攀煤（集团）煤矸石发电技改项目研究
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摘要
技术改造作为企业扩大再生产、提高产品质量和技术含量的手段已成为提高国家综合国力的一种方式。本文运用技改项目可行性研究与项目管理理论，结合攀煤2×135MW煤矸石发电技改项目实施作了较为全面的分析研究。重点在项目管理、项目可行性研究，并运用项目管理、项目论证、战略管理、电力市场营销、财务管理、生产运营管理等学科理论。探索电力企业技改项目研究和管理的有效方法。文章从项目的市场分析、工艺方案设计、设备选型等进行了详细的分析论证。在方案确定上，不仅在项目前期进行了全面的计算、分析与论证，而且在实施过程中根据现场实际对方案进行了优化，不仅降低了工程投资，而且缩短了施工工期。投资前对技术改造项目进行科学的可行性研究是国家从宏观角度加强投资效益管理的重要措施，也是为投资者、决策者提供科学决策的依据，确保使项目投资取得良好的经济效益。倡导投资活动必须遵循经济规律，并确保从投资立项、项目建设决策过程和项目管理的科学化。在项目实施前和实施过程中注重计划工期、预算控制、资源管理、质量保证四个关键要素。P3管理软件是目前全面、完整的协调上述四个要素的现代化管理手段之一，在技术改造实施阶段对项目进行科学的管理，对实施进度进行优化，确保投资少和有一个合理的工期。在攀煤火电厂技改工程项目管理上就运用了P3管理软件，不仅对时间-费用进行了优化，而且对人员配置、工程关键路径、施工乃至运输方案都进行了全方位优化，为项目管理确定合理的费用与工期提供了可行的方法。论文认为企业要发展，必须实施技术改造，并阐明技改项目必须符合国家的政策要求。论文对技改项目规划及循环流化床锅炉电厂的特殊性进行了较全面地考虑，特别是在环境保护问题上，前期的论证研究，是确保环保能够顺利通过的关键。文章阐述了全面质量管理、职业健康管理、安全管理及文明施工管理等新型的现代化管理理念和手段，并运用质量管理个案说明现代化管理的精细程度。阐述了运用现代化管理手段(P3管理软件)对本工程进行全方位管理，并结合实际对项目局部工程运用P3管理软件进行了时间-费用优化案例讲解。
Technology reconstruction, as an effect way to enlarge productivity and improve quality of production and technique, has become a measurement to develop the comprehensive national strength. Combining with Panzhihua Coal 2*135MW coal gangue generating electricity technology reconstruction project, this paper carries technology reconstruction feasibility research and project management theory to an all-round analysis. It focuses on project management and project feasibility research as well introduces the theories of project management, project demonstration, strategy management, electricity marketing, finance, and manufacturing. It tries to explore the effect way to technology reconstruction research and management of electricity power enterprises. This paper has done detail analysis demonstrations on market analysis, technique design and equipment selecting. Cost has been decreased and working period has been shortened, optimizing project according to actual site situation, besides initial calculation on the prophase part of project in the process of confirming blue print. To do scientific feasibility research on technology reconstruction project before investment is an important measurement to strengthen benefits management, from macroscopic angle. In the mean time, it provides the bases to decision-making for investors to get profitable rewards. The suggested investment activities have to follow economic rule and make project establishment and management scientifically. The four key factors: planned working period, budget control, resources management and quality guarantee should be paid enough attention to. P3 management software is an all-round and completed modernizing management method which does scientific management on project during technology reconstruction period and ensures a less cost and reasonable working period by optimizing the rate of progress. Not only time and fee but stuff-distribution, key construction route, and transportation have been fully optimized in technology reconstruction project management of Panzhihua thermal power plants by using P3 software. Therefore, it provides the possibility of ascertain reasonable fee and working period. This paper suggests that technology reconstruction is a must-be factor to enterprise's development. Moreover, it illustrates that technology reconstruction project should strictly be accord to the requirements of national policy. A comparative all-things-consideration, especially on environmental protection, has been put upon the particularity of technology project layout and circumfluence boiler electricity factory in this paper. It illustrates that a new all round management method covers quality, professional health, security and construction managements; introducing cases to explain the precise degree of modern management. At the same time, case study is given to P3 managing software used in fully construction management comparing with the explanation of P3 used in partial project to optimize time and fee.
