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不同扣件区间车内噪声声品质客观评价
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摘要
列车在弹性扣件区间和普通扣件区间运行时,车内噪声环境也会产生改变。文中列车以40km/h的速度在两个不同扣件区间运行,现场测试了客车室的头部、中部和尾部连接处以及司机室布置测点的噪声,测试结果分别用A声级、线性声级和基于心理声学的声品质参数(响度、尖锐度、粗糙度、波动度、烦恼度和语言干扰级)进行评价。评价结果表明:车内噪声主要集中在中低频成分,列车通过弹性扣件区间时车内噪声环境比普通扣件区间差一些,不能满足人体舒适性要求。相对于其他几个心理声学评价参数,响度、烦恼度和语言干扰级能够比较好地反映车内人耳对噪声响度的主观感觉变化。
When the train is running on the elastic fastener sections and the general fastener sections, the interior noise environment of the vehicle will be changed. In this measurement the speed of train is 40 km/h. The authors have tested the noise of the front, the middle and the rear part of the passenger car and the cab. The results were evaluated with A-weighted sound pressure level, linear level and sound quality parameters based on psychoacoustics( loudness, sharpness, roughness, volatility, Psychoacoustic Annoyance and Speech Interference Level). The evaluation results show that the interior noise mainly concentrated in the middle and low frequency ranges. The noise environment of the vehicle in elastic fasteners sections is worse than that in the general fastener sections, and it can't meet the requirements of human comfort. Among the psychoacoustic evaluation parameters, loudness, Psychoacoustic Annoyance and Speech Interference Level can better reflect loudness of noise about subjective feeling changes.
引文
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