西藏天摩沟泥石流灾害链过程及致灾机理
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- 英文论文题名：Geohazard Chains and Mechanism of Two Debris Flows in Tianmo Gully,Southeast Tibetan
- 论文作者：曾庆利 ; 薛鑫宇 ; 王开洋 ; 袁广祥
- 英文论文作者：Zeng Qingli ; Xue Xinyu ; Wang Kaiyang ; Yuan Guangxiang ; Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics ; Chinese Academy of Sciences ; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Institute of Geology and Geophysics ; Chinese Academy of Sciences ; North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：中国科学院计算地球动力学重点实验室;中国科学院大学;中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所;华北水利水电大学;
- 论文关键词：崩滑堰塞坝 ; 泥石流 ; 地质灾害链 ; 监测预警 ; 嘉黎活动断裂 ; 川藏公路/铁路
- 英文论文关键词：rock or glacial avalanche dam ; debris flow ; geohazards chain ; monitoring and alarming ; Jiali active fault ; Sichuan-Tibet highway/railway
- 会议召开时间：2016-10-14
- 会议录名称：“川藏铁路建设的挑战与对策”2016学术交流会论文集
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：P642.23;U212.22
- 学会代码：ZGTD
- 会议名称：“川藏铁路建设的挑战与对策”2016学术交流会
- 会议地点：中国四川成都
- 主办单位：中国铁道学会、中国铁道学会工程分会、中国中铁股份有限公司、中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司
- 学会名称：中国铁道学会
- 页数：8
- 文件大小：1294k
- 原文格式：O
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
藏东南帕隆藏布左岸的天摩沟于2007年9月和2010年7月两次爆发大型灾难性泥石流。通过遗迹调查和遥感解译,系统分析了天摩沟泥石流发育的地形地貌、地质环境及气象条件。研究认为两次泥石流均由后缘山体崩塌碎屑流转化而成,导致规模频次和运动速度上的显著差别,并初步还原了两次崩塌—泥石流—公路水毁的灾害链过程,分析了泥石流形成机理。总结了帕隆藏布流域内大型泥石流灾害链的共性特征,提出了以实时监测冰崩雪崩、崩塌滑坡和沟谷内阻塞坝的灾害预警新思路。该研究对今后川藏公路/铁路大型地质灾害链的监测预警及灾害防治提供重要参考。
In September 2007 and July 2010,there took place 2 large hazardous debris flows in Tianmo gully,left bank of Purlung Tsangpo river of SW Tibet.The paper,based on the traces investigation and remote sensing interpretation,systematically analyses the geomorphology,geo-environments and climate conditions of the debris flow events.It is suggested that the two debris flows were both transformed by the rock collapses in the high-steep mountain range,but with the remarkable difference in volume,frequency and transporting speed.The mechanism of the two debris flows is studied,and their possible geohazard chains are preliminarily reverted.Combined with the process and common characteristics of other typical debris flows in Purlung Tsangpo region,a new method of monitoring the glacial/snow avalanches and rock avalanches as well as the stability of avalanche dam,is put forwards to monitor and warn the large to super-large debris flows.The study supplies a significant reference for the geohazard monitoring,warning and protection to the existing Sichuan-Tibet highway and the coming alignment selection of Sichuan-Tibet railway.
In September 2007 and July 2010,there took place 2 large hazardous debris flows in Tianmo gully,left bank of Purlung Tsangpo river of SW Tibet.The paper,based on the traces investigation and remote sensing interpretation,systematically analyses the geomorphology,geo-environments and climate conditions of the debris flow events.It is suggested that the two debris flows were both transformed by the rock collapses in the high-steep mountain range,but with the remarkable difference in volume,frequency and transporting speed.The mechanism of the two debris flows is studied,and their possible geohazard chains are preliminarily reverted.Combined with the process and common characteristics of other typical debris flows in Purlung Tsangpo region,a new method of monitoring the glacial/snow avalanches and rock avalanches as well as the stability of avalanche dam,is put forwards to monitor and warn the large to super-large debris flows.The study supplies a significant reference for the geohazard monitoring,warning and protection to the existing Sichuan-Tibet highway and the coming alignment selection of Sichuan-Tibet railway.
引文
[1]中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所,西藏自治区交通厅科学研究所.川藏公路典型山地灾害研究[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1999,54-102.Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,Institute of Traffic Science,Tibet.Research on typical mountainous hazards along Sichuan-Tibet highway[M].Chengdu:Chengdu Science and Technology Press,1999,54-102.
