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基于流化床的高钠煤气化技术研发进展
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摘要
高钠煤是指煤灰分中Na_2O含量大于2%的煤,在中国、澳大利亚、美国、德国、印尼等地都有一定的储量。我国的高钠煤主要分布在新疆准东地区,预测储量达3.9×10~(11)吨,是中国乃至世界上最大的整装煤田。然而,准东煤灰分中的Na_2O含量普遍高于2%,有的矿区甚至高达10%以上。煤中的钠是燃煤过程中产生粘结、积灰和腐蚀等问题的重要原因,影响装置的安全、稳定运行。煤气化是煤炭资源高效、清洁利用的重要方式。煤中的碱金属对气化过程具有催化作用,然而钠的迁徙与过程调控是制约高钠煤气化利用技术的瓶颈。因此,本人及所在实验室以新疆准东等高钠煤为研究对象,以流化床煤气化技术为依托,理论计算结合实验研究,系统的研究了高钠煤的热解、气化反应特性及碱金属的迁徙特性,已形成高钠煤流化床气化"理论计算-基础研究-中试试验-工业应用"系统研究方案,为高钠煤的大规模清洁利用奠定了基础。
High sodium coal refers to coal with Na_2O in coal ash higher than 2%, and there is a certain reserve in China, Australia, the United States, Germany, Indonesia and other places. Zhundong coalfield in Xinjiang is the largest integrated coal basin of China and the world. The predicted coal reserve is about 3.9×10~(11) tons. Coal gasification is a key technology for the high efficiency and clean use of coal resources. Sodium in coal has catalytic effect on coal gasification. However, the migration of sodium and the process control have become the bottleneck problem for high sodium coal utilization. This work is based on fluidized bed gasification, selected Zhundong coal and other high sodium coal as research objects, and systemically investigated the reaction properties of pyrolysis and gasification and the migration of sodium. This work has developed a systemically research program on theoretical calculation, fundamental research, pilot scale research and commercial utilization of high sodium coal, and laid the foundation for large-scale utilization of high sodium coal.
引文
[1]张守玉,陈川,施大钟,吕俊复,王健,郭熙,董爱霞,熊绍武.中国电机工程学报.2013,33(5):1-12+17.
    [2]董倩,张海霞,朱治平.煤炭学报.2015,40(9):2193-2199.

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