超细全硫化粉末橡胶/橡胶共混物的相态结构与性能研究
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摘要
本论文以氯醚橡胶(ECO)和氢化丁腈橡胶(HNBR)为基体,超超细全硫化粉末丁腈橡胶(UFPNBR)和超细全硫化粉末硅橡胶(UFPSiR)为填充材料,采用熔融共混法制备了UFPR/橡胶共混物,并研究了共混物的相态结构、动态力学性能、力学性能、老化性能,并与常规橡胶/橡胶共混物做了对比。考察了硫化体系、UFPR类型和UFPR用量对UFPR/橡胶共混物相态结构与性能的影响。
结果表明,(1)在UFPNBR/ECO复合材料中,UFPNBR/ECO共混比在50/50之前,UFPNBR在ECO中分散均匀,分散相粒径在100nm左右;UFPNBR在共混物中容易形成分散相,解决了常规NBP/ECO共混物中,ECO容易形成分散相问题。DMTA动态力学分析结果显示UFPNBR/ECO共混物具有很好的相容性。加入适量的UFPNBR能降低UFPNBP/ECO共混物的压缩永久变形,与常规共混胶相比,在UFPNBP/ECO中,由于ECO容易形成连续相,共混物具有低的脆性温度和良好的耐老化性能,但力学性能略低于常规共混胶。
(2在UFPSiR/ECO复合材料中,扫描电镜观察表明:UFPSiR在ECO中的分散性较差,粒径在微米级;DMTA动态力学分析结果显示UFPSiR和ECO的相容性不好;DSC的结果分析进一步表明UFPSiR和ECO之间相容性较差,同时UFPSiR的分子链运动受到ECO分子链的限制。与常规共混胶相比,在UFPSiR/ECO的力学性能相差不大,但压缩永久变形远低于常规共混物。
(3)在UFPNBR/HNBR复合材料中,透射电镜观察表明,在UFPNBR/HNBR体系中,UFPNBR容易形成分散相,HNBR为连续相;而在NBR/HNBR容易形成双连续相结构。DMTA动态力学分析结果显示两种共混物具有很好的相容性;加入适量的UFPNBR能降低UFPNBR/HNBR共混物的压缩永久变形,与常规共混胶相比,UFPNBR/HNBR具有低的脆性温度和良好的耐老化性能,但力学性能略低于常规共混胶。
In this work, a novel ultra-fine full-vulcanized rubber powder (UFPR) including ultra-fine full-vulcanized acrylonitrile butadiene rubber(UFPNBR)、ultra-fine full-vulcanized silicon rubber (UFPSiR) and rubber including epichlorohydrin rubber(ECO) and hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber(HNBR) blends were prepared by melt blending. The morphology, dynamic, static and aging properties of this kind novle rubber blends were investigated and compared with those of conventional rubber blends.
The main results are listed as following: (1) In the UFPNBR/ECO composites, TEM observations showed that ECO was tending to be continuous phase with UFPNBR as dispersion phase in UFPNBR/ECO system, whereas in NBR/ECO system ECO was tending to be dispersion phase with NBR as continuous phase. Dynamic property illustrated by DMTA demonstrated that UFPNBR/ECO had good compatibility. The mechanical properties results indicated that compression set of the blends could be decreased with adding appropriate amount of UFPNBR. To compare with NBR/ECO system, the UFPNBR/ECO had low friability temperature and good aging resistance but the mechanical properties were slightly worse than that of NBR/ECO.
(2)In the UFPSiR/ECO composites, SEM observations showed that the dispersed phase UFPSiR was prone to congregate, and the particle size of dispersed phase was about several microns. Dynamic property illustrated by DMTA demonstrated that two glass transition temperatures was observed. The results of DSC showed further that UFPSiR and ECO had low compatibility, and the movement of polymer chains of UFPSiR was confined by the polymer chains of ECO. The mechanical properties results indicated UFPSiR/ECO composites had no obvious difference with SiR/ECO, but with lower compression set to SiR/ECO.
(3)In the UFPNBR/HNBR composites, TEM observations showed that HNBR was tending to be continuous phase with UFPNBR as dispersion phase in UFPNBR/HNBR system, whereas in NBR/HNBR system HNBR was tending to be bi-continuous phase. Dynamic property illustrated by DMTA demonstrated that the two kinds of blends had good compatibility. The mechanical properties results indicated that the compression set of the UFPNBR/HNBR blends could be decreased with adding UFPNBR. To compare with NBR/HNBR system, the UFPNBR/HNBR had low friability temperature and good aging resistance but the mechanical properties were slightly worse than that of NBR/HNBR.