[2]杨志法,尚彦军,张路青,等.川藏公路地质灾害及其防治对策研究,以八宿至林芝段为例[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.Yang Zhifa,Shang Yanjun,Zhang Luqing,et al.Geological hazards and its countermeasures in Sichuan-Tibet highway,case study from Section of Basu to Linzhi[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006.
[3]施雅风,杨宗辉,谢自楚,等.西藏古乡地区的冰川泥石流[J].科学通报,1964,6:542-544.Shi Yafeng,Yang Zonghui,Xie Zichu,et al.The glacial debris flow in Guxiang,Tibet[J].Science Bulletin,1964,6:542-544.
[4]杜榕桓,李鸿琏,王立伦,等.西藏古乡沟冰川泥石流的形成与发展[A].见:中国科学院兰州冰JIl冻土研究所集刊第4号,中国泥石流研究专辑[C].北京:科学出版社.1985,1-18.Du Ronghuan,Wang Lilun,Wang Yanlong,et al.Formation and development of glacial debris flow in the Guxiang gully,Tibet[A].Lanzhou Institute of Glacier and Permafrost,CAS,Special issue on China debris flow[C].Beijing:Science Press,1985,1-18.
[5]曾庆利.藏东南巨厚松散堆积体发育条件、成灾模式及防治对策——以川藏公路然乌全鲁朗段为例[D].中国科学院研究生院博士学位论文,2007.Zeng Qingli.Formation of huge-thick loose accumulations in Southeast Tibet with associated hazards modes and mitigations:A case study in Ranwu to Lulang section of Sichuan-Tibet highwayfD].Ph D thesis of University of Chinese Academy of Science,2007.
[6]余忠水,德庆卓嘎,马艳鲜,等.西藏波密天摩河“9·4”特大泥石流形成的气象条件[J].山地学报,2009,27(1):82-87.Yu Zhongshui,De Qingzhuoga,Ma Yanxian,et al.Analysis of meteorological conditions about"9·4"debris flow in Tianmo gully,Bomi,county of Tibet[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2009,27(1):82-87.
[7]胡桂胜,陈宁生,邓明枫,等.西藏林芝地区泥石流类型及形成条件分析[J].水土保持通报,2011,31(2):193-197.Hu Guizheng,Chen Ningsheng,Deng Mingfeng,et al.Classification and initiation conditions of debris flow in Linzhi area,Tibet[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,31(2):193-197.
[8]邓明枫,陈宁生,丁海涛,等.2007年西藏东南部群发性泥石流的水热条件及其形成机制[J].自然灾害学报,2013(4):128-134.Deng Mingfeng,Chen Ningsheng,Ding Haitao,et al.The hydrothermal condition and formation mechanism of the groupoccuring debris flows in the southeast Tibet in 2007[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2011,31(2):193-197.
[9]Ge Y G,Cui P,Su F H,et al.Case History of the Disastrous Debris Flows of Tianmo Watershed in Bomi County,Tibet,China[J].Some Mitigation Suggestions.J.Mt.Sci.,2014,11(5):1253-1265.
[10]张金山,谢洪,王小丹,等.西藏尖姆普曲泥石流[J].灾害学,2015,30(3):99-103.Zhang Jinshan,Xie Hong,Wang Xiaodan,et al.Debris-flow of Jianmupuqu ravine in Tibet[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2015,30(3):99-103.
[11]丁林,钟大赉,潘裕生,等.东喜马拉雅构造结上新世以来快速抬升的裂变径迹证据[J].科学通报,1995,40(16):1497-1500.Ding Ling,Zhong Dalai,Pan Yusheng,et al.Fission track evidence for the Neocene rapid uplifting of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis[J].Chinese Science Bulletin.1995,40(16):1497-1500.
[12]任金卫,沈军,曹忠权,等.西藏东南部嘉黎断裂新知[J].地震地质,2000,22(4):344-350.Ren Jinwei,Shen Jun,Cao Zhongquan,et al.Quaternary faulting of Jiali fault,Southeastern Tibetan plateau[J].Seismology and Geology,22(4):344-350.
[13]中交第一公路勘察设计研究院,西安中交公路岩土工程有限公司.国道318线川藏公路(西藏境)102滑坡群整治工程可行性研究报告[R].2010年2月.CCCC First Highway Consultants Institute,CCCC Xi'an Highway Civil Engineering Co.The feasible research report on the measurement of the 102 landslide group of G318 highway[R].Feb.2010.
[14]杨逸畴,李炳元,尹泽生,等.西藏地貌[M].北京:科学出版社,1985,52-60.Yang Yichou,Li Bingyuan,Yin Zesheng,et al.Geomorphology in Tibet[M].Beijing:Science Press,1985,52-60.
