摘要
为确定溶剂萃取固定床气化含酚废水的最佳工艺条件,采用磷酸三丁酯(TBP)为络合剂,研究了不同种类稀释剂(磺化煤油、石油醚、苯、正辛醇)、剂/水体积比(萃取剂体积与废水体积之比)、萃取级数及pH值对萃取效果的影响;同时研究了碱液浓度、反萃取相比及反萃取级数对反萃取效果的影响,并确定出了最佳的萃取及反萃取工艺条件;最后从微观角度探讨了络合萃取过程的机理,并确定了络合萃取的缔合方式。试验结果表明:选择体积分数40%TBP-60%正辛醇为萃取剂,pH≤7,剂/水体积比≤1:3,经4级错流萃取后萃取率稳定在91%以上;NaOH质量分数为10%,反萃取相比≤1:3,经4级错流反萃取后反萃取率稳定在94%,萃取机理研究发现TBP萃取酚为氢键缔合方式。
In order to determine an optimum technique to extract phenol waste water from fixed bed gasification with a solvent,a tributyl phosphate(TBP) as the complex was applied to study the different type diluents(sulphonated kerosene,petroleum ether,benzene and octanol),solvent and water ratio(extractant volume and waste water volume ratio),extraction series and pH affected to the extraction effect.Meanwhile,a study was conducted on the alkali solution concentration,back extraction phase ratio and back extraction series affected to the extraction effect.The optimum extraction and back extraction conditions were determined.Finally,from a microcosmic view,the paper discussed the mechanism of the complex extraction process and determined the association mode of the complex extraction.The results showed the 40%TBP-60%octanol was selected as an extractant with pH ≤ 7 and a solvent and water ratio≤1:3,after the four grade crossflow extraction,the extraction rate was stabilized over 91%.The NaOH concentration was 10%and the back extraction phase ratio was≤1:3.After four grade cross-flow extraction,the back extraction rate was stabilized over 94%.Meanwhile,with the study on the extraction mechanism,the phenol extracted with TBP was found as a hydrogen association.
引文
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