海洋科学和技术转让政府间海洋学委员会可否推进对国家管辖范围以外的生物多样性的管理
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- 论文作者：石可欣
- 年：2017
- 作者机构：大连海洋大学;
- 论文关键词：国家管辖范围以外的区域 ; 海洋遗传资源 ; 海洋技术传播 ; 放一行
- 会议召开时间：2017-01-07
- 会议录名称：辽宁省法学会海洋法学研究会2016年学术年会论文集
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：D993.5
- 学会代码：LNHY
- 会议名称：辽宁省法学会海洋法学研究会2016年学术年会
- 会议地点：中国辽宁大连
- 主办单位：辽宁省法学会海洋法学研究会
- 学会名称：辽宁省法学会海洋法学研究会
- 页数：16
- 文件大小：425k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：地方
摘要
海洋科学研究为在1982年《联合国海洋法公约》下所提出的制定新的具有法律约束力的国家管辖范围以外的海洋生物多样性保护和可持续利用条约起到了关键性作用。海洋技术,能力建设以及海洋遗传资源的转让又是其中的关键性问题所在。本文探讨了政府间海洋科学研究和技术转让主管的海洋学委员会是如何为制定国际条约提供有关的信息数据,说明了海洋技术转让与遗传资源的非货币利益共享之间的协同作用,总结了海委会的四个主要经验教训:1.协调海洋科学研究方面的国际合作;2.实现对数据和知识的开放获取;3.通过科学培训和教育促进能力建设;以及对4.海洋科学研究的治理。政府间海洋学委员会可以推进治理解决方案的提出,在很大程度上是以会员国的政治意愿互通、各国之间提高和加强伙伴关系以减少信息资源限制来提高政府间海洋学委员会在全球和各区域范围的影响力。
引文
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1筹备委员会将在2016年和2017年期间举行四次会议,并向联合国大会报告其到2017年底的进展情况。将特别审议四个关键问题:1.海洋遗传资源(包括有关利益共享问题)2.区域管理制度(包括海洋保护区)3.环境评估能力4,能力建设和海洋技术转让。
2 LOSC附件八1(1)
3 LOSC附件八2(2)
1第一届于2016年3月28日至2016年4月7日举行,第二届于8月26日至9月9日举行。
2 1982年《联合会海洋法公约》没有提及MGR,也没有相关的法律定义。MGR被认为是具有实际或潜在价值的动物。植物或微生物的生物材料。
[2]教科文组织-政府间海洋学委员会,政府间海洋学委员会2014-2021年中期战略,教科文组织,
[3]H.Harden-Davies,“深海遗传资源:科学的新前沿”国家管辖范围以外的管理,深海研究II(2016)
[4]Oldham,P.,Hall,S.,Barnes,C.,Oldham,C.,Cutter,M.,Burns,N.,Kindness,深度:国家管辖范围以外区域的海洋遗传资源-关于海洋遗传资源的现有知识及其目前和预测的对英国经济的经济价值的审查。最终报告第一版。伦敦。
[5]M.Vierros。,C.Suttle,H.Harden-Davies,G.Burton,谁拥有海?关于海洋遗传资源的政策问题,湖泊学和海洋学公报(2016年)。http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lob.10108。
[6]D.Leary,M.Vierros,G.Hamon,S.Arico,C.Monagle,Marine Genetic Resources:A Review of Scientific and Commercial Interest,Marine Policy 33(2)(2009)183。
[7]J.A.Arrieta,S.Arnaud-Haond,C.M。Duarte,海洋遗传资源,国家科学院院刊。美利坚合众国107(43)(2010)18318。
[8]A.Broggiato,S.Arnaud-Haond,C.Chiarolla,T.Greiber,Fair and equitable sharing国家管辖范围以外海洋遗传资源利用的利益:弥合科学与政策之间的差距,海洋政策49(2014)176-185。
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[12]P.Bernal,A.Simcock,Marine Scientific Research,in:L.Innes,A.Simcock(Eds。),The First Global Integrated Marine Assessment:World Ocean Assessment I.,United Nations,New York,2016。
[13]Juniper,S.K.技术,环境,社会和经济方面。信息文件3:国际自然保护联盟关于海洋遗传资源闭会期间研讨会的信息文件2013年5月2-3日联合国大会研究与保护和可持续利用区域外海洋生物多样性有关的问题的不限成员名额非正式特设工作组的国家管辖权。IUCN,Bonn,pp。15-22。
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[19]L.Glowka,Evolving Perspectives on the International Seabed Area's Genetic Resources:Fifteen Years after the Deepest of Ironies,in:D.Vidas(Ed。)Law,Technology and Science for Oceans in Globalization:IUU Fishing,Oil Pollution,Bioprospecting,Outer Continental Shelf,Martinus Nijhoff,Leiden,Boston,2010,pp。397-423。
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[22]2016.国家管辖范围以外区域海洋生物多样性的养护和可持续利用(ABNJ)第EC-XLIX/4.3.3号决定。IOC/EC-XLIX/3 prov Pt3。1-2。
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[35]International Institute for Sustainable Development,Reporting Services Division,Summary of the First Session of the Preparatory Committee on Marine Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction 28 March-8 April,2016,Earth Negotations Bulletin 25(106)(2016)1-21.
[36]UNGA.2014.UNGA Resolution 69/245“Oceans and the Law of the Sea.”29December 2014.A/RES/69/245.[247].
[37]UNGA.2015.UNGA Resolution 70/235“Oceans and the Law of the Sea.”23December 2015.A/RES/70/235.[254].
[38]Appeltans,W.2015.Ocean Biogeographic Information System:a global biodiversity data-sharing platform.Presentation to IOC side event,BBNJ,23 June2015,Paris.〈http://www.slideshare.net/OBIS-IOC/20150623-obisiocassemblyforweb〉
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1筹备委员会将在2016年和2017年期间举行四次会议,并向联合国大会报告其到2017年底的进展情况。将特别审议四个关键问题:1.海洋遗传资源(包括有关利益共享问题)2.区域管理制度(包括海洋保护区)3.环境评估能力4,能力建设和海洋技术转让。
2 LOSC附件八1(1)
3 LOSC附件八2(2)
1第一届于2016年3月28日至2016年4月7日举行,第二届于8月26日至9月9日举行。
2 1982年《联合会海洋法公约》没有提及MGR,也没有相关的法律定义。MGR被认为是具有实际或潜在价值的动物。植物或微生物的生物材料。
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