氢燃料发动机电控EGR系统的研究与开发
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摘要
氢燃料发动机在能源和环境方面的优势,得到各国的重视。本文为解决氢燃料发动机NOx排放问题,分析了EGR系统控制NOx排放的机理,研究开发了氢燃料发动机电控EGR系统,对控制氢燃料发动机NOx排放具有重要的现实意义。
本文在分析EGR系统方案的前提下,确定了氢燃料发动机EGR系统的总体设计方案,选定了传感器和EGR阀,分析了电控系统的主要功能,并基于GT-POWER仿真软件对氢燃料发动机进行了仿真,对采用EGR技术后发动机的排放性能进行了预测,结果表明:NOx排放明显降低。在此基础上,以16位微控制器MC9S12DP512为核心器件,设计了电控单元,包括时钟、复位、系统电源、信号处理、通信及驱动等电路,开发了ECU电路板和驱动电路板。在控制软件部分,采用分层设计和模块化思想,编写了控制软件,包括初始化模块、信号采集模块、逻辑控制模块、驱动控制模块、通信模块等五个功能模块,实现了电控EGR系统的控制任务。在监控系统设计方面,采用LabVIEW图形化编程软件搭建了监控系统平台,并基于RS232串行数据通信模式,实现了ECU与上位机监控平台之间的数据交换,实现了数据的实时动态监测、显示和存储。
电控EGR系统调试实验结果表明:电控系统能够准确地完成信号采集、输出驱动、串口通信及上位机监控等功能;EGR阀驱动系统特性研究结果表明:EGR阀驱动系统满足系统要求。
Because of the advantages of energy and environment, many countries are actively developing hydrogen fueled engine. In order to solve the problem of NOx emissions on hydrogen fueled engine, the principle of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in controlling the NOx emissions is analyzed. Electronically controlled EGR system, which is very important for control of NOx emission on hydrogen fueled engine, is researched and developed.
In this paper, the scheme of EGR system is first analyzed. A total design scheme of hydrogen fueled engine is worked out. Sensors and EGR valve are decided. Then main functions of electronic control system are analyzed. Based on software GT-POWER, hydrogen fueled engine is simulated, and emissions performance of the engine after used EGR system is predicted. The results indicate that NOx emissions are reduced markedly. In this paper, MC9S12DP512 16 bits micro controller unit is the most important part of the system. Electronic control unit is designed, including clock circuit, reset circuit, power supply circuit, signal processing circuit, communication circuit and driven circuit. PCB board of electronic control unit and PCB board of driven circuit are developed. According to the idea of hierarchical and modular design, the development of control software is divided into five functional modules, including initialization module, signal acquiring module, logic control module, driver module and serial communication module. And control tasks of electronic control system are achieved. Related to software design of monitor system, software LabVIEW of graph design tool is used. Based on RS232 serial communication standard, the data transmission between computer and ECU is achieved, and real-time control, display and storage of data is completed.
The test of electronic control EGR system has been carried out and the results show that the basal functions of ECU are achieved. It can acquire signals from sensors, communicate with computer and drive EGR valve. The result of the drive characteristic test shows that EGR valve driving system satisfy system requirement.
本文在分析EGR系统方案的前提下,确定了氢燃料发动机EGR系统的总体设计方案,选定了传感器和EGR阀,分析了电控系统的主要功能,并基于GT-POWER仿真软件对氢燃料发动机进行了仿真,对采用EGR技术后发动机的排放性能进行了预测,结果表明:NOx排放明显降低。在此基础上,以16位微控制器MC9S12DP512为核心器件,设计了电控单元,包括时钟、复位、系统电源、信号处理、通信及驱动等电路,开发了ECU电路板和驱动电路板。在控制软件部分,采用分层设计和模块化思想,编写了控制软件,包括初始化模块、信号采集模块、逻辑控制模块、驱动控制模块、通信模块等五个功能模块,实现了电控EGR系统的控制任务。在监控系统设计方面,采用LabVIEW图形化编程软件搭建了监控系统平台,并基于RS232串行数据通信模式,实现了ECU与上位机监控平台之间的数据交换,实现了数据的实时动态监测、显示和存储。
电控EGR系统调试实验结果表明:电控系统能够准确地完成信号采集、输出驱动、串口通信及上位机监控等功能;EGR阀驱动系统特性研究结果表明:EGR阀驱动系统满足系统要求。
Because of the advantages of energy and environment, many countries are actively developing hydrogen fueled engine. In order to solve the problem of NOx emissions on hydrogen fueled engine, the principle of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in controlling the NOx emissions is analyzed. Electronically controlled EGR system, which is very important for control of NOx emission on hydrogen fueled engine, is researched and developed.
