四川地方山羊品种遗传多样性及南江黄羊SSRs与生长性状的相关性研究
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摘要
选用5对微卫星引物，对四川7个地方山羊品种—简阳大耳羊(n=30)、建昌黑山羊(n=23)、成都麻羊(n=20)、藏山羊(n=27)、金堂黑山羊(n=21)、乐至黑山羊(n=24)和北川白山羊(n=26)及1个培育品种—南江黄羊(n=90)的基因组DNA进行PCR扩增，并进行电泳分析。用Cervus分析了微卫星位点的观察杂合度、期望杂合度、多态信息含量、等位基因频率、有效等位基因数；用SAS6.12软件中GLM程序来分析南江黄羊微卫星与其早期生长性状的关系；用POPGENE分析7个四川地方山羊品种的遗传多样性，并以Nei’s遗传距离为基础构建系统发生树。结果表明：
1．本次试验所选用的5个微卫星标记中，ILSTS004、ILSTS030、McM038和OarFCB011在8个山羊群体中都呈现一定的多态性，但CSSM04位点在成都麻羊、乐至黑山羊和建昌黑山羊群体中不表现多态性。5个微卫星标记检测到的等位基因数从3个到7个不等，而群体的平均多态信息含量都大于0.5(0.594～0.696)。四川7个地方山羊品种群体间的遗传分化系数为0.1167，表明有88.33％的变异来源于群体内部，群体的遗传多样性较丰富。
2．用POPGENE对7个地方山羊群体进行分析表明，群体问平均基因流(Nm)为2.0078；藏山羊与金堂黑山羊群体间遗传距离最小，乐至黑山羊和简阳大耳羊群体间遗传距离最大。以Nei’s遗传距离为基础构建的系统发生树表明，藏山羊和金堂黑山羊、成都麻羊、北川白山羊聚为一类，乐至黑山羊和建昌黑山羊聚为一类，而简阳大耳羊自成一类。
3．南江黄羊的生长性状与5个SSRs的相关性分析结果表明，位点OarFCB011、ILSTS030和McM038的某些等位基因显著或极显著影响南江黄羊早期的生长发育性状。2月龄时，ILSTS030位点的基因型CE对体长性状有显著的正效应(P＜0.05)。6月龄时，位点McM038的基因型EE和AF对体重性状有显著影响，基因型AF对体高性状有显著影响，而基因型AF和EE对体长性状有显著影响，基因型EE对胸围性状有显著影响(P＜0.05)。周岁阶段，位点McM038的BC基因型对体重有极显著的影响(P＜0.01)，AA、CC基因型对体重性状有显著影响(P＜0.05)；在位点ILSTS030中，基因型CE对体重、体高性状都有显著影响(P＜0.05)，基因型CE对体长性状有极显著影响(P＜0.01)；在OarFCB011中，基因型DD对体重性状有显著影响(P＜0.05)，基因型DD对体高性状有显著影响(P＜0.05)。综上所述，位点OarFCB011、ILSTS030和McM038可以用于南江黄羊MAS和QTL定位等相关方面的进一步研究。
The genome DNA was amplied and electrophoresis of Sichuan 7 native goat breeds and1 cultivated breed, including Tibet goat(n=27)、ChengDu Ma goat(n=20)、JinTang blackgoat(n=21)、LeZhi black goat(n=24)、JianChang black goat(n=23)、BeiChuan white goat(n=26),Jian Yang Daer goat(n=30) and NanJiang yellow goat (n=90), using 5 pairs of microsatelliteprimers. The number of alleles, heterozygosity(H), polymorphism information content(PIC),the frequency of alleles and the number of effective alleles were analyzed by Cervussoftware, and the correlations were analyzed by SAS software. The genetic diversity ofSichuan native goat breeds were conducted by POPGENE, and the phylogeny tree was builtbased on Nei's genetic distance. The results were as follows.
1. Among 5 SSRs, the loci of ILSTS004, ILSTS030, McM038 and OarFCB011 hadpolymorphism within 7 breeds, but the CSSM004 locus had no polymorphysim withinChengDu goat, JianChang black goat and LeZhi black goat. The allele numbers of fivemirosatellites were from 3 to 7, and the average PIC was more than 0.5 (0.594～0.696). The F_(st)among breeds was 0.1167, and it indicated that the 7 breeds had rich genetic diversity.
2. The genetic diversity of Sichuan native goat breeds was analyzed by POPGENE. Theresults showed that the average gene flow (Nm) was 2.0078. The genetic distance betweenTibet goat and JinTang black goat was minimum, and that between LeZhi black goat andJian Yang daer goat was maximum. The phylogeny tree indicated that Tibet goat, ChengDugoat, JinTang black goat and Beichuan white goat formed a branch, and LeZhi black goat andJianChang black goat formed a branch, and the next was Jian Yang daer goat.
3. The correlation analysis between growth traits of Nanjiang yellow goat and 5 SSRsindicated that there were some genotypes of loci OarFCB011, ILSTS030 and McM038 affected the growth trait. At 2-month, the genotype CE of ILSTS030 had significant effects onbody length (P＜0.05). At 6-month, the genotype CD of OarFCB011 had significant effectson body height; and the genotypes AF and EE of McM038 had significant effects on bodyweight and body length(P＜0.05), but the genotype AF had significant effects on bodyheight(P＜0.05), and the genotype EE had significant effects on chest circumference (P＜0.05). At one year old, the genotype BC of McM038 had very significant effect on bodyweight(P＜0.01), and the genotypes AA, CC had significant effects on body weight(P＜0.05).But the genotype CE of ILSTS030 had significant effects on body weight, body height(P＜0.05)and body length(P＜0.01), and the genotype DD of OarFCB011 took effects on bodyweight and height significantly (P＜0.05). In all, the loci OarFCB011, ILSTS030 andMcM038 can be used in MAS and QTLs.