[15]李吉均,郑本兴,杨锡金,等.西藏冰川[M].北京:科学出版社,1986,1-36,217-228.Li Jijun,Zheng Benxing,Yang Xijin,et al.Tibet Glacier[M].Beijing:Science Press,1986,1-36,217-228.
[16]Johnson A M,Rodine J R.Debris flow[C].In:Brunsden,D,Prior,D B(Eds.),Slope Instability.John Wiley&Sons,Chichester,UK,1984,257-361.
[17]Takahashi T.Debris flow[J].Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,1981,13:57-77.
[1 8]朱平一,程尊兰,游勇.川藏公路培龙沟泥石流输砂堵江成因探讨[J].自然灾害学报,2000,9(1):80-83.Zhu Pingyi,Cheng Zunlan,You Yong.Research on causes of river blocking by sediment delivery of Peilonggou gully debris flow in the Sichuan-Xizang highway[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2000,9(1):80-83.
[19]曾庆利,杨志法,袁广祥,等.从辫状水系看川藏公路特大型泥石流的成灾模式及灾害防治——以扎木镇—古乡沟段为例[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2007,18(2):27-33.Zeng Qingli,Yang Zhifa,Zhang Xijuan,et al.Hazard model and countermeasure to super-large debris flow in Parlung River,case study of the section from Zamu town to Guxiang gully[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2007,18(2):27-33.
[20]李德基,游勇.西藏波密米堆沟冰湖溃决浅议[J].山地研究,1992,10(4):219-224.Li Deji,You Yong.Bursting of the Midui moraine lake in Bomi,Xizang[J].Mountain Research,1992,10(4):219-224.
[21]吕儒仁,李德基.西藏波密冬茹弄巴的冰雪融水泥石流[J].冰川冻土,1989,11(2):148-160.Lv Ruren,Li Deji.Debris flow induced by melted water of Dongrunongbu,Bomi,Tibet[J].Glacies and Frozen Earth,1989,11(2):148-160.
[22]崔鹏,苏凤环,邹强,等.青藏高原山地灾害和气象灾害风险评估与减灾对策[J].科学通报,2015,60(32):3067-3077.Cui Peng,Su Fenghuan,Zou Qiang,et al.Risk assessment and disaster reduction strategies for mountainous and meteorological hazards in Tibetan plateau[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,60(32):3067-3077.
[2]杨志法,尚彦军,张路青,等.川藏公路地质灾害及其防治对策研究,以八宿至林芝段为例[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.Yang Zhifa,Shang Yanjun,Zhang Luqing,et al.Geological hazards and its countermeasures in Sichuan-Tibet highway,case study from Section of Basu to Linzhi[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006.
[3]施雅风,杨宗辉,谢自楚,等.西藏古乡地区的冰川泥石流[J].科学通报,1964,6:542-544.Shi Yafeng,Yang Zonghui,Xie Zichu,et al.The glacial debris flow in Guxiang,Tibet[J].Science Bulletin,1964,6:542-544.
[4]杜榕桓,李鸿琏,王立伦,等.西藏古乡沟冰川泥石流的形成与发展[A].见:中国科学院兰州冰JIl冻土研究所集刊第4号,中国泥石流研究专辑[C].北京:科学出版社.1985,1-18.Du Ronghuan,Wang Lilun,Wang Yanlong,et al.Formation and development of glacial debris flow in the Guxiang gully,Tibet[A].Lanzhou Institute of Glacier and Permafrost,CAS,Special issue on China debris flow[C].Beijing:Science Press,1985,1-18.
[5]曾庆利.藏东南巨厚松散堆积体发育条件、成灾模式及防治对策——以川藏公路然乌全鲁朗段为例[D].中国科学院研究生院博士学位论文,2007.Zeng Qingli.Formation of huge-thick loose accumulations in Southeast Tibet with associated hazards modes and mitigations:A case study in Ranwu to Lulang section of Sichuan-Tibet highwayfD].Ph D thesis of University of Chinese Academy of Science,2007.
[6]余忠水,德庆卓嘎,马艳鲜,等.西藏波密天摩河“9·4”特大泥石流形成的气象条件[J].山地学报,2009,27(1):82-87.Yu Zhongshui,De Qingzhuoga,Ma Yanxian,et al.Analysis of meteorological conditions about"9·4"debris flow in Tianmo gully,Bomi,county of Tibet[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2009,27(1):82-87.
[7]胡桂胜,陈宁生,邓明枫,等.西藏林芝地区泥石流类型及形成条件分析[J].水土保持通报,2011,31(2):193-197.Hu Guizheng,Chen Ningsheng,Deng Mingfeng,et al.Classification and initiation conditions of debris flow in Linzhi area,Tibet[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,31(2):193-197.
