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纳米颗粒辅助单根碳纳米管的无损光学观察
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摘要
光学显微镜具有易于操作,视场开阔等优点,但其分辨率较低。碳纳米管由于其纳米级直径而无法用光学显微镜进行直接观察、定位与操纵。通过在其表面沉积其他物质进行"放大"可以辅助其光学观察。此前,我们已经报道了通过气相沉积法负载TiO_2纳米颗粒的方法实现单根碳纳米管的光学可视化并辅助其操纵和力学性能研究~[1-2],但所负载物质难以去除,影响碳纳米管的本征性质和后续应用。在本工作中,我们发展了一种简便、无损的方法实现单根碳纳米管的光学观察的方法,即在一定温度下,易挥发的物质(如:升华硫)在碳纳米管表面沉积,借助颗粒的光散射效应,可以在低倍下甚至肉眼下观察和定位单根碳纳米管。表征完毕后,纳米颗粒可通过简单加热的方法完全去除,不造成对碳纳米管的后续应用。该方法既适用于悬空的碳纳米管,也适用于不同基底上的碳纳米管,包括金属基底。此外,也可用于其他纳米材料的光学观察,例如金属纳米线、石墨烯等。该方法具有快速、无损、高效、可控且可重复高等特点,可有效促进纳米材料的形貌表征和基础性质研究,并辅助相关的纳米器件制备。
Optical microscopes(OMs) have advantages of low-cost, easy accessibility and open operating spaces. However, the resolution of OMs is too low to characterize nanomaterials. We have reported the optical visualization of individual carbon nanotubes(CNTs) by chemical vapor deposition of TiO_2 nanoparticles(NPs). However, the TiO_2 NPs are difficult to be completely removed, influencing the further utilization of the CNTs. Herein, we present a facile and nondestructive approach for the optical observation of CNTs and other nanomaterials under OMs with the aid of volatile NPs, such as SNPs. The NPs deposited on the surface of nanomaterials render strong light scattering to make nanomaterials optically visible by OMs with a low magnification or even naked eyes. Both of suspended and supported CNTs on various substrates can be observed. Most importantly, the NPs can be completely removed, avoiding influences on the properties and subsequent applications of nanomaterials.
引文
[1]Zhang,R.F.;Zhang,Y.Y.;Zhang Q.;and F.Wei.Nat.Commun.,2013,4:1727
    [2]Zhang,R.F.;Ning,Z.Y.;Zhang,Y.Y.;Wei,F.Nat.Nanotechnol.,2013,8:912.

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