拟除虫菊酯类农药在烟草种植及加工过程中降解规律的研究

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• 英文论文题名：Residue Degradation of Pyrethroids during Tobacco Planting and Processing
• 论文作者：陈黎 ; 胡斌 ; 潘立宁 ; 崔华鹏 ; 蔡君兰 ; 贾云祯 ; 樊美娟 ; 王晓瑜 ; 刘惠民
• 英文论文作者：Li Chen ; Bin Hu ; Huapeng Cui ; Junlan Cai ; Yunzhen Jia ; Meijuan Fan ; Xiaoyu Wang ; Lining Pan ; Le Zhao ; Huimin Liu ; Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC
• 年：2016
• 作者机构：中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院;
• 论文关键词：拟除虫菊酯类农药 ; 消解动态 ; 烟草加工
• 英文论文关键词：pyrethroids ; dissipation dynamics ; tobacco processing
• 会议召开时间：2016-12-01
• 会议录名称：中国烟草学会2016年度优秀论文汇编——烟草工业主题
• 语种：中文
• 分类号：TS44;S481.8
• 学会代码：ZGYG
• 学会名称：中国烟草学会
• 页数：11
• 文件大小：1180k
• 原文格式：D

摘要

拟除虫菊酯类农药高效氯氟氰菊酯和氰戊菊酯是我国烟草行业高度关注的杀虫剂之一,明确其在烟草种植-加工(包括烘烤、打叶复烤、制丝)过程中的降解规律,找到残留控制的关键步骤,对于降低农药残留摄入风险具有重要意义。本文以农业部《农药残留试验准则》和我国烤烟型卷烟生产典型加工工艺为主要参考,分别选择山东临沂和云南曲靖作为南北方试验基地,针对性设计农药田间试验和烟叶加工过程试验,结合使用气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)测定高效氯氟氰菊酯和氰戊菊酯的分析方法,系统研究烟叶农药残留在大田生长期及加工过程中的变化规律。研究结果表明:高效氯氟氰菊酯和氰戊菊酯在烟叶种植过程中的消解动态均符合一级动力学方程,但因受南北地区不同气候环境条件及烟株本身生长状态的影响造成降解速率不同,高效氯氟氰菊酯在山东临沂、云南曲靖的半衰期分别为16.7和8.1 d,氰戊菊酯的半衰期分别为17.0和8.3d。氟氰菊酯和氰戊菊酯在烟草加工过程中的降解规律研究表明,农药在烟草加工过程中的降解主要是由高温引起的,两种农药在烘烤过程中的降解率分别在17.2-22.1%、13.5-18.6%之间,平均降解率分别为18.9%和15.8%。但总体上加工过程对于烟叶中正常残留水平农药的降解并没有产生明显影响。总之,在从烟叶大田生长到烟叶加工的全过程中,两种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂降解关键阶段是田间生长过程的自然降解,这也是农药残留管控的关键阶段。
Lambda-cyhalothrinand fenvalerate, two of the widely used pesticides in tobacco have been received high concern recently in China.The residue is one of the most important issues affecting the quality and safety of tobacco cultivation. To investigate the key procedure of pesticide residue control, the behavior of Lambda-cyhalothrinand fenvalerate on tobacco, from treatment to harvest, and their fate in tobacco processing, including flue-curing process, threshing and redrying process, tobacco cutting process, were studied. Residual field trials, including residue dynamic experiments and final residue experiments, were designed based on Guideline on Pesticide Residue Trials issued by Chinese Ministry of Agriculture and performed in two regions, Linyi in Shandong and Qujing in Yunnan, during 2014.Tobacco processingexperiments were carried out after the field trials following the typical flue-cured tobacco processing mode in China. A multi-pesticide residual detection method based on GC-MS/MS was applied during the study. The results showed that, the degradation process(from 2 hours to 30 days) of Lambda-cyhalothrinand fenvalerate appeared to follow the first-order kinetic reaction, and Lambda-cyhalothrinand fenvalerate residues in tobacco leaves showed a different dissipation rate at two geographical experimental plots, with half-lives of 16.7 and 17.0 days in Linyi, 8.1and 8.3 days in Qujing, respectively. It has been believed that the weather conditions and growth dilution factor in two places contributed mainly to the obvious differencesbetween the half-lives. Residues persistence may be affected by high temperature during tobacco processing. The eliminated percentage of Lambda-cyhalothrinand fenvalerate in the flue-curing process is in the range of 17.2-22.1% and 13.5-18.6%, respectively. However, there is still little persuasive evidence about the contribution from tobacco processing to the degradation of pyrethroids.

引文

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