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耐铬菌株Mesonia sp. S52的筛选及其降解六价铬的特性研究
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摘要
目的:本研究旨在分离、筛选六价铬(Cr(Ⅵ))的高效降解菌株,研究和优化其降解特性,以期可以丰富生物修复Cr(Ⅵ)污染的微生物资源。方法:采集厦门市近海海滩7个站点的沉积物样品,分别在含Cr(Ⅵ)的216LB液体培养基中进行富集培养、分离纯化,直至获得单菌株纯培养物。经DNA提取、PCR扩增、基因序列分析对菌株进行鉴定,获取具有耐Cr(Ⅵ)能力的细菌菌株。测定所有菌株24 h的Cr(Ⅵ)降解率,筛选出Cr(Ⅵ)的高效降解菌株。采用多因素混合实验设计,分别探讨水温、p H值、初始菌株接种量、初始Cr(Ⅵ)浓度等因素对高效菌株降解Cr(Ⅵ)效率的影响,优化出最佳降解条件。结果:从沉积物样品中共富集筛选出具有耐Cr(Ⅵ)能力的细菌菌株55株,其中菌株Mesonia sp.S52(暂命名为:海研站菌)(专利申请号:201410819468.3)的最大耐Cr(Ⅵ)浓度均为500 mg/L,24h的Cr(Ⅵ)降解率为77.50%,降解Cr(Ⅵ)的最佳p H为7.5~8.0,随温度升高,降解率亦呈升高趋势,48 h内可完全降解50 mg/L的Cr(Ⅵ)。结论:菌株Mesonia sp.S52是首次从天然环境样品中被筛选并被报道具有耐Cr(VI)特性和高效Cr(VI)降解能力,该菌为后续Cr(VI)微生物降解机制研究及构建高效Cr(VI)抗性基因工程菌提供了良好的菌种。
引文
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