1．本次试验所选用的5个微卫星标记中，ILSTS004、ILSTS030、McM038和OarFCB011在8个山羊群体中都呈现一定的多态性，但CSSM04位点在成都麻羊、乐至黑山羊和建昌黑山羊群体中不表现多态性。5个微卫星标记检测到的等位基因数从3个到7个不等，而群体的平均多态信息含量都大于0.5(0.594～0.696)。四川7个地方山羊品种群体间的遗传分化系数为0.1167，表明有88.33％的变异来源于群体内部，群体的遗传多样性较丰富。
2．用POPGENE对7个地方山羊群体进行分析表明，群体问平均基因流(Nm)为2.0078；藏山羊与金堂黑山羊群体间遗传距离最小，乐至黑山羊和简阳大耳羊群体间遗传距离最大。以Nei’s遗传距离为基础构建的系统发生树表明，藏山羊和金堂黑山羊、成都麻羊、北川白山羊聚为一类，乐至黑山羊和建昌黑山羊聚为一类，而简阳大耳羊自成一类。
3．南江黄羊的生长性状与5个SSRs的相关性分析结果表明，位点OarFCB011、ILSTS030和McM038的某些等位基因显著或极显著影响南江黄羊早期的生长发育性状。2月龄时，ILSTS030位点的基因型CE对体长性状有显著的正效应(P＜0.05)。6月龄时，位点McM038的基因型EE和AF对体重性状有显著影响，基因型AF对体高性状有显著影响，而基因型AF和EE对体长性状有显著影响，基因型EE对胸围性状有显著影响(P＜0.05)。周岁阶段，位点McM038的BC基因型对体重有极显著的影响(P＜0.01)，AA、CC基因型对体重性状有显著影响(P＜0.05)；在位点ILSTS030中，基因型CE对体重、体高性状都有显著影响(P＜0.05)，基因型CE对体长性状有极显著影响(P＜0.01)；在OarFCB011中，基因型DD对体重性状有显著影响(P＜0.05)，基因型DD对体高性状有显著影响(P＜0.05)。综上所述，位点OarFCB011、ILSTS030和McM038可以用于南江黄羊MAS和QTL定位等相关方面的进一步研究。
The genome DNA was amplied and electrophoresis of Sichuan 7 native goat breeds and1 cultivated breed, including Tibet goat(n=27)、ChengDu Ma goat(n=20)、JinTang blackgoat(n=21)、LeZhi black goat(n=24)、JianChang black goat(n=23)、BeiChuan white goat(n=26),Jian Yang Daer goat(n=30) and NanJiang yellow goat (n=90), using 5 pairs of microsatelliteprimers. The number of alleles, heterozygosity(H), polymorphism information content(PIC),the frequency of alleles and the number of effective alleles were analyzed by Cervussoftware, and the correlations were analyzed by SAS software. The genetic diversity ofSichuan native goat breeds were conducted by POPGENE, and the phylogeny tree was builtbased on Nei's genetic distance. The results were as follows.
1. Among 5 SSRs, the loci of ILSTS004, ILSTS030, McM038 and OarFCB011 hadpolymorphism within 7 breeds, but the CSSM004 locus had no polymorphysim withinChengDu goat, JianChang black goat and LeZhi black goat. The allele numbers of fivemirosatellites were from 3 to 7, and the average PIC was more than 0.5 (0.594～0.696). The F_(st)among breeds was 0.1167, and it indicated that the 7 breeds had rich genetic diversity.
2. The genetic diversity of Sichuan native goat breeds was analyzed by POPGENE. Theresults showed that the average gene flow (Nm) was 2.0078. The genetic distance betweenTibet goat and JinTang black goat was minimum, and that between LeZhi black goat andJian Yang daer goat was maximum. The phylogeny tree indicated that Tibet goat, ChengDugoat, JinTang black goat and Beichuan white goat formed a branch, and LeZhi black goat andJianChang black goat formed a branch, and the next was Jian Yang daer goat.
3. The correlation analysis between growth traits of Nanjiang yellow goat and 5 SSRsindicated that there were some genotypes of loci OarFCB011, ILSTS030 and McM038 affected the growth trait. At 2-month, the genotype CE of ILSTS030 had significant effects onbody length (P＜0.05). At 6-month, the genotype CD of OarFCB011 had significant effectson body height; and the genotypes AF and EE of McM038 had significant effects on bodyweight and body length(P＜0.05), but the genotype AF had significant effects on bodyheight(P＜0.05), and the genotype EE had significant effects on chest circumference (P＜0.05). At one year old, the genotype BC of McM038 had very significant effect on bodyweight(P＜0.01), and the genotypes AA, CC had significant effects on body weight(P＜0.05).But the genotype CE of ILSTS030 had significant effects on body weight, body height(P＜0.05)and body length(P＜0.01), and the genotype DD of OarFCB011 took effects on bodyweight and height significantly (P＜0.05). In all, the loci OarFCB011, ILSTS030 andMcM038 can be used in MAS and QTLs.
引文
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