主动性人格和认知灵活性与飞行情景判断的关系
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- 英文论文题名：The Impact of Proactive Personality and Cognitive Flexibility on Situational Judgment among Student Pilots in China
- 论文作者：靳芳 ; 刘丹 ; 杨灿 ; 陈星星 ; 姬鸣
- 英文论文作者：Jin Fang ; Liu Dan ; Yang Can ; Chen Xingxing ; Ji Ming ; School of Psychology ; Shaanxi Normal University ; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：陕西师范大学心理学院;陕西省行为与认知科学重点实验室;
- 论文关键词：飞行学员 ; 主动性人格 ; 认知灵活性 ; 情景判断
- 英文论文关键词：Student Pilots ; Proactive Personality ; Cognitive Flexibility ; Situational Judgment
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B848
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：780k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
情境判断能力是飞行员驾驶安全行为的核心要素,对现代航线飞行安全产生重要影响。主动性人格作为一种能够影响环境变化的稳定趋势,与个体的情境判断能力存在密切联系。同时,认知灵活性作为一种灵活转换的心理表征,能够将反应定势转换到能够适应变化的或者不可预测的情景判断中。因此,本研究旨在以人格特征为研究取向,探讨飞行员主动性人格和认知灵活性与飞行情景判断的关系。研究采用主动性人格问卷、认知灵活性量表以及飞行员情景判断测验3个量表调查了222名中国民航大学的飞行学员,并且通过层次回归分析探讨了主动性人格和认知灵活性与飞行情景判断的关系。结果显示:主动性人格和飞行学员的情景判断显著相关(r=0.361,p<0.01),认知灵活性和飞行学员的情景判断显著相关(r=0.344,p<0.01),主动性人格与飞行学员的认知灵活性显著相关(r=0.412,p<0.01)。当飞行学员面临不确定情景时倾向使用灵活的策略做出有效决策。在控制了年龄和飞行时间后,发现主动性人格和认知灵活性显著提高了飞行情景判断能力在回归方程中的解释率;同时,当认知灵活性水平较高时,主动性人格能够显著预测情景判断,反之较弱。结论:主动性人格直接影响飞行学员的情景判断,认知灵活性对主动性人格和情景判断具有调节作用。这一结论表明通过筛选主动性人格的飞行学员来加强情景判断的时效性是飞行员选拔的有效途径。此外,并非所有的主动行为都会带来积极的结果,只有调整应对策略,飞行员才能在复杂和不确定的环境中做出正确的决策。
The majority of accidents and incidents in aviation can be attributed partially to poor decision making and judgement strategies(O'Hare, 1990). The effectiveness of situational judgment was mainly depended on the related factors with respect to stable trait and cognitive ability. From the perspective of the theoretical framework, situational judgment could be affected by personality characteristics of pilots. The present study was to investigate the effect of proactive personality(PAP) and cognitive flexibility(CF) on the student pilots' situational judgment. This study was based on a sample of 222 student pilots from Civil Aviation Flight University of China. The results showed that proactive personality directly affected student pilots' situational judgment. Cognitive flexibility had the moderating effect on the relationship between PAP and situational judgment. Implications of the study as well as future research directions on the study of student pilot's situational judgment are discussed.
The majority of accidents and incidents in aviation can be attributed partially to poor decision making and judgement strategies(O'Hare, 1990). The effectiveness of situational judgment was mainly depended on the related factors with respect to stable trait and cognitive ability. From the perspective of the theoretical framework, situational judgment could be affected by personality characteristics of pilots. The present study was to investigate the effect of proactive personality(PAP) and cognitive flexibility(CF) on the student pilots' situational judgment. This study was based on a sample of 222 student pilots from Civil Aviation Flight University of China. The results showed that proactive personality directly affected student pilots' situational judgment. Cognitive flexibility had the moderating effect on the relationship between PAP and situational judgment. Implications of the study as well as future research directions on the study of student pilot's situational judgment are discussed.
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