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一例日本对虾暴发性死亡的病原分析
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摘要
对发生的一例日本对虾暴发性死亡案例,采用分子生物学检测方法,进行了白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)、桃拉综合征病毒(TSV)、黄头病毒(YHV)、传染性皮下及造血器官坏死病毒(IHHNV)、传染性肌肉坏死病毒(IMNV)、偷死野田村病毒(CMNV)及急性肝胰腺坏死综合症(AHPND)7种对虾病原进行了检测。同时采用16SrDNA细菌鉴定方法及浸泡回接感染方法对分离自发病对虾体内的可疑病原菌进行了鉴定及毒力测试。结果显示:发病对虾中WSSV呈现强阳性,IHHNV与CMNV为弱阳性,其余病原为阴性。对分离的3株优势可疑病原菌鉴定结果表明,3株菌分别与霍利斯格里蒙菌(Grimontia indica)、交替单胞菌(Alteromonas)、溶藻弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)相似,相似度均为100%。攻毒结果显示3株可疑病原菌的96h LC50均大于1.0×10~8 CFU/ml,各细菌毒力较弱,非导致对虾出现暴发性死亡的病原。经分析认为,导致该次养殖日本对虾暴发死亡的病原为WSSV、IHHNV、CMNV合并感染所致,其中WSSV感染是造成日本对虾暴发死亡的主因,研究结果可为解析当前养殖日本对虾疾病暴发及其成因提供参考。
In this paper, Pathogen detection of WSSV, TSV, YHV, IHHNV, CMNV, IMNV and AHPND was carried out in Penaeus japonicus fulminant deaths by molecular biological detection method.The pathogenic bacteria isolated from the diseased prawns were identified and virulence tested by 16 S rDNA identification and immersion back infection method.The results showed that WSSV was strongly positive, IHHNV and CMNV were weakly positive and other pathogens were negative.Three isolateswere identified as Grimontia indica, Alteromonas, Vibrio alginolyticus,is100%.The results showed that the LC50 of three suspicious pathogens was more than1.0×10~8CFU/ml on 96 h,the virulence of each bacterium was weak, and the pathogen of fulminant death was not caused.The results showed that WSSV, IHHNV and CMNV were the main causes of the fulminant death of Penaeus japonicus, and WSSV infection was the main cause of fatal death.
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