In this paper, the scheme of EGR system is first analyzed. A total design scheme of hydrogen fueled engine is worked out. Sensors and EGR valve are decided. Then main functions of electronic control system are analyzed. Based on software GT-POWER, hydrogen fueled engine is simulated, and emissions performance of the engine after used EGR system is predicted. The results indicate that NOx emissions are reduced markedly. In this paper, MC9S12DP512 16 bits micro controller unit is the most important part of the system. Electronic control unit is designed, including clock circuit, reset circuit, power supply circuit, signal processing circuit, communication circuit and driven circuit. PCB board of electronic control unit and PCB board of driven circuit are developed. According to the idea of hierarchical and modular design, the development of control software is divided into five functional modules, including initialization module, signal acquiring module, logic control module, driver module and serial communication module. And control tasks of electronic control system are achieved. Related to software design of monitor system, software LabVIEW of graph design tool is used. Based on RS232 serial communication standard, the data transmission between computer and ECU is achieved, and real-time control, display and storage of data is completed.
The test of electronic control EGR system has been carried out and the results show that the basal functions of ECU are achieved. It can acquire signals from sensors, communicate with computer and drive EGR valve. The result of the drive characteristic test shows that EGR valve driving system satisfy system requirement.
引文
铩颷1]楚书华,杜天申,郭林松,李径定,古庄浜一.氢发动机性能的改进[J].内燃机,1997,15(1):76-81
[2]王丽君,杨振中.氢燃料内燃机研究新进展[J].拖拉机与农用运输车,2005,(4):89-91
[3]徐正好,杨宗栋,郑康元,常健.氢燃料发动机的应用[J].能源研究与信息,2002,18(4):200-204
[4]黄亚继,张旭.氢能开发和利用的研究[J].能源与环境,2003,(4):33-36
[5]芮鹏,李国岫.氢燃料发动机燃烧与排放控制研究进展[J].柴油机设计与制造,2005,14(4):8-12
[6]周玉明,胡健丽.内燃机的废气再循环技术[J].内燃机,2004,(4):40-44
[7]陈进富,陆绍信,朱亚杰.氢动力车研究与发展现状[J].新能源,1996,18(5):1-7
[8]毛宗强.通向氢能经济的桥梁--从“浅氢”到“全氢”[J].武汉理工大学学报,2006,28(2):6-10
[9]包铁成,付晓光.氢燃料在汽车上的应用[J].小型内燃机,1999,28(2):5-8
[10]杨振中,王丽君,熊树生,李径定.氢发动机排气污染及NOx排放优化控制[J].太阳能学报,2006,27(8):846-851
[11]周奇,倪计民,孟铭,陈源,鹿坚.车用排气再循环系统的发展及应用研究[J].小型内燃机与摩托车,2002,31(2):4-6
[12]周玉明,胡健丽.内燃机废气再循环技术[J].内燃机,2004,(4):40-44
[13]李彩芬,李国岫.柴油机废气再循环技术的应用研究[J].柴油机,2004,(1):20-22
[14]孙巍.废气再循环系统的研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2003:8-11
[15]杨燕南,罗耀.汽车发动机废气再循环系统(EGR)的介绍[J].国外金属加工,2005,26(1):61-64
[16]周冬.发动机EGR系统废气引入量控制技术[J].南通职业大学学报,2004,18(2):21-25
[17]汤碧红,倪计民,周奇,鹿坚.一种新型电控EGR试验系统的设计[J].内燃机工程,2002,23(4):40-42
[18]赵弘志,曹林.CA6102电控汽油机废气再循环性能研究[J].汽车工程,2005,27(2):264-268
[19]曲明辉,张春润,贺宇.采用排气再循环降低柴油机NOx排放[J].柴油机,2000,(5):19-22
[20]曲明辉,贺宇,姚广涛,王秉利,吴良勤.采用废气再循环降低柴油机NOx排放[J].小型内燃机,2000,29(2):29-32
[21]姚春德,何邦全,李万众.高速车用柴油机废气再循环系统[J].小型内燃机与摩托车,2001,30(2):29-32
[22]James W.Heffel.NOx emission and performance data for a hydrogen fueled internalcombustion engine at 1500 rpm using exhaust gas.International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2003,901-908
[23]James W.Heffel.NOx emission reduction in a hydrogen fueled internal combustion engine at3000 rpm using exhaust gas recirculation.International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2003, 1285-1292
