[24]胡大可,MSP430系列FLASH型超低功耗16位单片机[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2001:3-7
[25]MSP430x13x,MSP430x14x,MSP430X14X1 mixed signal microcontroller[M],Texas Instruments Inc.,2004
[26]胡大可,MSP430系列超低功耗16位单片机原理与应用[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2000
[27]魏小龙,MSP430系列单片机接口技术及系统设计实例,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[28]SIMCOM Inc.,SIM300C Hardware Interface Description[M],V1.02,2006
[29]DT(S)SD318型三相四(三)线多功能电能表操作手册,吉林永大集团电表有限公司
[30]DL/T 645-1997《多功能电能表通信规约》,中华人民共和国电力工业部,1998
[31]SIMCOM Inc.,SIM300 AT Commands Set,V1.06,2006
[32]SIMCOM Inc.,TCP/IP Application Notes,V1.01,2005
[33]中文Visual Basic 6.0程序设计教程[M],李光明,北京:冶金工业出版社,2002:347-356
[34]G H Asssemzadeh S,Jnan R,RICE C,et al.A Statistical Pass Loss Model for In Home Channels[A].IEEE U W BST[C].2002:59-64
[35]刘炳文,Visual Basic程序设计教程(第3版)[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[36]吕捷,GPRS技术[M],北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2001
[37]谭浩强,C语言程序设计(第2版),北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[38]胡大可,MSP430系列单片机C语言程序设计与开发[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[2]姚力,GPRS网络电能表系统的构想及应用[J],浙江电力,2005(5):41
[3]孙鸣,吴珏,基于TC45模块的GPRS无线抄表系统[J],电子技术应用,2005(6):29
[4]World Electricity Meter Report Ed 6 2007,Database & Directory[C]
[5]Rappaport T S.Wireless Communications Principle and Practice Upper Saddle River(NJ):Prentice Hall Inc.,1996
[6]JanAxelson,串行端口大全[M],北京中国电力出版社,2001
[7]周静,舒乃秋,裴春明等,MSC1210的GPRS无线通信系统设计[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006(2):65
[8]韩晓萍,邵宏强,李佰国,GPRS技术在电力远程抄表系统中的应用[J],电子测量与仪器学报,2005,19(4):81
[9]陈红华,王文骐等,基于GSM的GPRS实现方案研究[J],通信技术,2001:23-24
[10]牛斗,曲广强,曲洁等,基于GPRS的电力系统远程监控设计与研究[J],电子测量技术,2006,29(5):167
[11]Novato Wireless Inc.,GPRS Technology Overview,Novato Wireless Inc.,Nov.,2002
[12]李平均,申健,范威,给予GPRS网络的单片机的Internet接入[J],微电子学与计算机,2006,23(3):34-35
[13]钟章队,蒋文怡,李红君等,GPRS通用分组无线业务[M],北京:人民邮电出版社,2003
[14]Agilent Technologies Inc.,Understanding GPRS Technology[M],Agilent Technologies,Inc.,Nov.,2002
[15]Samjani,S.,Mudawal,D.,Anticipatory approach at the MSR level in GPRS architecture,Personal Wireless Communication[C],2005,ICPWC 2005,2005 IEEE International Conference on,23-25 Jan.:188-191
[16]Bettstetter C.,Vogel H.J.,Eberspacher J.,GSM phase 2+ General Package Radio Service GPRS:Architecture,protocols and air interface[J],IEICE Transactions on Communications,2000,Vol.E83-2,No.2:117-118
[17]Kennedy,K.,Van Luipen,B.,Interference effects of GPRS on a GSM network[C],Vehicular Technology Conference,1999.VTC 1999-Fall.IEEE VTS 50th,Volume 4,19-22 Sept.1999:2087-2091
[18]张涛,GPRS技术在无线远程抄表中的应用研究[学位论文],武汉理工大学机电工程学院,武汉理工大学,2005
[19]ETSI,Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase 2+):Logical Link Control (LLC)(GSM 04.64 version 6.4.0 Release 1997)
[20]韩斌杰,GPRS原理及其网络优化,北京:机械工业出版社,2003:6-97
[21]王晓东,GPRS技术及其应用[J],武警学院学报,2004,20(5)
[22]康华光,电子技术基础,模拟部分(第4版)[M],北京:高等教育出版社,1999
[23]王田苗,嵌入式系统设计与实例开发(第2版)[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[24]胡大可,MSP430系列FLASH型超低功耗16位单片机[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2001:3-7
[25]MSP430x13x,MSP430x14x,MSP430X14X1 mixed signal microcontroller[M],Texas Instruments Inc.,2004
[26]胡大可,MSP430系列超低功耗16位单片机原理与应用[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2000
[27]魏小龙,MSP430系列单片机接口技术及系统设计实例,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[28]SIMCOM Inc.,SIM300C Hardware Interface Description[M],V1.02,2006
[29]DT(S)SD318型三相四(三)线多功能电能表操作手册,吉林永大集团电表有限公司
[30]DL/T 645-1997《多功能电能表通信规约》,中华人民共和国电力工业部,1998
[31]SIMCOM Inc.,SIM300 AT Commands Set,V1.06,2006
[32]SIMCOM Inc.,TCP/IP Application Notes,V1.01,2005
[33]中文Visual Basic 6.0程序设计教程[M],李光明,北京:冶金工业出版社,2002:347-356
[34]G H Asssemzadeh S,Jnan R,RICE C,et al.A Statistical Pass Loss Model for In Home Channels[A].IEEE U W BST[C].2002:59-64
[35]刘炳文,Visual Basic程序设计教程(第3版)[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2006
[36]吕捷,GPRS技术[M],北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2001
[37]谭浩强,C语言程序设计(第2版),北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[38]胡大可,MSP430系列单片机C语言程序设计与开发[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
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