Technology reconstruction, as an effect way to enlarge productivity and improve quality of production and technique, has become a measurement to develop the comprehensive national strength. Combining with Panzhihua Coal 2*135MW coal gangue generating electricity technology reconstruction project, this paper carries technology reconstruction feasibility research and project management theory to an all-round analysis. It focuses on project management and project feasibility research as well introduces the theories of project management, project demonstration, strategy management, electricity marketing, finance, and manufacturing. It tries to explore the effect way to technology reconstruction research and management of electricity power enterprises. This paper has done detail analysis demonstrations on market analysis, technique design and equipment selecting. Cost has been decreased and working period has been shortened, optimizing project according to actual site situation, besides initial calculation on the prophase part of project in the process of confirming blue print. To do scientific feasibility research on technology reconstruction project before investment is an important measurement to strengthen benefits management, from macroscopic angle. In the mean time, it provides the bases to decision-making for investors to get profitable rewards. The suggested investment activities have to follow economic rule and make project establishment and management scientifically. The four key factors: planned working period, budget control, resources management and quality guarantee should be paid enough attention to. P3 management software is an all-round and completed modernizing management method which does scientific management on project during technology reconstruction period and ensures a less cost and reasonable working period by optimizing the rate of progress. Not only time and fee but stuff-distribution, key construction route, and transportation have been fully optimized in technology reconstruction project management of Panzhihua thermal power plants by using P3 software. Therefore, it provides the possibility of ascertain reasonable fee and working period. This paper suggests that technology reconstruction is a must-be factor to enterprise's development. Moreover, it illustrates that technology reconstruction project should strictly be accord to the requirements of national policy. A comparative all-things-consideration, especially on environmental protection, has been put upon the particularity of technology project layout and circumfluence boiler electricity factory in this paper. It illustrates that a new all round management method covers quality, professional health, security and construction managements; introducing cases to explain the precise degree of modern management. At the same time, case study is given to P3 managing software used in fully construction management comparing with the explanation of P3 used in partial project to optimize time and fee.
引文
1、史本山．投资经济学[M]．西南交通大学出版．2005
2、国家计委，建设部发行．建设项目经济评价方法与参数[M]．第二版．中国计划出版社．1998
3、国家计委投资司，建设部标准定额研究所，可行性研究与项目评价学会．建设项目经济方法与参数参考资料[M]．中国统计出版社．1993
4、国家经贸委技术改造司．企业技术改造工作手册[M]．经济管理出版社．1997
5、叶远胜，聂名华．技术改造经济学[M]．上海社会科学院出版社．1987
6、国家经贸委．二00三年技术改造工作基本思路[J]．企业技术进步．2003年第一期
7、周天华．项目评估实务[M]．中华工商联合出版社．2005
8、王维才，戴淑芬，肖玉新．投资项目可行性分析与项目管理[M]．冶金工业出版社．2001
9、周惠珍．可行性研究与与项目评价[M]．中国科学技术出版社．2004
10、王五英，于守法，张汉亚．投资项目社会评价方法[M]．经济管理出版社．2002
11、王立国，王红岩，宋维佳．工程项目可行性研究[M]．人民邮电出版社．2004
12、陈心德，吴忠心．生产运营管理．清华大学出版社[M]．2005
13、刘荔娟，李风云．现代项目管理[M]．上海财经大学出版社．2000
14、李涛，张莉．项目管理[M]．中国人民大学出版社．2005
15、殷焕武，王振林．项目管理导论[M]．机械工业出版社．2005
16、吴之明，卢有杰．项目管理引论[M]．清华大学出版社．2000
17、张卓．项目管理[M]．科学出版社．2005
18、马国卿 田子平 沸腾锅炉文集 劳动人事出版社 1986年
19、芩可法主编 锅炉燃烧试验研究方法及测量技术 水利电力出版社 1987年
20、D．park等 大型常压沸腾床燃烧装置的卷流模型 《第六届国际沸腾床燃烧会议论文集》 1980年
21、李青 公维平主编 火力发电厂节能和指标管理技术 中国电力出版社2006年
22、上海工业锅炉研究所 工业锅炉技术手册 1981年
23, Brina G, Charlton.Combustion kinetic of some Australian spent oil shales between 600℃ and 900℃ [J].Fuel,1998,67(10):1436-1440
24, Burnham A K Braun R L.Global kinetic analysis of complex materials[J].Energy & Fuels,1999,13(1):1-22.