铩颷24]V.Subramanian,J.M.Mallikarjuna,A.Ramesh.Intake charge dilution effects on control of nitricoxide emission in a hydrogen fueled SI engine.International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2006,1-14
[25]张多军.GW2.8TDI型轻型车用柴油机电控EGR系统开发[D].吉林:吉林大学,2005:25-26
[26]Helmut Eichlseder,Thomas Wallner,Raymond Freymann,Jürgen Ringler.The Potential ofHydrogen Internal Combustion Engines in a Future Mobility Scenario.SAE paper2003-01-2267
[27]高小娟.柴油机电控共轨系统的控制技术[D].大连:大连理工大学,2005
[28]宋国民,刘学瑜.基于参数自调整PID控制的高压共轨数字凋压系统[J].柴油机,2002,5:25-27
[29]李艳红.直喷式柴油机的特性预测及参数优化[D].江苏大学硕士学位论文.2003
[30]Weiss J.发动机循环模拟在卡车发动机开发中的应用[J].国外内燃机,2004(5):41-43
[31]谢辉.车用柴油机电控开发系统的软,硬件设计及应用[J].汽车工程,1998,20(4):220-227
[32]张平.一种多功能电控开发系统的研制[D].天津大学,2002
[33]李进.电控柴油机综合控制系统研究[D].北京:清华大学,2005
[34]谭浩强.C程序设计[M].第2版.北京:清华大学出版社,1999
[35]孔凡平.基于Labview虚拟实验仪器的设计与实现[D].陕西科技大学,2004
[36]张健.基于Labview虚拟仪器实验教学系统的设计与实现[D].河北工业大学,2002
[2]王丽君,杨振中.氢燃料内燃机研究新进展[J].拖拉机与农用运输车,2005,(4):89-91
[3]徐正好,杨宗栋,郑康元,常健.氢燃料发动机的应用[J].能源研究与信息,2002,18(4):200-204
[4]黄亚继,张旭.氢能开发和利用的研究[J].能源与环境,2003,(4):33-36
[5]芮鹏,李国岫.氢燃料发动机燃烧与排放控制研究进展[J].柴油机设计与制造,2005,14(4):8-12
[6]周玉明,胡健丽.内燃机的废气再循环技术[J].内燃机,2004,(4):40-44
[7]陈进富,陆绍信,朱亚杰.氢动力车研究与发展现状[J].新能源,1996,18(5):1-7
[8]毛宗强.通向氢能经济的桥梁--从“浅氢”到“全氢”[J].武汉理工大学学报,2006,28(2):6-10
[9]包铁成,付晓光.氢燃料在汽车上的应用[J].小型内燃机,1999,28(2):5-8
[10]杨振中,王丽君,熊树生,李径定.氢发动机排气污染及NOx排放优化控制[J].太阳能学报,2006,27(8):846-851
[11]周奇,倪计民,孟铭,陈源,鹿坚.车用排气再循环系统的发展及应用研究[J].小型内燃机与摩托车,2002,31(2):4-6
[12]周玉明,胡健丽.内燃机废气再循环技术[J].内燃机,2004,(4):40-44
[13]李彩芬,李国岫.柴油机废气再循环技术的应用研究[J].柴油机,2004,(1):20-22
[14]孙巍.废气再循环系统的研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2003:8-11
[15]杨燕南,罗耀.汽车发动机废气再循环系统(EGR)的介绍[J].国外金属加工,2005,26(1):61-64
[16]周冬.发动机EGR系统废气引入量控制技术[J].南通职业大学学报,2004,18(2):21-25
[17]汤碧红,倪计民,周奇,鹿坚.一种新型电控EGR试验系统的设计[J].内燃机工程,2002,23(4):40-42
[18]赵弘志,曹林.CA6102电控汽油机废气再循环性能研究[J].汽车工程,2005,27(2):264-268
[19]曲明辉,张春润,贺宇.采用排气再循环降低柴油机NOx排放[J].柴油机,2000,(5):19-22
[20]曲明辉,贺宇,姚广涛,王秉利,吴良勤.采用废气再循环降低柴油机NOx排放[J].小型内燃机,2000,29(2):29-32
[21]姚春德,何邦全,李万众.高速车用柴油机废气再循环系统[J].小型内燃机与摩托车,2001,30(2):29-32
[22]James W.Heffel.NOx emission and performance data for a hydrogen fueled internalcombustion engine at 1500 rpm using exhaust gas.International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2003,901-908
[23]James W.Heffel.NOx emission reduction in a hydrogen fueled internal combustion engine at3000 rpm using exhaust gas recirculation.International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2003, 1285-1292
铩颷24]V.Subramanian,J.M.Mallikarjuna,A.Ramesh.Intake charge dilution effects on control of nitricoxide emission in a hydrogen fueled SI engine.International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2006,1-14
[25]张多军.GW2.8TDI型轻型车用柴油机电控EGR系统开发[D].吉林:吉林大学,2005:25-26
[26]Helmut Eichlseder,Thomas Wallner,Raymond Freymann,Jürgen Ringler.The Potential ofHydrogen Internal Combustion Engines in a Future Mobility Scenario.SAE paper2003-01-2267
[27]高小娟.柴油机电控共轨系统的控制技术[D].大连:大连理工大学,2005
[28]宋国民,刘学瑜.基于参数自调整PID控制的高压共轨数字凋压系统[J].柴油机,2002,5:25-27
[29]李艳红.直喷式柴油机的特性预测及参数优化[D].江苏大学硕士学位论文.2003
[30]Weiss J.发动机循环模拟在卡车发动机开发中的应用[J].国外内燃机,2004(5):41-43
[31]谢辉.车用柴油机电控开发系统的软,硬件设计及应用[J].汽车工程,1998,20(4):220-227
[32]张平.一种多功能电控开发系统的研制[D].天津大学,2002
[33]李进.电控柴油机综合控制系统研究[D].北京:清华大学,2005
[34]谭浩强.C程序设计[M].第2版.北京:清华大学出版社,1999
[35]孔凡平.基于Labview虚拟实验仪器的设计与实现[D].陕西科技大学,2004
[36]张健.基于Labview虚拟仪器实验教学系统的设计与实现[D].河北工业大学,2002
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