老年人身体健康感知与死亡焦虑的关系及其机制研究

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• 英文论文题名：Relationship between Health perception and Death anxiety and its mechanism of Old People
• 论文作者：刘方 ; 戴艳
• 英文论文作者：Liu Fang ; Dai Yan ; Faculty of Humanities ; Sichuan Technology and Business University ; Faculty of Educational ; Sichuan Normal University
• 年：2015
• 作者机构：四川工商学院人文学院;四川师范大学教育科学学院;
• 论文关键词：身体健康感知 ; 生命意义 ; 乐观 ; 死亡焦虑
• 英文论文关键词：health perception ; meaning of life ; optimism ; death anxiety
• 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
• 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
• 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
• 语种：中文
• 分类号：B842.6
• 学会代码：ZGXG
• 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
• 会议地点：中国天津
• 主办单位：中国心理学会
• 学会名称：中国心理学会
• 页数：2
• 文件大小：788k
• 原文格式：D
• 会议级别：全国

摘要

本研究对Ware编制的健康感知量表(HPQ)和Templer的死亡焦虑量表(TDAS)进行翻译修订,并采用Crunmbaugh等人编制的生活目的测验量表(PIL)和Scheier编制的生活定向测验量表(LOT)对成都市281名老年人进行问卷调查。本研究旨在探讨老年人身体健康感知、生命意义、乐观、死亡焦虑的一般状况,以及在人口学变量上的差异;探讨老年人身体健康感知、生命意义、乐观、死亡焦虑的关系。研究结论如下:(1)老年人身体健康感知、乐观处于中等偏上水平,生命意义和死亡焦虑处于较低水平。(2)已婚且有伴侣的老年人的生命意义及其各维度显著高于离异、丧偶或未婚的老年人;文化程度越高的老年人在生命意义上的得分越高。(3)已婚且有伴侣的老年人的总体乐观水平和乐观维度得分显著高于离异、丧偶或未婚老年人;而已婚且有伴侣的老年人在悲观维度上的得分显著低于离异、丧偶或未婚老年人。(4)已婚且有伴侣的老年人的死亡焦虑水平显著低于离异、丧偶或未婚老年人。(5)除了身体健康感知与乐观之间不存在显著相关外,身体健康感知、生命意义、乐观、死亡焦虑之间都存在显著的相关关系。(6)身体健康感知及其各维度对生命意义及其各维度、乐观和死亡焦虑均有显著预测作用;生命意义及其各维度、乐观及其各维度对死亡焦虑均有显著预测作用。(7)生命意义在身体健康感知对死亡焦虑的负向影响效应中起部分中介作用;乐观在身体健康感知和死亡焦虑之间起调节作用;乐观对生命意义的中介效应起着调节的作用。
Through translating and revising Ware's Health Perception Questionnaire(HPQ) and Templer Death Anxiety Scale(TDAS), and using Crunmbaugh's The Purpose in Life Test(PIL) and Scheier's The Life Orientation Test(LOT) to survey 281 old people in Chengdu. This study was to explore the general condition of health perception, meaning of life, optimism, death anxiety and the differences in demographic variables. To explore the relationship among the health perception, meaning of life, optimism and death anxiety. The research results were the following:(1) Old people's health perception and optimism were in a better level, but their meaning of life and death anxiety had a low level.(2) Married people had higher meaning of life, and the people who had higher education level had higher meaning of life.(3) Married people had a higher overall optimism and positive dimension; they had lower scores on the pessimistic dimension than the divorced, widowed or unmarried people.(4) The married people' death anxiety was significantly lower than the divorced, widowed or unmarried people.(5) The health perception and its all dimensions had significant positive correlation with meaning in life,overall optimism and positive dimension, but had significant negative correlation with pessimism dimension and death anxiety. The meaning of life and its all dimensions, overall optimism, positive dimension had negative correlation with death anxiety.(6) Health perception and its all dimensions had the significant prediction function for meaning of life and its all dimensions, optimism, death anxiety. The meaning of life and its all dimensions, and optimism and its all dimensions had the significant prediction function for death anxiety.(7) Meaning of life partly mediated the relation between health perception and death anxiety. Optimism moderated the relation between health perception and death anxiety. Optimism moderated the mediating effect caused by meaning of life.

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