结果表明,(1)在UFPNBR/ECO复合材料中,UFPNBR/ECO共混比在50/50之前,UFPNBR在ECO中分散均匀,分散相粒径在100nm左右;UFPNBR在共混物中容易形成分散相,解决了常规NBP/ECO共混物中,ECO容易形成分散相问题。DMTA动态力学分析结果显示UFPNBR/ECO共混物具有很好的相容性。加入适量的UFPNBR能降低UFPNBP/ECO共混物的压缩永久变形,与常规共混胶相比,在UFPNBP/ECO中,由于ECO容易形成连续相,共混物具有低的脆性温度和良好的耐老化性能,但力学性能略低于常规共混胶。
(2在UFPSiR/ECO复合材料中,扫描电镜观察表明:UFPSiR在ECO中的分散性较差,粒径在微米级;DMTA动态力学分析结果显示UFPSiR和ECO的相容性不好;DSC的结果分析进一步表明UFPSiR和ECO之间相容性较差,同时UFPSiR的分子链运动受到ECO分子链的限制。与常规共混胶相比,在UFPSiR/ECO的力学性能相差不大,但压缩永久变形远低于常规共混物。
(3)在UFPNBR/HNBR复合材料中,透射电镜观察表明,在UFPNBR/HNBR体系中,UFPNBR容易形成分散相,HNBR为连续相;而在NBR/HNBR容易形成双连续相结构。DMTA动态力学分析结果显示两种共混物具有很好的相容性;加入适量的UFPNBR能降低UFPNBR/HNBR共混物的压缩永久变形,与常规共混胶相比,UFPNBR/HNBR具有低的脆性温度和良好的耐老化性能,但力学性能略低于常规共混胶。
In this work, a novel ultra-fine full-vulcanized rubber powder (UFPR) including ultra-fine full-vulcanized acrylonitrile butadiene rubber(UFPNBR)、ultra-fine full-vulcanized silicon rubber (UFPSiR) and rubber including epichlorohydrin rubber(ECO) and hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber(HNBR) blends were prepared by melt blending. The morphology, dynamic, static and aging properties of this kind novle rubber blends were investigated and compared with those of conventional rubber blends.
The main results are listed as following: (1) In the UFPNBR/ECO composites, TEM observations showed that ECO was tending to be continuous phase with UFPNBR as dispersion phase in UFPNBR/ECO system, whereas in NBR/ECO system ECO was tending to be dispersion phase with NBR as continuous phase. Dynamic property illustrated by DMTA demonstrated that UFPNBR/ECO had good compatibility. The mechanical properties results indicated that compression set of the blends could be decreased with adding appropriate amount of UFPNBR. To compare with NBR/ECO system, the UFPNBR/ECO had low friability temperature and good aging resistance but the mechanical properties were slightly worse than that of NBR/ECO.
(2)In the UFPSiR/ECO composites, SEM observations showed that the dispersed phase UFPSiR was prone to congregate, and the particle size of dispersed phase was about several microns. Dynamic property illustrated by DMTA demonstrated that two glass transition temperatures was observed. The results of DSC showed further that UFPSiR and ECO had low compatibility, and the movement of polymer chains of UFPSiR was confined by the polymer chains of ECO. The mechanical properties results indicated UFPSiR/ECO composites had no obvious difference with SiR/ECO, but with lower compression set to SiR/ECO.
(3)In the UFPNBR/HNBR composites, TEM observations showed that HNBR was tending to be continuous phase with UFPNBR as dispersion phase in UFPNBR/HNBR system, whereas in NBR/HNBR system HNBR was tending to be bi-continuous phase. Dynamic property illustrated by DMTA demonstrated that the two kinds of blends had good compatibility. The mechanical properties results indicated that the compression set of the UFPNBR/HNBR blends could be decreased with adding UFPNBR. To compare with NBR/HNBR system, the UFPNBR/HNBR had low friability temperature and good aging resistance but the mechanical properties were slightly worse than that of NBR/HNBR.
引文
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[2]Zhang Manli,Liu Yiqun,Zhang Xiaohong.The effect of elastomeric nano-particles on the mechanical properties and crystallization behavior of polypropylene[J],Polymer,2002,43(19):5133-5138
[3]Liu Yiqun,Zhang Xiaohong,Gao Jianming.Toughening of polypropy-lene by combined rubber system of ultrafine full-vulcanized powdered rubber and SBS[J],Polymer,2004,45(1):275-286
[4]唐远旺,田明,卢咏来,张立群.超细全硫化粉末NBR/EPDM共混物的结构与性能[J].橡胶工业;2006,53(4):223-230
[5]唐远旺,,田明,卢咏来,张立群.超细全硫化粉末丁苯橡胶/三元乙丙橡胶共混物的结构与性能[J].合成橡胶工业;2006,29(4):284-288
[6]Liqun Zhang,Tie Li,Yonglai Lu,Yuanwang Tang,Jinliang Qiao,Ming Tian.The Morphology and Property of Ultra-Fine Full-Vulcanized Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber Particles/EPDM Blends[J],Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2006,1000:3673-3679
[7]朱光明,辛文利.聚合物共混改性的研究现状[J].塑料科技,2002,148(2):44-48
[8]蒋红梅,高保娇.环氧-聚氨酯互穿聚合物网络导电材料[J].涂料工业,1999(3):12-14
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