柳枝稷植被过滤带拦污增效试验初步研究

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• 英文论文题名：Preliminary study on the effect of intercepting pollutants and increasing yield of switch grass vegetative filter strip
• 论文作者：孙彭成 ; 高建恩 ; 王显文 ; 高哲
• 英文论文作者：Sun Pengcheng ; Gao Jianen ; Wang Xianwen ; Gao Zhe ; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation ; Northwest N&F University ; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation ; Chinese Academy of Sciences ; College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering ; Northwest N&F University ; Surveying & Designing Institute(group) Co.Ltd. ; Xinjiang production and construction crops ; Shaanxi Petroleum Chemical Engineering and Construction Co.Ltd.
• 年：2015
• 作者机构：西北农林科技大学资源水土保持研究所;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所;西北农林科技大学资源水利与建筑工程学院;新疆兵团勘测设计院(集团)有限责任公司;陕西化建工程有限责任公司;
• 论文关键词：模拟降雨 ; 柳枝稷植被过滤带 ; 污染物拦截 ; 产量品质提升
• 英文论文关键词：simulated rainfall experiments ; Switchgrass VFS ; pollutants interception ; promotion of yield and quality
• 会议召开时间：2015-09-01
• 会议录名称：2015海峡两岸水土保持学术研讨会论文集（下）
• 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of Cross-strait Symposium on Soil and Water Conservation 2015
• 语种：中文
• 分类号：X52;Q948
• 学会代码：OGSJ
• 会议名称：2015海峡两岸水土保持学术研讨会
• 会议地点：中国山西太原
• 主办单位：中国水土保持学会、台湾中华水土保持学会
• 学会名称：中国水土保持学会
• 页数：8
• 文件大小：2342k
• 原文格式：O
• 会议级别：全国

摘要

针对黄土高原严重水土流失引起面源污染与水资源紧缺的问题,在自主研发设计的坡地高效农业用水滤清系统基础上,通过模拟降雨试验对不同长度柳枝稷植被过滤带对降雨径流侵蚀污染物拦截效果及结构优化进行试验研究。结果表明:坡面径流中泥沙和总磷浓度随雨强的增加而增加,总氮浓度随雨强的增加而减小,COD浓度随雨强增加先减小后增加;柳枝稷植被过滤带对泥沙和总磷拦截效果较好,对COD具有一定的拦截效果,对总氮的拦截效果不明显,3m长过滤带即可拦截径流中大部分泥沙和总磷且相对于5m长过滤带单位长度污染物拦截量更高;过滤带柳枝稷产量和品质均优于普通种植柳枝稷且过滤带内距径流入口越近柳枝稷干物质产量越高。过滤带柳枝稷单位面积干物产量提高29%,蛋白质产量增加53%,淀粉产量增加23%。滤清系统柳枝稷植被过滤带不但能拦截水沙和面源污染物,而且能够变污为肥,高效利用水土资源,在黄土高原地区有广泛的应用前景。
The serious soil erosion and water loss in the Loess Plateau caused non-point source pollution and shortage of water resources.Based on the self-developed water filter system,a series of rainfall simulation experiments were undertaken to study the interception effect on pollutants in runoff of the Switchgrass vegetative filter strip(VFS) and to optimize the structure of the Switchgrass VFS.Results show that;1) With the increase of rainfall intensity,the sediment concentration and total phosphorus(TP) concentration increased,the total nitrogen(TN) concentration decreased and the COD concentration decreased first then increased;2) The Switchgrass VFS significantly reduced sediment concentration and TP concentration,partly reduced the COD concentration and could hardly reduce the TN concentration.A three-meter VFS intercepted most sediment and TP in runoff and in the three-meter VFS,more pollutants were intercepted in one meter than that in a fivemeter VFS;3) The yield and quality of VFS Switchgrass were better than those of normally cultivated Switchgrass and the closer to the runoff entrance,the more VFS Switchgrass yielded.The dry matter yield,protein yield and starch yield of VFS Switchgrass increased by 29%,53% and 23% than those of normal Switchgrass,respectively.The Switchgrass VFS in water filter system intercepted sediment and non-point source pollutants and transferred them to nutrients,it could use soil and water resources efficiently and would have a widespread application prospect in the Loess Plateau.

引文

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