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淄博市二级及以上医院血源性职业暴露调查分析
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摘要
目的:分析全市28所二级及以上医院医务人员血源性职业暴露发生情况,探讨防护对策。方法:对全市28所二级及以上医院2015年发生且上报登记的492例血源性职业暴露案例进行调查分析。结果:492例职业暴露者以护士(59.35%)和医生(23.58%)为主;暴露途径以锐器伤为主,占98.37%;暴露源不能确定其是否具有传染性的占62.60%,乙肝暴露源占30.08%,丙肝暴露源占2.44%,梅毒暴露源占4.07%,其他血液型传播疾病占0.81%;职业暴露发生频次最高的环节为废物处置,占41.46%、其次是手术中和拔针,分别占17.89%和13.82%;暴露后均及时进行了局部处理和预防性干预,经追踪未发生因职业暴露而导致医务人员感染。结论:锐器伤是医务人员血源性职业暴露的常见因素,通过监测来查找锐器伤的关键控制点,重点强化目标人群的职业安全防护教育和高危因素的有效管控,最大限度的减少医务人员职业暴露感染风险。
Objective:Analysis of 28 second level and above hospitals in the city and the medical staff blood-borne occupational exposure protection countermeasures are discussed.Methods:492 cases of occupational exposure to nurses(59.35%) and doctors(23.58%);Exposure route is given priority to with sharp injury,accounting for 98.37%;Exposure source cannot determine whether the contagious(62.60%),hepatitis b exposure(30.08%),HCV exposure(2.44%),syphilis exposure accounted for 4.07%,other type of blood transmitted diseases accounted for 0.81%;Occupational exposure occurrence frequency of the highest link for waste disposal,accounted for41.46%,followed by surgery and pull out the needle,17.89%and 13.82%respectively;After exposure to both the local treatment and preventive intervention in time,the track is not caused by occupational exposure and infection of medical staff.Conclusions:harp injury is common factors of medical personnel blood-borne occupational exposure,Through the monitoring of the key control points of the sharp injury in the to find,Focus on strengthening occupational safety protection of the target population education and effective control of risk factors,Minimize medical staff occupational exposure risk of infection.
引文
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