嘉峪关地区某钢铁企业员工营养与健康状况评价
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摘要
目的通过收集2013年嘉峪关地区某钢铁企业41~58岁的中年员工的体检资料,对员工的健康状况进行了解,为企业员工预防慢性疾病,提高工作效率提供基础资料,以更好地保障职工的健康。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,随机抽取351名中年员工,进行健康体检资料的筛查以及生活习惯和饮食习惯的了解。结果医院职工较钢铁职工易患肝囊肿,钢铁职工较医院职工易得口腔疾患、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)偏低、肌酐(creatinine,CRE)偏低。医院职工中男性较女性易患超重或肥胖、高血压、脂肪肝、间接胆红素偏高、甘油三酯偏高(均有P<0.05);钢铁职工中男性较女性易患超重或肥胖、高血压、甘油三酯偏高(均有P<0.05),而CRE偏低则是女性较男性高发(χ~2=19.775,P<0.001)。结论对本企业员工进行营养教育,建议其平衡膳食,加强锻炼,控制体质指数在18.5~24.0 kg/m2之间,以预防慢性疾病的发生。
Objective By gathering medical reports from 41 to 58 year-old middle-aged workers who come from an iron and steel company in Jiayuguan region,to investigate health status of employees,to provide basic data for enterprise employees in order to prevent chronic disease,improve work efficiency,and to protect worker 's health.Methods 351middle-aged workers were randomly investigated with the stratified cluster sampling method,and were screened for examination data along with learning about their life and eating habits.Results Hospital staffs were more susceptible to have liver cyst,fatty liver,higher indirect bilirubin,and higher triglycerides than steel workers,while steel workers were more susceptible to have oral diseases,lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol( LDL-C),lower serum creatinine( CRE) than hospital staff.More men in hospital staffs suffered from overweight or obesity,hypertension,fatty liver,and higher indirect bilirubin( IBIL),higher triglyceride( TG) than women( all P < 0.05); more men in steel staffs were incident to overweight or obesity,high blood pressure,high TG than women( all P < 0.05),but women were more likely to have lower CRE than men(χ~2= 19.775,P < 0.001).Conclusions Nutrition education for the employees of this enterprise,suggest balanced diet,strengthen exercise,control body mass index in the range of 18.5-24.0 kg / m2,for the prevention of chronic diseases.
Objective By gathering medical reports from 41 to 58 year-old middle-aged workers who come from an iron and steel company in Jiayuguan region,to investigate health status of employees,to provide basic data for enterprise employees in order to prevent chronic disease,improve work efficiency,and to protect worker 's health.Methods 351middle-aged workers were randomly investigated with the stratified cluster sampling method,and were screened for examination data along with learning about their life and eating habits.Results Hospital staffs were more susceptible to have liver cyst,fatty liver,higher indirect bilirubin,and higher triglycerides than steel workers,while steel workers were more susceptible to have oral diseases,lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol( LDL-C),lower serum creatinine( CRE) than hospital staff.More men in hospital staffs suffered from overweight or obesity,hypertension,fatty liver,and higher indirect bilirubin( IBIL),higher triglyceride( TG) than women( all P < 0.05); more men in steel staffs were incident to overweight or obesity,high blood pressure,high TG than women( all P < 0.05),but women were more likely to have lower CRE than men(χ~2= 19.775,P < 0.001).Conclusions Nutrition education for the employees of this enterprise,suggest balanced diet,strengthen exercise,control body mass index in the range of 18.5-24.0 kg / m2,for the prevention of chronic diseases.
引文
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[19]王华丽,李立涛.医院职工体检结果分析[J].中国医药导报,2010,7(8):135,137.
[2]张新国.某钢厂职工职业性健康检查报告[J].职业与健康,2004,20(1):41-42.
[3]孙长颢,孙秀发,凌文华,等.营养与食品卫生学[M].第6版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[4]任萍.合肥市部分事业单位职工高血压危险因素分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2008,12(5):501-502.
[5]陈理声,姚洪章,钟福华,等.生活方式与超重和肥胖的关系[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2005,13(5):208-210.
[6]徐汉朋,王心桐,迟乃春,等.生活方式与肥胖的关联性研究[J].青岛大学医学院学报,2009,45(6):508-510.
[7]顾辉,许俐颖.苏州市部分老年人膳食摄入及肥胖、高血压的现况调查[J].中国初级卫生保健,2004,18(8):73-74.
[8]尹汉明,王剑,黄玉珊,等.吉安市中老年人肥胖与热能摄入状况调查[J].中国老年学杂志,2011,31(12):2290-2292.
[9]卫生部心血管疾病防治研究中心.中国心血管病报告(2005)[M].北京:中国大百科全书出版社,2006.
[10]傅华.预防医学[M].第4版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2006.
[11]王陇德.中国居民营养与健康状况调查报告之一:2002综合报告[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2005.
[12]Gu D,Reynolds K,Wu X,et al.Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and overweight among adults in China[J].Lancet,2005,365(9468):1398-1405.
[13]Ogden CL,Carroll MD,Curtin LR,et al.Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States,1999-2004[J].JAMA,2006,295(13):1549-1555.
[14]赵文华,徐恒秋,张馨,等.农村中老年人血压水平与体质指数和腰臀比的关系[J].中国公共卫生,2000,16(4):293-296.
[15]赵连成,武阳丰,周北凡,等.不同体重指数和腰围人群的血压均值及高血压患病率调查[J].中华流行病学杂志,2003,24(6):471-475.
[16]陶源,许敏锐,燕燕,等.农村中老年高血压患者血压水平与身体测量指标的相关性研究[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2012,16(5):371-374.
[17]杨中荣,查君,王滨燕,等.安庆农村社区高血压人群中甘油三酯与体质指数相关性分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2010,14(6):548-551.
[18]龚涛,冉亮.750名体检者的体质指数与脂肪肝检查结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2010,37(21):4101-4104.
[19]王华丽,李立涛.医院职工体检结果分析[J].中国医药导报,2010,7(8):135,137.
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