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基于水溶性共轭聚合物的病原菌检测、杀伤以及抗菌敏感性的评价及抗生素的筛选研究
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摘要
近年来,病原菌感染所引发的公共卫生安全问题引起了人们越来越多的关注。细菌和真菌感染通常会导致极其严重的后果,甚至会威胁人的生命。与此同时,抗生素的大量不合理使用导致细菌耐药性问题越来越严重。耐药菌的出现对人类公共安全提出了严峻的挑战,同时也是科研工作者面临的一大难题。传统的病原菌检测方法大多依赖于病原菌的生长,需要24-48 h甚至更长的培养时间,这与病原菌快速检测的需求相差甚远。因此,发展快速区分检测病原菌、快速评价抗菌药物的敏感性和筛选抗生素的方法以及发展新的杀菌体系用以解决细菌的耐药性问题具有重要意义。基于以上考虑,我们课题组利用阳离子聚合物之间以及阳离子聚合物与荧光素之间的荧光共振能量转移(FRET),设计发展了基于阳离子聚合物的病原菌检测体系,实现了病原菌的快速可视区分和抗生素的高通量筛选(如图1所示)。~([1])此外,我们设计合成了侧链修饰了胍基的寡聚芴,利用其与绿色荧光蛋白能发生有效的能量转移建立了一种特异性筛选破膜抗生素的方法(如图2所示)。~([2])
To create a drug,nature's blueprints often have to be improved through semisynthesis or total synthesis(chemical postevolution).Selected contributions from industrial and academic groups highlight the arduous but rewarding path from natural products to drugs.Principle modification types for natural products are discussed herein,such as decoration,substitution,and degradation.The biological,chemical,and socioeconomic environments of antibacterial research are dealt with in context.Natural products,many from soil organisms,have provided the majority of lead structures for marketed anti-infectives.Surprisingly,numerous "old" classes of antibacterial natural products have never been intensively explored by medicinal chemists.Nevertheless,research on antibacterial natural products is flagging.Apparently,the "old fashioned" natural products no longer fit into modern drug discovery.The handling of natural products is cumbersome,requiring nonstandardized workflows and extended timelines.Revisiting natural products with modern chemistry and target-finding tools from biology(reversed genomics) is one option for their revival.
引文
[1]Zhu,C.L.;Yang,Q.;Liu,L.B.;Wang,S.Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2011,50,9607.
    [2]Chen H,Wang B,Zhang J,Nie C,Lv F,Liu L,Wang S,Chem.Commun.2015,51,4036-4039.

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