[8]邓明枫,陈宁生,丁海涛,等.2007年西藏东南部群发性泥石流的水热条件及其形成机制[J].自然灾害学报,2013(4):128-134.Deng Mingfeng,Chen Ningsheng,Ding Haitao,et al.The hydrothermal condition and formation mechanism of the groupoccuring debris flows in the southeast Tibet in 2007[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2011,31(2):193-197.
[9]Ge Y G,Cui P,Su F H,et al.Case History of the Disastrous Debris Flows of Tianmo Watershed in Bomi County,Tibet,China[J].Some Mitigation Suggestions.J.Mt.Sci.,2014,11(5):1253-1265.
[10]张金山,谢洪,王小丹,等.西藏尖姆普曲泥石流[J].灾害学,2015,30(3):99-103.Zhang Jinshan,Xie Hong,Wang Xiaodan,et al.Debris-flow of Jianmupuqu ravine in Tibet[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2015,30(3):99-103.
[11]丁林,钟大赉,潘裕生,等.东喜马拉雅构造结上新世以来快速抬升的裂变径迹证据[J].科学通报,1995,40(16):1497-1500.Ding Ling,Zhong Dalai,Pan Yusheng,et al.Fission track evidence for the Neocene rapid uplifting of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis[J].Chinese Science Bulletin.1995,40(16):1497-1500.
[12]任金卫,沈军,曹忠权,等.西藏东南部嘉黎断裂新知[J].地震地质,2000,22(4):344-350.Ren Jinwei,Shen Jun,Cao Zhongquan,et al.Quaternary faulting of Jiali fault,Southeastern Tibetan plateau[J].Seismology and Geology,22(4):344-350.
[13]中交第一公路勘察设计研究院,西安中交公路岩土工程有限公司.国道318线川藏公路(西藏境)102滑坡群整治工程可行性研究报告[R].2010年2月.CCCC First Highway Consultants Institute,CCCC Xi'an Highway Civil Engineering Co.The feasible research report on the measurement of the 102 landslide group of G318 highway[R].Feb.2010.
[14]杨逸畴,李炳元,尹泽生,等.西藏地貌[M].北京:科学出版社,1985,52-60.Yang Yichou,Li Bingyuan,Yin Zesheng,et al.Geomorphology in Tibet[M].Beijing:Science Press,1985,52-60.
[15]李吉均,郑本兴,杨锡金,等.西藏冰川[M].北京:科学出版社,1986,1-36,217-228.Li Jijun,Zheng Benxing,Yang Xijin,et al.Tibet Glacier[M].Beijing:Science Press,1986,1-36,217-228.
[16]Johnson A M,Rodine J R.Debris flow[C].In:Brunsden,D,Prior,D B(Eds.),Slope Instability.John Wiley&Sons,Chichester,UK,1984,257-361.
[17]Takahashi T.Debris flow[J].Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,1981,13:57-77.
[1 8]朱平一,程尊兰,游勇.川藏公路培龙沟泥石流输砂堵江成因探讨[J].自然灾害学报,2000,9(1):80-83.Zhu Pingyi,Cheng Zunlan,You Yong.Research on causes of river blocking by sediment delivery of Peilonggou gully debris flow in the Sichuan-Xizang highway[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2000,9(1):80-83.
[19]曾庆利,杨志法,袁广祥,等.从辫状水系看川藏公路特大型泥石流的成灾模式及灾害防治——以扎木镇—古乡沟段为例[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2007,18(2):27-33.Zeng Qingli,Yang Zhifa,Zhang Xijuan,et al.Hazard model and countermeasure to super-large debris flow in Parlung River,case study of the section from Zamu town to Guxiang gully[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2007,18(2):27-33.
[20]李德基,游勇.西藏波密米堆沟冰湖溃决浅议[J].山地研究,1992,10(4):219-224.Li Deji,You Yong.Bursting of the Midui moraine lake in Bomi,Xizang[J].Mountain Research,1992,10(4):219-224.
[21]吕儒仁,李德基.西藏波密冬茹弄巴的冰雪融水泥石流[J].冰川冻土,1989,11(2):148-160.Lv Ruren,Li Deji.Debris flow induced by melted water of Dongrunongbu,Bomi,Tibet[J].Glacies and Frozen Earth,1989,11(2):148-160.
[22]崔鹏,苏凤环,邹强,等.青藏高原山地灾害和气象灾害风险评估与减灾对策[J].科学通报,2015,60(32):3067-3077.Cui Peng,Su Fenghuan,Zou Qiang,et al.Risk assessment and disaster reduction strategies for mountainous and meteorological hazards in Tibetan plateau[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,60(32):3067-3077.
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