25, Cumming J W.Reactivity assessment of coals via a weighted mean activation energy[J].Fuel, 1984,63 (10): 1436-1440
26、热力发电厂 西安交通大学1985．8
27、锅炉原理 西安交通大学 陈学俊 陈听宽 主编1981．1
28、循环流化床锅炉 中国水利出版社 大屯煤电2004．12
29、杨军华 一种确定锅炉运行参数基准值的新方法[J]．热力发电，1999，2．
30、GBlOl84-88，电站锅炉性能试验规程[S]
31、刘德昌主编，流化床燃烧技术的工业应用，中国电力出版社，北京，1999年。
32、刘德昌，陈汉平主编，锅炉改造技术，中国电力出版社，北京，2001年。
33、刘德昌等，关于引进循环流化床锅炉运行中产生的主要问题及改进措施，热电技术，2000年6月，P．90—P．92。
34、 刘德昌，陈汉平等，我国循环流化床锅炉的发展现状和建议，动力工程，2003年6月，P．2377—P．2379。
35、 普华燃烧技术开发中心，普华成员单位循环流化床锅炉开发与生产业绩文集，2002年11月。
36, Frang Pallter et al, Petcoke Co—Firing in a Power Fluid CFBC — Boiler Originally Designed for Coal—Effects on Operation, Efficiency and Desulfurization, Proceedings of 17th Inter. Confe. On FBC, 2003, Florida, U.S.A
37, Thterry le Guevel et al, Fuel Flexibility and Petroleum Coke Combustion at Provence 250MW CFB, Proceedings of 17th Inter. Confe. On FBC, 2003. Florida, U.S.A
38, Matti A. Hiltunen et al, Green Energy From Wood Based Fuels Using Foster Wheeler CFB Boilers, Proceedings of 17th Inter. Confe. On FBC, 2003, Florida, U.S.A
39, M.M Marchettietal, Alstom's Large CFBS and Results, Proceedings of CFB 2003 17th International Fluidized Bed Combustion Conference, May 18-21, 2003, Jacksonville, Florida U.S.A
2、国家计委，建设部发行．建设项目经济评价方法与参数[M]．第二版．中国计划出版社．1998
3、国家计委投资司，建设部标准定额研究所，可行性研究与项目评价学会．建设项目经济方法与参数参考资料[M]．中国统计出版社．1993
4、国家经贸委技术改造司．企业技术改造工作手册[M]．经济管理出版社．1997
5、叶远胜，聂名华．技术改造经济学[M]．上海社会科学院出版社．1987
6、国家经贸委．二00三年技术改造工作基本思路[J]．企业技术进步．2003年第一期
7、周天华．项目评估实务[M]．中华工商联合出版社．2005
8、王维才，戴淑芬，肖玉新．投资项目可行性分析与项目管理[M]．冶金工业出版社．2001
9、周惠珍．可行性研究与与项目评价[M]．中国科学技术出版社．2004
10、王五英，于守法，张汉亚．投资项目社会评价方法[M]．经济管理出版社．2002
11、王立国，王红岩，宋维佳．工程项目可行性研究[M]．人民邮电出版社．2004
12、陈心德，吴忠心．生产运营管理．清华大学出版社[M]．2005
13、刘荔娟，李风云．现代项目管理[M]．上海财经大学出版社．2000
14、李涛，张莉．项目管理[M]．中国人民大学出版社．2005
15、殷焕武，王振林．项目管理导论[M]．机械工业出版社．2005
16、吴之明，卢有杰．项目管理引论[M]．清华大学出版社．2000
17、张卓．项目管理[M]．科学出版社．2005
18、马国卿 田子平 沸腾锅炉文集 劳动人事出版社 1986年
19、芩可法主编 锅炉燃烧试验研究方法及测量技术 水利电力出版社 1987年
20、D．park等 大型常压沸腾床燃烧装置的卷流模型 《第六届国际沸腾床燃烧会议论文集》 1980年
21、李青 公维平主编 火力发电厂节能和指标管理技术 中国电力出版社2006年
22、上海工业锅炉研究所 工业锅炉技术手册 1981年
23, Brina G, Charlton.Combustion kinetic of some Australian spent oil shales between 600℃ and 900℃ [J].Fuel,1998,67(10):1436-1440
24, Burnham A K Braun R L.Global kinetic analysis of complex materials[J].Energy & Fuels,1999,13(1):1-22.
25, Cumming J W.Reactivity assessment of coals via a weighted mean activation energy[J].Fuel, 1984,63 (10): 1436-1440
26、热力发电厂 西安交通大学1985．8
27、锅炉原理 西安交通大学 陈学俊 陈听宽 主编1981．1
28、循环流化床锅炉 中国水利出版社 大屯煤电2004．12
29、杨军华 一种确定锅炉运行参数基准值的新方法[J]．热力发电，1999，2．
30、GBlOl84-88，电站锅炉性能试验规程[S]
31、刘德昌主编，流化床燃烧技术的工业应用，中国电力出版社，北京，1999年。
32、刘德昌，陈汉平主编，锅炉改造技术，中国电力出版社，北京，2001年。
33、刘德昌等，关于引进循环流化床锅炉运行中产生的主要问题及改进措施，热电技术，2000年6月，P．90—P．92。
34、 刘德昌，陈汉平等，我国循环流化床锅炉的发展现状和建议，动力工程，2003年6月，P．2377—P．2379。
35、 普华燃烧技术开发中心，普华成员单位循环流化床锅炉开发与生产业绩文集，2002年11月。
36, Frang Pallter et al, Petcoke Co—Firing in a Power Fluid CFBC — Boiler Originally Designed for Coal—Effects on Operation, Efficiency and Desulfurization, Proceedings of 17th Inter. Confe. On FBC, 2003, Florida, U.S.A
37, Thterry le Guevel et al, Fuel Flexibility and Petroleum Coke Combustion at Provence 250MW CFB, Proceedings of 17th Inter. Confe. On FBC, 2003. Florida, U.S.A
38, Matti A. Hiltunen et al, Green Energy From Wood Based Fuels Using Foster Wheeler CFB Boilers, Proceedings of 17th Inter. Confe. On FBC, 2003, Florida, U.S.A
39, M.M Marchettietal, Alstom's Large CFBS and Results, Proceedings of CFB 2003 17th International Fluidized Bed Combustion Conference, May 18-21, 2003, Jacksonville, Florida U.S.A
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